Pathological Characteristics of the Emerging Recombinant African Swine Fever Virus Genotypes I and II in Vietnam
2025
Viet Dung Nguyen | The Viet Hoang Nguyen | Ngoc Duong Vu | Thi Tam Than | Thi Chau Giang Tran | Thi Thu Hang Vu | Thi Lan Nguyen | Yeon Hee Kim | Aruna Ambagala | Van Phan Le
African swine fever (ASF) is a highly lethal disease caused by the ASF virus (ASFV) and poses a significant threat to the swine industry worldwide. This study investigated the pathogenicity and pathological characteristics of VNUA/rASFV/HD1/23, a recently identified recombinant ASFV genotype I/II in northern Vietnam. Sixteen healthy, seven-week-old pigs divided into four groups were inoculated intramuscularly (IM) with different virus concentrations (102, 103, and 104 HAD50/mL), and their clinical signs, survival times, and pathological alterations were evaluated. All experimentally infected pigs exhibited acute clinical signs characterized by fever, anorexia, depression, diarrhea, and death (4&ndash:10 days after injection). The pathological findings included splenomegaly with infarcts, hemorrhagic lymph nodes, and severe pulmonary congestion. The pigs that received the highest dose (104 HAD50/mL) IM showed the earliest onset of clinical signs and the shortest survival time. This study provides important insights into the virulence and the pathological lesions induced by the recombinant genotype I/II ASFV strains that emerged in Vietnam.
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