Dietary lipid and carbohydrate interactions: implications on lipid and glucose absorption, transport in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) juveniles
2016
Castro, Carolina | Corraze, Geneviève | Basto, Ana | Larroquet, Laurence | Panserat, Stéphane | Oliva-Teles, Aires | Faculdade de Ciencias ; Universidade de Lisboa = University of Lisbon = Université de Lisbonne (ULISBOA) | Centro de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIMA) ; Universidade do Algarve (UAlg) | Nutrition, Aquaculture et Génomique (NUAGE) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER) | This work was partially supported by national funds through the FCT (Foundation for Science and Technology)— under the project‘PEst-C/MAR/LA0015/2011’ and co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through the COMPETE— operational competitiveness programme. C. C. was supported by a grant (SFRH/BD/76297/2011) from FCT, Portugal
A digestibility trial was performed with gilthead sea bream juveniles (IBW = 72 g) fed four diets differing in lipid source (fish oil, FO; or a blend of vegetable oil, VO) and starch content (0 %, CH−; or 20 %, CH+) to evaluate the potential interactive effects between carbohydrates and VO on the processes involved in digestion, absorption and transport of lipids and glucose. In fish fed VO diets a decrease in lipid digestibility and in cholesterol (C), High Density Lipoprotein(HDL)-C and Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL)-C (only in CH+ group) were recorded. Contrarily, dietary starch induced postprandial hyperglycemia and time related alterations on serum triacylglycerol (TAG), phospholipid (PL) and C concentrations. Fish fed a CH+ diet presented lower serum TAG than CH− group at 6 h post-feeding, and the reverse was observed at 12 h post-feeding for TAG and PL. Lower serum C and PL at 6 h post-feeding were recorded only in VOCH+ group. No differences between groups were observed in hepatic and intestinal transcript levels of proteins involved in lipid transport and hydrolysis (FABP, DGAT, GPAT, MTP, LPL, LCAT). Lower transcript levels of proteins related to lipid transport (ApoB, ApoA1, FABP2) were observed in the intestine of fish fed the CH+ diet, but remained unchanged in the liver. Overall, transcriptional mechanisms involved in lipid transport and absorption were not linked to changes in lipid serum and digestibility. Dietary starch affected lipid absorption and transport, probably due to a delay in lipid absorption. This study suggests that a combination of dietary VO and starch may negatively affect cholesterol absorption and transport.
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