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Blood meal acquisition by ticks; molecular advances and implications for vaccine development
2002
Mulenga, A. (Hokkaido Univ., Sapporo (Japan)) | Tsuda, A. | Sugimoto, C. | Onuma, M.
In their quest for a blood meal, hematophagous arthropods must first defeat the host's hemostatic defense. Following injury as it occurs when hematophagous arthropods insert their proboscis into host skin to feed, the host will attempt to stop excessive blood loss through its hemostatic defense mechanism involving platelet aggregation, blood clotting and vasoconstriction. To acquire a full blood meal hematophagous arthropods inject an arsenal of bioactive enzymes which ultimately overpower the host's hemostatic defense. We have looked at a selected number of studies on the molecular biology of arthropod anti-hemostatic proteins and developed commentaries on the suitability of these molecules as target tick vaccine antigens.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Somatic regulation of autonomic functions in anesthetized animals: Neural mechanisms of physical therapy including acupuncture
1997
Kimura, A. (Tokyo-to. Inst. of Gerontology (Japan)) | Sato, A.
This paper concerns somato-autonomic reflex responses in various visceral organs following somatic sensory stimulation in animals anesthetized to eliminate emotional factors. Various forms of somatic sensory stimulation can produce different autonomic reflex responses, depending on the visceral organs and which somatic afferents are stimulated. Some responses have a dominant sympathetic efferent involvement, whereas others have predominantly parasympathetic efferent involvement. Some responses have propriospinal and segmental characteristics, while others have supraspinal and systemic characteristics in their reflex nature. These somato-autonomic reflex responses may be functioning during physical therapy including acupuncture
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Three trichostrongylid nematodes from the red rock rabbits, Pronolagus sp., in Kenya
1980
Fukumoto, S. | Kamiya, M. | Suzuki, H. (Hokkaido Univ., Sapporo (Japan). Faculty of Veterinary Medicine)
Current status of vitrification of embryos and oocytes in domestic animals: Ethylene glycol as an emerging cryoprotectant of choice
1998
Bautista, J.A.N. (Hokkaido Univ., Sapporo (Japan)) | Kanagawa, H.
The cryopreservation of mammalian embryos has become an integral part of method s to control animal reproduction. Numerous vitrification solutions have been formulated with ethylene glycol in combination with macromolecules, sugars and other cryoprotective agents. These indicate that a study of ethylene glycol as a cryoprotectant of choice in vitrification studies would be promising. To understand the cryobiology of ethylene glycol, several factors have to be studied. These are : cryoprotectant toxicity, osmotic stress and temperature at exposure. Understanding these factors could lead to the formulation of vitrification protocols that would lead to higher viability rates after cooling. First, ethylene glycol must be used as the sole cryoprotectant in a solution without macromolecules and sugars. Second, partial dehydration and permeation prior to cooling to subzero temperatures must be studied to achieve accurate exposure and a one-step dilution method. Third, the toxic effects of ethylene glycol must be overcome without sacrificing its vitrification properties by combining step-wise exposure at appropriate temperatures, low concentration and decreased volume. Fourth, the long-term effects of ethylene glycol on exposed or vitrified embryos must be determined. Lastly, the influence of culture on the viability of vitrified embryos must be studied to improve viability rates after warming
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Immunohistochemical demonstration of juxtaglomerular cells in the kidneys of domestic mammals and fowls
1986
Kon, Y. (Hokkaido Univ., Sapporo (Japan). Faculty of Veterinary Medicine) | Hashimoto, Y. | Kitagawa, H. | Kudo, N. | Murakami, K.
Spontaneous glomerulonephritis in chickens of the field flocks
1983
Moriguchi, R. | Fujimoto, Y. | Kodama, H. (Hokkaido Univ., Sapporo (Japan). Faculty of Veterinary Medicine)
Clinico-hematological studies on subclinical cases of neonatal hemolytic disease in pigs
1982
Kagota, K. (Hokkaido Univ., Sapporo (Japan). Faculty of Veterinary Medicine) | Abe, N. | Tokoro, K.
Preliminary application of a formalin fixed tissue section to the indirect fluorescent antibody test and intraoral precipitin reaction for the diagnosis of Schistosomiasis japonica
1980
Kamiya, H. | Kamiya, M. (Hokkaido Univ., Sapporo (Japan). Faculty of Veterinary Medicine)
Genetic and biological comparison of tick-borne encephalitis viruses from Hokkaido [Japan] and Far-Eastern Russia
2002
Goto, A. (Hokkaido Univ., Sapporo (Japan)) | Hayasaka, D. | Yoshii, K. | Mizutani, T. | Kariwa, H. | Takashima, I.
We compared the biological properties of Oshima 5-10 (tick-borne encephalitis [TBE] virus isolated in Hokkaido, Japan) and Sofjin-HO (Far-Eastern subtype TBE virus) including plaque formation, virus replication and virus protein synthesis in BHK-21 cell cultures to reveal strain differences. We also determined the complete nucleotide sequences of both strains and compared the deduced amino acid sequences. Plaques of Oshima 5-10 were smaller than those of Sofjin-HO. Virus titers in culture fluid of Oshima 5-10 were 1/100 of those of Sofjin-HO at 9 and 12 hr after infection. Less viral protein and RNA syntheses of strain Oshima 5-10 was observed than with Sofjin-HO. Genetic analysis revealed 1.4% of amino acids to differ with Sofjin-HO. No difference between the two strains was detected in the motif sequence of the viral enzyme, cleavage sites of viral protein or glycosylation sites of NS1.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]A chromosomal analysis based on the G and C band staining techniques of the buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)
1980
Miyake, Y. | Kanagawa, H. | Ishikawa, T. (Hokkaido Univ., Sapporo (Japan). Faculty of Veterinary Medicine)