The use of phytobiotics in the feeding of farm animals (review)

Introduction. Modern animal husbandry requires the use of biologically active additives to prevent the negative effects of physiological factors and increase productivity. The most important aspects remain a balanced diet and optimal housing conditions, especially for highly productive breeds. Phytobiotics, natural antibiotics that can replace synthetic analogues, are of growing interest. These substances have a wide range of effects and are used to improve the health and productivity of animals, but they require confirmation of their effectiveness, taking into account physiology, technology and economics. Purpose ‒ this review is aimed at investigating the current state of affairs in the field of the use of antibiotics in the diets of farm animals. To achieve this goal, an analysis of scientific papers published in leading domestic and foreign publications was carried out. Materials and methods. Theoretical and generalized analysis of domestic and foreign literature related to studies of the effect of biological additives on animal productivity. Results, discussion. The realization of the genetic potential of farm animal productivity in industrial technologies requires the inclusion of biologically active additives in diets that help increase productivity and normalize homeostasis. With the development of trends away from traditional drugs, there has been an increased interest in phytobiotics, natural substances that improve the digestibility of feed, have antimicrobial efficacy and stimulate growth. Their use increases immunity, improves animal health and production performance, making production more cost-effective. Conclusion. The use of plant extracts (phytobiotics) obtained from natural sources in feed for farm animals is based on the study of plant properties and the use of technologies for extracting useful components. Standardization and testing of extracts is important to ensure effectiveness. Phytobiotics improve digestion, appetite, and nutrient absorption, increasing animal productivity.