The current study was conducted on a total of 204 Egyptian, lactating buffalo cows. These animals were in the second or third parity, of good body condition scores and apparently healthy. The animals were raised in intensive production system on a private farm. The buffalo cows were allotted into three groups, two of these groups were experimental and the third was a control group. The first experimental group included 30 buffalo cows were undergo ovulation control by Crestar® a subcutaneous ear implant ( 3mg norgestamet ) plus Crestar® injection i.m. ( 3mg norgestamet + 5mg estradiol valerate ) at zero day. At the 7th day of implantation, PGF2α was injected i.m., then Crestar® implant was removed at the 9th day with injection of PMSG 400 iu. Timed insemination was conducted 56 hrs later. The second experimental group (24 buffalo cows) was treated by the same program, moreover they injected with GnRH at the time of insemination .The third group (150) buffalo cows was bred naturally and used as a control group. For serum progesterone assay blood samples were collected from the animals of the two experimental groups at day 0, 7 and 9 of the Crestar program. The buffalo cows of the experimental groups were closely observed for estrus signs and were rectally palpated at the time of insemination for detection of the internal estrus changes. At day 50 post insemination all animals were rectally palpated for pregnancy diagnosis. The result of the current study revealed that the visibility of estrus signs were 20 %, 16.7% and 22 % for the first, second and third group respectively. Pregnancy rate was much higher in the second group associated with the injection of GnRH at the time of insemination. Two animals of the second group were carrying twins (11 %). Serum level of progesterone was significantly higher in the 7thday in comparison with those recorded for 0 and 9th day.

The main aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different concentrations of glutathione supplementation on liquid storage of Surti buffalo bull semen. This study was performed on adult Surti buffalo bull (n = 6), and seminal ejaculates (24) were collected and evaluated for various microscopic seminal quality parameters for further processing. After preliminary evaluation, ejaculates of each collection session were mixed and divided into four equal aliquots. All the aliquots were diluted (1:10) with Tris fructose egg yolk citrate extender contained glutathione served as control (T0), whereas the other three aliquots were supplemented with 0.5, 2.0 and 5.0 mM glutathione which were grouped as Treatment-1 (T1), Treatment-2 (T2) and Treatment-3 (T3), respectively. Thereafter, the samples were stored at 4 ºC for 4 h, and various seminal parameters (individual sperm progressive motility, viability, abnormalities, plasma membrane functionality) were evaluated at equilibration. The results indicated that the mean percent values for pre-freeze sperm progressive motility, live sperm percentage and HOS responsive spermatozoa were found to be significantly higher (P<0.05) (except individual progressive motility which was non-significantly higher in Treatment-3); whereas sperm abnormalities were significantly lower (P<0.05) in semen samples treated with glutathione (Treatment-1, Treatment-2 and Treatment-3) in comparison to control. The Treatment-2 (2.0 mM glutathione), had the highest pre-freeze sperm progressive motility percentage, live sperm percentage, HOS response sperm percentage and reduced sperm abnormalities percentage compared to other three groups.

Toxocara vitulorum is a nematode parasite of the small intestine of cattle and water buffaloes, particularly buffalo calves between one and three months old, causing high morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this research was the characterization of soluble larval extract (Ex) antigen of T. vitulorum by Sds-page and Western blotting (WB) using immune sera and colostrum of buffaloes naturally infected by T. vitulorum. The parasitological status of the buffalo calves was also evaluated using sequential fecal examinations. The results showed that this antigen revealed eleven (11, 13, 16, 22, 25, 32, 43, 53, 68, 82 and 96 kDa) polypeptide bands by SDS-PAGE. Five polypeptide bands of higher molecular weight (43, 53, 68, 82 and 96 kDa) were recognized by sera and colostrum of all groups of infected animals when analyzed by WB. But only the fractions of 53, 68, 82, and 96 kDa that were more prominent persisted in the groups of buffalo calves during the beginning of the infection, at the peak of egg output, as well as during the period of rejection and post-rejection of T. vitulorum by the feces of the calves. On the other hand, sera of buffalo calves at one day old, after suckling the colostrum and at the beginning of infection, reacted with the same bands detected by serum and by colostrum of the buffalo cows. | Toxacara vitulorum é um nematódeo que acomete principalmente bezerros búfalos na faixa etária de um a três meses de vida, causando grande morbidade ou mortalidade quando não tratados. A pesquisa objetivou a obtenção do antígeno extrato larval solúvel bruto (Ex) de larvas infectantes de T. vitulorum, bem como a separação das frações antigênicas pelo SDS-PAGE e pelo "Western blotting" (WB), utilizando-se soros imunes e colostros de búfalos naturalmente infectados com T. vitulorum. O acompanhamento do quadro parasitário dos bezerros búfalos também foi realizado. Pôde-se verificar que o antígeno revelou 11 (11, 13, 16, 22, 25, 32, 43, 53, 68, 82 e 96 kDa) bandas protéicas. Quando analisadas pelo WB, cinco dessas bandas (43, 53, 68, 82 e 96 kDa) foram reconhecidas pelos anticorpos presentes nas amostras de soros e de colostros das búfalas e de soros dos bezerros búfalos com um de vida após mamarem o colostro. No entanto, somente as bandas de 53 a 96 kDa que foram as mais evidentes persistiram nos grupos de bezerros búfalos que se encontravam tanto no pico da infecção como no período de expulsão ou pós-expulsão dos helmintos adultos do intestino. As bandas antigênicas de 68 e de 92 kDa, por serem as mais proeminentes podem ser consideradas componentes para futuras vacinas contra T. vitulorum em búfalos.

