Farm-level adaptation strategies to climate change-induced hazards by lowland smallholder farmers in Southern Ethiopia
2025
Asfaw Albore | Girmay Tesfay | Amanuel Zenebe | Nigussie Abadi
Climate change deteriorates farm production by triggering floods, droughts, crop pests, and diseases. Resolving this problem using effective agro-ecological specific adaptation strategies is essential for ensuring a resilient system of livelihood in Ethiopia. Therefore, the main goal of this study was to identify the adoption of farm adaptation strategies by lowland smallholder farmers and the factors that influence the use of adaptation strategies. To achieve these goal,primary data were obtained from a survey of 422 households following a multi-stage sampling procedure and supplemented with focus group discussions and key informant interviews. Secondary data were collected from published and unpublished government reports. Descriptive statistics, and a multivariate probit (MVP) econometric model was used to analyze data. According to the findings, farmers respond by using different soil and water conservation strategies, small-scale irrigation, drought-resistant crop variety, modifying planting dates, crop diversification, forage cropping, using concentrated feed, and breeding better animals. The MVP model results revealed that different natural, human, physical, financial, and social factors had affected the use of adaptation strategies. Therefore, future policy directions should include improving the timely dissemination of high-quality weather and climate information, fostering farmers’ trust in extension workers, and strengthing family planning services.
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