Treatment with Ad5-Porcine Interferon-α Attenuates Ebolavirus Disease in Pigs
2022
Chandrika Senthilkumaran | Andrea L. Kroeker | Gregory Smith | Carissa Embury-Hyatt | Brad Collignon | Elizabeth Ramirez-Medina | Paul A. Azzinaro | Bradley S. Pickering | Fayna Diaz-San Segundo | Hana M. Weingartl | Teresa de los Santos
Under experimental conditions, pigs infected with Ebola Virus (EBOV) develop disease and can readily transmit the virus to non-human primates or pigs. In the event of accidental or intentional EBOV infection of domestic pigs, complex and time-consuming safe depopulation and carcass disposal are expected. Delaying or preventing transmission through a reduction in viral shedding is an absolute necessity to limit the spread of the virus. In this study, we tested whether porcine interferon-&alpha: or &lambda:3 (porIFN&alpha: or porIFN&lambda:3) delivered by a replication-defective human type 5 adenovirus vector (Ad5-porIFN&alpha: or Ad5-porIFN&lambda:3) could limit EBOV replication and shedding in domestic pigs. Our results show that pigs pre-treated with Ad5-porIFN&alpha: did not develop measurable clinical signs, did not shed virus RNA, and displayed strongly reduced viral RNA load in tissues. A microarray analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells indicated that Ad5-porIFN&alpha: treatment led to clear upregulation in immune and inflammatory responses probably involved in protection against disease. Our results indicate that administration of Ad5-porIFN&alpha: can potentially be used to limit the spread of EBOV in pigs.
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