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Efficacy of domperidone and sulpiride as treatments for fescue toxicosis in horses.
1994
Redmond L.M. | Cross D.L. | Strickland J.R. | Kennedy S.W.
We evaluated the effectiveness of 2 dopamine antagonists as treatments for fescue toxicosis in horses. Sixteen gravid mares were assigned by breed and expected foaling date to 1 of 3 treatment groups: endophyte-infested control 1.1 mg of domperidone/kg of body weight/d; and 3.3 mg of sulpiride/kg/d. Mares were pastured on endophyte-infected fescue and received 0.454 kg of a corn and dried molasses carrier containing the drug treatment. Treatment started 30 days prior to expected foaling date and continued until parturition. Blood samples were collected, and mammary gland scores were recorded every 5 days. Body weight and body condition scores were obtained every 28 days. Serum was analyzed for prolactin, progesterone, and estradiol-17beta concentrations. Domperidone-treated mares had shorter (P = 0.09) gestation duration and foaled closer (P = 0.07) to their expected parturition date than did control mares. Mammary gland scores were higher (P < 0.05) for domperidone-treated mares than for control mares. By 4 and 9 days after the start of treatment, serum prolactin concentration was higher P < 0.05) in domperidone-treated mares and sulpiride-treated mares, respectively, than in control mares. Domperidone- and and sulpiride-treated mares had higher (P < 0.05) serum progesterone and lower (P < 0.01) estradiol-17beta concentrations than did control mares. These results indicate that domperidone may offer considerable potential as a treatment for fescue toxicosis in horses.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Effects of dopaminergic system on release of TSH and thyroid hormone in rats
1992
Lee, S.W. (Chonbuk Nat'l Univ., Chonju (Korea Republic). Coll. of Veterinary Medicine) | Kim, J.S. | Han, J.H. (Kangweon Nat'l Univ., Chuncheon (Korea Republic). Dept. of Veterinary Medicine)
Efeitos da prolactina na atividade monaminérgica estriatal in vivo são modulados por uma experiência reprodutiva prévia | Effects of prolactin on in vivo striatal monoaminergic activity are modulated by a previous reproductive experience
2007
Erica Engelberg Teixeira da Silva Hucke | Luciano Freitas Felicio
A prolactina (PRL) tem efeito modulatório sobre a atividade neuronal no sistema nervoso central, fato este relevante do ponto de vista fisiológico e comportamental. Os efeitos estimulatórios e inibitórios da PRL exógena estão fortemente relacionados com a dose e o tempo de tratamento. A injeção de PRL diretamente no sistema nervoso central pode levar a modulação da atividade dopaminérgica tanto aguda como prolongadamente, como já foi observado anteriormente em ratos. Por outro lado, esse sistema de neurotransmissão também pode ser modificado por uma experiência reprodutiva anterior em ratas. Portanto, o objetivo do presente estudo é verificar in vivo o efeito de uma única injeção de PRL ou injeções repetidas sobre a atividade dos terminais dopaminérgicos e serotoninérgicos em fêmeas nulíparas e primíparas da mesma idade. Para tanto, 7 ratas primíparas e 6 nulíparas foram submetidas a cirurgias estereotáxicas para a implantação de cânulas-guia para injeção intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) no ventrículo lateral e para microdiálise no corpo estriado contra-lateral. Após o período de recuperação pós-cirúrgico, as ratas foram submetidas a injeções i.c.v. durante 5 dias consecutivos com PRL ovina (oPRL; 10 mg/ 5 ml). Nos dias 1 e 5, as fêmeas foram também submetidas a sessões de microdiálise que se iniciavam antes da injeção i.c.v.. As concentrações de dopamina, serotonina e seus respectivos metabólitos foram quantificadas nos dialisatos coletados a cada 20 min por meio de HPLC-ED. A injeção aguda de oPRL induziu uma diminuição nas concentrações extracelulares de HVA de maneira mais intensa em fêmeas primíparas comparadas as nulíparas. As concentrações de DOPAC estavam aumentadas no dia 5 após as injeções consecutivas de oPRL no grupo de primíparas comparadas às nulíparas. No dia 5, as concentrações basais de DOPAC, HVA e 5HIAA em primíparas foram significantemente maiores do que em nulíparas. Estes resultados são sugestivos que a experiência reprodutiva pode modular a atividade dopaminérgica estriatal in vivo em conseqüência a injeção de PRL e revelou uma relação entre a atividade dopaminérgica e serotoninérgica nesta região cerebral, o que pode ser sugestivo de que ambos os sistemas de neurotransmissão neste local podem ser modulados pela PRL. | Central prolactin (PRL) modulates neuronal activity, which is physiologically relevant and behaviorally meaningful. The stimulatory or inhibitory behavioral effects of exogenous PRL are strongly associated with dose and time of treatment. Central PRL injections produce a dual modulation of striatal dopaminergic responses in males. The activity of the striatal monoaminergic system can be modulated by a previous reproductive experience in females. The objective of the present study was to test in vivo the acute and 5 day-treatment effects of central PRL injections on the striatal dopaminergic and serotoninergic terminals activity in age-matched nulliparous and primiparous females. Seven primiparous and 6 nulliparous rats were stereotaxically implanted with guide cannulas into the lateral ventricle and into the contralateral striatum. Five daily intracerebroventricular injections of ovine prolactin (oPRL;10 mg/5 ml) were performed. On days 1 and 5, females were submitted to striatal microdialysis sessions. The concentrations of dopamine and serotonin metabolites in the dialysate were measured by HPLC-ED. Acute oPRL injection induced a decrease in extracellular levels only for HVA concentrations which was more intense in primiparous than in nulliparous dams. DOPAC concentrations were increased by PRL injection in primiparous compared to nulliparous dams on day 5. On this day DOPAC, HVA and 5HIAA primiparous baseline dialysate concentrations were significantly higher than in nulliparous animals. These data suggest that reproductive experience can modulate in vivo striatal dopaminergic responses to PRL and reveal a relation between striatal dopaminergic and serotoninergic responses that is suggestive of a similar PRL modulation of both neurotransmitter terminals.
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