A clinical parameter study was conducted to file the reference serum bio-chemical values of Bonnet macaques (Macaca radiata) reared under captivity. The animals were chemically restrained and six blood samples (3 males and 3 females) were collected from the saphenous vein and processed. In this study, the mean ± S.E. of estimated value of serum biochemical profiles were close to the normal range reported earlier. But, serum glucose level was less and serum level of phosphorus was comparatively high.

A clinical parameter study was conducted to file the reference serum bio-chemical values of Bonnet macaques (Macaca radiata) reared under captivity. The animals were chemically restrained and six blood samples (3 males and 3 females) were collected from the saphenous vein and processed. In this study, the mean ± S.E. of estimated value of serum biochemical profiles were close to the normal range reported earlier. But, serum glucose level was less and serum level of phosphorus was comparatively high.

Two gold-spotted pond frogs (Pelophylax chosenicus) experienced anorexia, buoyancy without diving, and systemic swelling for 1 month and died several days later. On necropsy, the liver had protruding dark gray nodules scattered on its surface, and the kidneys were fat-like beige. Bacteriology showed the presence of Citrobacter braakii, Delftia acidovorans, Elizabethkingia spp., and Chryseobacterium indologenes. On microscopy, the liver showed melanomacrophagic aggregates, inflammatory cell infiltration, and fibrosis. In the case of these frogs, the edema disease is suspected to have been caused by long-term exposure to chlorine and chloramines in tap water rather than infection.

The Malaysian Pangolin (Manis javanica) is an endangered species,
but is widely hunted for its medicinal value in body parts. A total of sixteen pangolins were screened for blood protozoa and six
pangolins were confi rmed to be positive for eperythrozoonosis infection based on morphology from blood smears stained with 8% Giemsa. The causative organism, Eperythrozoon sp., with a size of 0.3 μm were observed under a compound microscope at 100× magnification on the surface of red blood cells as blue coloured dots. This is the fi rst report of Eperythrozoon infection from pangolins in Malaysia. Further identifi cation using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is necessary to confi rm E. ovis or wenyonii,
which is uncultivatable in artifi cial media.

Objective: This study was conducted to determine hematological reference ranges and morpho¬logical characteristics blood cells in healthy captive Sri Lankan fresh water turtle and tortoise species. Materials and Methods: Following turtle species, namely, Melanochelys trijuga parkeri (n = 06), M. trijuga thermalis (n = 06), and Lissemys punctata punctata (n = 06) and a tortoise species Geochelone elegans (n = 06) were evaluated. Blood smears were stained using LeishmanGram staining protocol. The differential white blood cell counts and morphology were assessed using the standard protocols. Results: Both red blood cells and their nuclei were irregular in M. trijuga parkeri, whereas M. trijuga thermalis had oval-shaped and the nuclei were irregular in shape. L. punctata punctata and G. elegans had oval-shaped red blood cells and their nuclei were round in shape. In terms of differential counts, heterophils were the most abundant leukocyte type in all the species. Melanochelys trijuga parkeri had the highest heterophils value of 55% and the lowest value of 48.5% was recorded with G. elegans. Lymphocytes count was significantly high in G. elegans. Characteristic morphological features were observed in different leukocytes. In terms of thrombo¬cytes, M. trijuga thermalis and L. punctata punctata had single platelets, whereas M. trijuga park¬eri and G. elegans had platelets as clumps. Thrombocytes are ellipsoidal with centrally located dark-stained nuclei and their cytoplasm is clear. Conclusion: The findings in this study can be used as the reference values in the assessment of health of the above species and also will be useful in future hematological studies related to these species. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2019; 6(3.000): 266-271]