O desempenho de um ELISA comercial (Bovine Rhinotracheitis virus antibody test Kit, Herdcheck®, IDEXX Laboratories Inc., USA) para a identificação de anticorpos anti-herpesvírus bovino tipo 1 (BHV-1), em soro bovino, foi avaliado em 133 amostras de soro de búfalos (Bubalus bubalis), sem histórico de vacinação para IBR, da Região do Vale do Ribeira, Estado de São Paulo. Tomando-se a técnica de soroneutralização como referência, o ELISA indireto apresentou sensibilidade e especificidade relativa de 97,14 e 46,03%, respectivamente. A concordância estimada pelo índice kappa, entre os dois métodos, foi de 0,44 IC (0,29-0,59), utilizando um intervalo de confiança de 95%.

Toxacara vitulorum é um nematódeo que acomete principalmente bezerros búfalos na faixa etária de um a três meses de vida, causando grande morbidade ou mortalidade quando não tratados. A pesquisa objetivou a obtenção do antígeno extrato larval solúvel bruto (Ex) de larvas infectantes de T. vitulorum, bem como a separação das frações antigênicas pelo SDS-PAGE e pelo "Western blotting" (WB), utilizando-se soros imunes e colostros de búfalos naturalmente infectados com T. vitulorum. O acompanhamento do quadro parasitário dos bezerros búfalos também foi realizado. Pôde-se verificar que o antígeno revelou 11 (11, 13, 16, 22, 25, 32, 43, 53, 68, 82 e 96 kDa) bandas protéicas. Quando analisadas pelo WB, cinco dessas bandas (43, 53, 68, 82 e 96 kDa) foram reconhecidas pelos anticorpos presentes nas amostras de soros e de colostros das búfalas e de soros dos bezerros búfalos com um de vida após mamarem o colostro. No entanto, somente as bandas de 53 a 96 kDa que foram as mais evidentes persistiram nos grupos de bezerros búfalos que se encontravam tanto no pico da infecção como no período de expulsão ou pós-expulsão dos helmintos adultos do intestino. As bandas antigênicas de 68 e de 92 kDa, por serem as mais proeminentes podem ser consideradas componentes para futuras vacinas contra T. vitulorum em búfalos.

The performance of a commercial ELISA (Bovine Rhinotracheitis virus antibody test Kit, Herdcheck®, IDEXX Laboratories Inc., USA) designed to detect the presence of antibody to the Bovine Herpesvirus type 1 (BHV-1) in bovine serum, was evaluated in samples of buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) serum. Sera of 133 buffaloes without IBR vaccination were performed both by ELISA and standard serum neutralization technique. Sensitivity and specificity of ELISA were 97.14% and 46.03%, respectively. The estimated concordance between two serologic diagnostic methods by kappa index was 0.44 IC (0.29-0.59) using 95% confidence level. | O desempenho de um ELISA comercial (Bovine Rhinotracheitis virus antibody test Kit, Herdcheck®, IDEXX Laboratories Inc., USA) para a identificação de anticorpos anti-herpesvírus bovino tipo 1 (BHV-1), em soro bovino, foi avaliado em 133 amostras de soro de búfalos (Bubalus bubalis), sem histórico de vacinação para IBR, da Região do Vale do Ribeira, Estado de São Paulo. Tomando-se a técnica de soroneutralização como referência, o ELISA indireto apresentou sensibilidade e especificidade relativa de 97,14 e 46,03%, respectivamente. A concordância estimada pelo índice kappa, entre os dois métodos, foi de 0,44 IC (0,29-0,59), utilizando um intervalo de confiança de 95%.