Valorization of Poultry Waste Oils Recovered from Water Treatment Through the Degumming–Transesterification Process to Produce Biodiesel
2025
Nayeli Gutiérrez-Casiano | José Angel Cobos-Murcia | César Antonio Ortiz-Sánchez | Solmaría Mandi Pérez-Guzmán | Eduardo Hernández-Aguilar
The growing demand for chicken meat products has increased the amount of wastewater associated with their production: their treatment has increased the generation of sludge and oils trapped in the trap process treatment. This work presents a process for the valorization of this residual oil recovered through the production of biodiesel. An oil degumming process was applied, and the quality of the treated oil was evaluated. This was transesterified with alkaline conditions and a homogeneous catalyst (KOH): a 3k experimental design was applied with two factors: the temperature at 50, 60, and 70 °:C and the molar ratios of 5, 6, and 7 moles of methanol per mole of recovered chicken oil. The biodiesel quality parameters were evaluated based on the ASTM standard. The process achieved a yield of 90.2%. The biodiesel obtained met all the quality parameters: however, only the process conditions with a molar ratio of 6:1 and a temperature of 60 °:C achieved a kinematic viscosity of 5.64 ±: 0.15 mm2 s&minus:1, meeting the limits of 1.9&ndash:6.0 mm2 s&minus:1 of the ASTM regulation. The fluidity of this biodiesel in mixtures of 25, 50, and 75% v with petroleum diesel was also evaluated, and a better adjustment of the Bingham mixing rule model and rheological analysis revealed that the mixtures did not lose their Newtonian behavior. This allows for the application of this biodiesel in internal combustion engines, achieving the valorization of residual oil.
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