The relation between average duodenal mast cell count, duodenal mucosal mast cell numbers, duodenal connective tissue mast cell numbers, circulating basophil numbers, heterophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and lesion score were studied to gain an understanding of the events that may lead to intestinal lesion formation associated with hemorrhagic enteritis virus (HEV) infection. Changes in vascular permeability in the duodenum in birds inoculated with HEV were examined, using colloidal carbon and ferritin as vascular markers. Turkeys inoculated with HEV had significantly (P < 0.05) higher duodenal mast cell counts than did noninfected controls. Birds inoculated with HEV had significantly (P < 0.05) more mucosal mast cells than did phosphate-buffered saline solution-inoculated birds. Connective tissue mast cell and basophil numbers were unaffected by viral inoculation. Thermal stress did not have significant effect on lesion severity, but did increase number of birds that developed the characteristic intestinal lesions. The heterophil-to-lymphocyte ratio was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in HEV-inoculated birds, compared with phosphate-buffered saline solution-inoculated controls. Increase in vascular permeability was only detected in HEV-inoculated birds with intestinal lesions. Results indicate that mast cells, and the vasoactive mediators contained within mast cells, may be important in the early manifestation of HEV infection. They also provide a possible mechanism through which biochemical and physiologic changes characteristic of HEV infection can occur.

Preventive and therapeutic effects of egg yolk antibody, immunoglobulin Y (IgY), against canine parvovirus (CPV) was evaluated in 25 pups orally challenged with CPV-2a. Oral administration of IgY using powder, paste and coated paste delivery systems was compared. Each type of IgY was administered orally for 17 days from 3 days before challenge. The group of pups administered coated IgY showed mild symptoms such as a moderate decrease in total white blood cell count, no depression, vomiting and diarrhea when compared with other groups. The overall clinical score of the group of pups administered coated IgY was significantly lower than that of the challenge control group. However, mortality did not differ among groups because not all pups received symptomatic treatment. These results implied that oral treatment of coated IgY could improve therapeutic effects against CPV challenge if pups received symptomatic treatment.

The cases of feline panleukopenia virus (FPLV) infection were diagnosed in three imported cats. All cats died within one week after mild emaciation, depression and anorexia. One cat showed yellowish watery diarrhea. At necropsy, all cats had segmental hemorrhage on the serosa and mucosa of the small intestine. Histopathologically, severe diffuse necro-hemorrhagic enteritis was observed in small intestine especially in jejunum and ileum. The crypts of Lieberkuhn were dilated and contained necrotic epithelia. Severely damaged epithelia of crypts were transformed into bizarre shapes.

There was studied the epizootic conditions on cattle rotavirus infections by the analysis of veterinary reporting of diagnostic organizations of Belarus and results of own research. Results of the data analysis about spreading of cattle rotavirus infection from 2002 for 2006 are presented. The material analysis has allowed to conclude, that annually in Belarus on rotavirus infections is registered on the average about 30 unsuccessful points. The obtained data testify that lethality for the reason of rotavirus infections makes calves from 15,9 to 32,9%. Decrease, in comparison with previous years, quantities fallen for the reason of rotavirus infections of calves testifies to purposefully spent specific preventive maintenance of the given infection, however lethality at rotavirus to an infection remains practically at one level. In the tabular form results of virology research of regional veterinary laboratory on cattle rotavirus infection on corresponding areas of Belarus are presented. From the data resulted in the table it is visible, that rotavirus allocation percent in various regions of the republic made from 9,8 to 56,7% at calves sick with enteritis. | Эпизоотическую обстановку по ротавирусной инфекции крупного рогатого скота устанавливали путем анализа ветотчетности диагностических учреждений Республики Беларусь и результатов собственных исследований. Представлены результаты анализа данных о распространении ротавирусной инфекции крупного рогатого скота за период с 2002 по 2006 годы. Анализ материала позволил заключить, что ежегодно в Республике Беларусь по ротавирусной инфекции регистрируется в среднем около 30 неблагополучных пунктов. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о том, что летальность телят по причине ротавирусной инфекции составляет от 15,9 до 32,9%. Снижение, в сравнении с предыдущими годами, количества павших по причине ротавирусной инфекции телят свидетельствует о целенаправленно проводимой специфической профилактике данной инфекции, однако летальность при ротавирусной инфекции остается практически на одном уровне. В табличной форме представлены результаты вирусологических исследований областных ветлабораторий на ротавирусную инфекцию крупного рогатого скота по соответствующим областям Республики Беларусь. Из приведенных в таблице данных видно, что процент выделения ротавируса в различных областях республики составлял от 9,8 до 56,7% у обследованных больных энтеритами телят.