Strategies for reducing arsenic accumulation in rice grains: A systematic review
2025
Sajjad Shaker kouhi | Mohammad Rabiee
Background: Arsenic (As) is one of the most toxic heavy metals posing a serious threat to human health by affecting the food chain. Compared to other cereals, rice has a high potential for As accumulation due to growth in flooded conditions. Therefore, it is essential to develop strategies for reducing As accumulation in rice grain. Accordingly, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the strategies for reducing As accumulation in rice grain. Materials and Methods: In the initial search of articles, a total of 164 articles published between 2004 and 2024, and were reduced after removing duplicates to 126 articles. Then, in the screening stage, the title and abstract of the articles were reviewed and at the end, 92 articles remained. The full text of the screened articles was studied and finally, 68 articles were used in this study. Results: The results showed that water management practices such as intermittent irrigation can help reduce As content of rice plants due to changing the redox status of the soil. In addition, As uptake and toxicity in rice can be reduced by the application of organic amendments (biochar and organic fertilizers) and inorganic amendments (iron, silicon and sulfur). Another way to reduce arsenic absorption by rice is the use of nanotechnology. Selection of low As accumulating rice cultivars and inoculation with microorganisms are among the other agronomic practices successfully employed for reducing As concentration in rice grains. Conclusion: The use of appropriate management practices can enhance rice tolerance to As stress and reduce entry into the food chain.
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