The Effect of Calcium in the Fermentation of White Cabbage with Salicornia
2025
Patrícia Pires-Cabral | Paula Pires-Cabral | Helena Mira | Célia Quintas
This study investigates the fermentation of white cabbage with salicornia and CaCl<sub>2</sub> to assess its effect on the fermentation profiles and properties of the final products. Two sets of experiments were performed: A—cabbage with salt and salicornia, and B—cabbage with salt, salicornia, and CaCl<sub>2</sub>. The fermentative processes were studied through the microbial (lactic-acid bacteria (LAB), coliforms, and fungi), physicochemical (pH, total acidity), and mineral properties. A diminution of pH values (4.07, 3.58) and increased acidity values (0.70, 0.77 g lactic acid/100 mL) were registered at the end of the fermentation period (A and B, respectively). A stationary phase followed the exponential growth of LAB, and a slight decrease was observed (6.01, 5.51 Log CFU/g) in both experiments. A fungi decline was observed during the first week and the coliform populations disappeared after about 13 days of fermentation. <i>Staphylococcus</i> coagulase-positive, <i>Escherichia coli</i>, and <i>Salmonella</i> were not detected in the final products. The utilization of CaCl<sub>2</sub> resulted in fermented cabbage with analogous microbial and sensorial characteristics to fermented cabbage without CaCl<sub>2</sub> but with an increased hardness. However, Ca interfered with the diffusion of K, Mg, and Zn, resulting in lower levels of these elements in the final product, particularly Zn, which exhibited a reduction of 37%, reducing the nutritional value of the final products.
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