Molecular characterization of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in river catfish, Hemibagrus nemurus (Valenciennes 1840)
2023
Sahadan, Fatin Nabilah | Zamri , Amirah Syafiqah | Christianus, Annie | Syukri Ismail, Muhammad Fadhil | Ina-Salwany, Md Yasin | Othman, Roshani | Zulperi, Zarirah
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is the foremost neuroendocrine peptide required in the reproduction system. Characterization and the involvement of GnRH in fish reproduction, especially in fish species has been complicated by the discovery of multiple GnRH forms. In this paper, we determined the molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of GnRH1 and GnRH2 genes in a commercially cultured catfish, Hemibagrus nemurus. This species is a high-demand freshwater fish worldwide especially in the Asia Pacific regions due to its thick flesh and high nutritional value. Problems in their breeding restrict the production of this species in captivity. Therefore, a thorough study of the GnRH genes is important due to their critical role in stimulating the secretion of gonadotropins hormone, which leads to the release of steroid hormones and activates the reproduction system. A complete open reading frame (ORF) of GnRH1 and GnRH2 genes was obtained through PCR amplification and cloned into TOPO® TA Cloning® kit, following sequence assembly and phylogenetic analysis. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the GnRH1 and GnRH2 of H. nemurus were clustered with Siluriformes, consisting of mostly catfish species including Pangasius nasutus and Pangasianodon hypopthalmus. The cDNA of GnRH1 was 371 bp with an ORF of 262 bp encoding a highly variable 81 amino acids, while the cDNA of GnRH2 was 376 bp with an ORF of 260 bp encoding a highly conserved 87 amino acids. This study could offer an advanced idea to develop a new GnRH agonist for artificial breeding of H. nemurus and other catfish sp.
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