Topoclimatic zoning in the Brazilian Amazon: enhancing sustainability and resilience of native forests in the face of Climate Change.
2025
MARTORANO, L. G. | BRIENZA JUNIOR, S. | MORAES, J. R. da S. C. de | NASCIMENTO, W. | LISBOA, L. S. S. | CORREA, D. L. | SANTOS, T. M. | LIMA, R. F. de | MAGALHÃES, K. R. de S. | DIAS, C. T. dos S. | LUCIETTA GUERREIRO MARTORANO, CPATU; SILVIO BRIENZA JUNIOR, CNPF; JOSE REINALDO DA SILVA CABRAL DE MORAES, SOMBRERO SEGURADORA; WERLLESON NASCIMENTO, UNIVERSIDADE DE SAO PAULO; LEILA SHEILA SILVA LISBOA, SECRETARIA MUNICIPAL DE EDUCAÇÃO DE BELÉM; DENISON LIMA CORREA, UNIVERSIDADE DO PARÁ; THIAGO MARTINS SANTOS, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE LAVRAS; RAFAEL FAUSTO DE LIMA, UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL PAULISTA; KAIO RAMON DE SOUSA MAGALHÃES, UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE LAVRAS; CARLOS TADEU DOS SANTOS DIAS, UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO.
The Brazilian Amazon, a global biodiversity hotspot, faces escalating anthropogenic pressures and climate change, underscoring the urgent need to identify priority areas for ecological restoration and sustainable forest use. This study applied a topoclimatic zoning methodological framework in the Legal Amazon to evaluate the environmental suitability of 12 native tree species across anthropogenically altered landscapes. Species occurrence data were compiled from the RADAMBRASIL Project, GBIF, Herbaria, and forest inventory literature. Climatic, topographic, and geographic variables (1961–2022) informed the zoning model. Our findings reveal that species such as Dinizia excelsa Ducke (81%) and Handroanthus albus (Cham.) Mattos (78%) exhibit exceptionally high topoclimatic suitability. Conversely, Simarouba amara Aubl. (37%) and Schizolobium parahyba (Vell.) S.F.Blake var. amazonicum (Huber ex Ducke) Barneby (46%) showed the lowest proportions in high-potential areas, suggesting their greater ecological breadth or specific niche requirements in altered zones. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) indicated strong correlations between high-potential areas and Af3, Am3, and Aw4 climatic subtypes. This study offers a replicable, evidence-based model for prioritizing species and locations, significantly supporting sustainable silviculture and enhancing the long-term resilience of Amazonian forests in the face of climate change.
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