Objective: To determine the incidence of bacteremia, as detected by routine methods for bacterial culture of blood samples, following routine endoscopic biopsy of the stomach and duodenum in healthy research dogs and to determine whether treatment with omeprazole administration affected the incidence of bacteremia. Animals: 8 healthy purpose-bred research dogs. Procedures: All dogs underwent gastroduodenoscopy with biopsy at 4 points: twice prior to treatment with omeprazole, once following 15 days of omeprazole treatment (20 mg, PO, q 12 h), and once 14 days after treatment ceased. Dogs had a mean ± SD body weight of 18.6 ± 2.0 kg. Blood samples were aseptically obtained at 3 points during each procedure (before, immediately following, and 24 hours after endoscopy), and routine aerobic and anaerobic bacterial culture of blood was performed. Results: 96 cultures were attempted for each culture method, yielding positive results of aerobic culture for 2 dogs at separate time points and no positive results of anaerobic culture. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: Routine gastrointestinal endoscopy with biopsy in healthy dogs did not result in a detectable bacteremia in most dogs. Treatment with the gastric acid–suppressing medication omeprazole did not affect the incidence of bacteremia as detected via standard techniques.

Canine granulocytic ehrlichiosis was diagnosed in 37 dogs by finding ehrlichial morulae in 0.1 to 26.2% of their blood neutrophils and eosinophils. All 37 dogs had clinical signs of arthritis or muscular stiffness. Titer to Ehrlichia canis was determined in sera from 31 of the 37 dogs; 25 dogs had titer ranging from 1:20 to 1:5,120. In the other 6 dogs, titer to E canis was < 1:10. The most common hematologic abnormality in these dogs, other than rickettsiemia, was thrombocytopenia. Granulocytes infected with ehrlichial organisms were not found in another 10 dogs that had clinical signs of arthritis or muscular stiffness. Of these 10 dogs, 3 had titer to E canis ranging from 1:40 to 1:320. Titer in the other 7 dogs was < 1:10. Ehrlichial morulae were not found in the granulocytes of 18 healthy dogs. Of these 18 dogs, 9 had titer to E canis ranging from 1:20 to 1:5,120. Titer in the other 9 dogs was < 1:10. Titer to Borrelia burgdorferi was determined in dogs with granulocytic ehrlichiosis, arthritic dogs without detected rickettsiemia, and in healthy dogs. Low titer determined by 2 laboratories was considered to be nonspecific reaction in all 3 groups of dogs and, thus, did not indicate that the arthritic disorders were attributable to canine borreliosis.

Infecção das estruturas umbilicais pode resultar em bacteremia, septicemia e morte em neonatos com falha na imunidade passiva sendo os microrganismos usuais de onfalites isolados freqüentemente em animais com bacteremia. Um estudo foi desenvolvido entre setembro 2002 e setembro 2003 utilizando-se 44 bezerros, visando verificar a freqüência de bacteremia em bezerros neonatos e a correlação entre os agentes isolados a partir de amostras de sangue de estruturas umbilicais. Amostras de sangue foram obtidas por punção da jugular e submetidas à cultura para isolamento de agentes microbianos, sendo 24 obtidas entre 48 e 72 horas e 20 entre o terceiro e o quinto dia após o nascimento. Através de "Swabs" procedeu-se à coleta de material das estruturas umbilicais para a mesma finalidade. Obteve-se crescimento microbiano em 17 (38,67%) amostras de sangue e 100% das amostras de estruturas umbilicais. Os microorganismos mais freqüentes em amostras de sangue foram Staphylococcus sp., E. coli, Bacillus spp, Pseudomonas sp. e Streptococcus. Todos os animais com bacteremia apresentaram manifestações de enfermidade focal ou sistêmica. O sinal clínico mais freqüentemente relacionado com cultura de sangue positiva foi o espessamento das estruturas umbilicais. Bacillus spp, Enterobacter spp, Micrococcus spp. e E. coli foram os microrganismos isolados das estruturas umbilicais. Os dados confirmam uma flora bacteriana mista nos casos de onfalite e sugerem uma prevalência alta de bacteremia em bezerros neonatos, sobretudo aqueles com onfalite, evidenciando a importância de boa transmissão de imunoglobulinas através do colostro.

Infecção das estruturas umbilicais pode resultar em bacteremia, septicemia e morte em neonatos com falha na imunidade passiva sendo os microrganismos usuais de onfalites isolados freqüentemente em animais com bacteremia. Um estudo foi desenvolvido entre setembro 2002 e setembro 2003 utilizando-se 44 bezerros, visando verificar a freqüência de bacteremia em bezerros neonatos e a correlação entre os agentes isolados a partir de amostras de sangue de estruturas umbilicais. Amostras de sangue foram obtidas por punção da jugular e submetidas à cultura para isolamento de agentes microbianos, sendo 24 obtidas entre 48 e 72 horas e 20 entre o terceiro e o quinto dia após o nascimento. Através de "Swabs" procedeu-se à coleta de material das estruturas umbilicais para a mesma finalidade. Obteve-se crescimento microbiano em 17 (38,67%) amostras de sangue e 100% das amostras de estruturas umbilicais. Os microorganismos mais freqüentes em amostras de sangue foram Staphylococcus sp., E. coli, Bacillus spp, Pseudomonas sp. e Streptococcus. Todos os animais com bacteremia apresentaram manifestações de enfermidade focal ou sistêmica. O sinal clínico mais freqüentemente relacionado com cultura de sangue positiva foi o espessamento das estruturas umbilicais. Bacillus spp, Enterobacter spp, Micrococcus spp. e E. coli foram os microrganismos isolados das estruturas umbilicais. Os dados confirmam uma flora bacteriana mista nos casos de onfalite e sugerem uma prevalência alta de bacteremia em bezerros neonatos, sobretudo aqueles com onfalite, evidenciando a importância de boa transmissão de imunoglobulinas através do colostro. | Umbilical structures infections can be followed by bacteremic, septicemic infections and death in newborns with passive immunity deficiency. Microorganisms isolated in omphalitis have been also isolated from animals with bacteremia. From september/2002 to september/2003, a research was developed using 44 calves, in order to evaluate bacteremia frequency in newborns and to correlate microorganisms isolated from blood samples and umbilical structures. Blood samples were collected from jugular vein for microorganisms isolation. Twenty four samples were collected in a period of 24 to 48 hours, the other 20 samples from thirty to fifty days after birth. Umbilical structures materials were collected though swabs. Microbial growth occurred in 17 (38,67%) blood samples and in 100% of umbilical samples. Staphylococcus spp., E. coli, Bacillus spp, Pseudomonas spp. and Streptococcus spp were the major isolated microorganisms from blood. All bacteremic animals presented systemic or localized clinical manifestations. The most reported clinical sign was thickness of umbilical structures. Bacillus spp, Enterobacter spp, Micrococcus spp. and E. coli were isolated from umbilical structures. Data confirm a mixed bacterial environment in omphalitis, and suggest a high prevalence of bacteremic infections in newborns calves, pointing out the need of passive immunity transfer through colostrum.