BACKGROUND: The main part of ovary is consisted of follicles which certain drugs may cause change in them. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Methylphenidate on ovarian follicle of mice, treated by Ritalin before puberty. METHODS: 40 immature female mice at 3 weeks of age were divided into 4 groups, consisting of one control and 3 experimental groups. The experimental groups were gavaged by 2, 5 and 10 mg/kg methylphenidate respectively and the control group received only distilled water with the same method for 60 days. At the end of the experiment, the mice were weighed and then the serum levels of FSH and LH were assessed and structural changes of ovarian follicles and corpora lutea were studied. RESULTS: The mean difference of body weight in experimental groups compared with the control group which showed a significant reduction (p<0.05). In experimental groups compared with the control group, a significant reduction in pre enteral, enteral follicles, corpora lutea and a significant increase in atretic follicles were observed (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Ritalin intake for a long period may increase the number of atretic follicles and decrease corpora lutea, so subsequently results in reduction of the growth of follicles and oocytes as well as inducing the atypical appearance of the cells in the luteinized cells.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate use of flunixin meglumine as a treatment to postpone ovulation in mares, mare fertility after flunixin meglumine treatment during estrous cycles, and effects of flunixin meglumine on function of the corpus luteum after ovulation. ANIMALS 13 healthy mares. PROCEDURES A single-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover study was conducted. Flunixin meglumine (1.1 mg/kg, IV, q 24 h) or lactated Ringer solution (placebo treatment) was administered for 2 days to mares with a dominant follicle (≥ 35 mm in diameter) and behavioral signs of estrus. Mares then were bred by artificial insemination. Number of days to ovulation from initial detection of a follicle ≥ 30 mm in diameter, uterine edema score, and pregnancy were determined by ultrasonography; the examiner was unaware of the treatment of each mare. Serum progesterone concentrations were evaluated 5 and 12 days after ovulation by use of radioimmunoassay. RESULTS Data were available for 45 estrus cycles of the 13 mares. Number of days to ovulation from initial detection of a follicle ≥ 30 mm was not significantly affected by administration of flunixin meglumine versus the placebo. Per-cycle pregnancy rate was not significantly different between flunixin meglumine (20/24 [83%] breedings) and the placebo (13/19 [68%] breedings). Flunixin meglumine did not significantly affect behavioral signs of estrus, uterine edema, or serum progesterone concentrations. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Findings did not support the use of flunixin meglumine to postpone ovulation in mares.

This investigation was carried out to point out structural histomorphological changes that take place in the ovaries of female local rabbits at three different postnatal periods of their life that were kitten, immature and mature does. To conduct such project, 24 rabbits were collected (8 for each age) from the local breeders. Rabbits were euthanized, dissected and subsequently ovaries were collected and fixed with 10% neutral buffered formalin then subjected to routine processing such as dehydration, clearing, embedding and block preparation. Finally, sections of 6 &micro;m were prepared and stained with hematoxylin-eosin and Masson&rsquo;s trichrome stains. Gross findings showed two functional bilateral elongated triangular-shaped ovaries situated in the abdominal cavity suspended by mesovarian ligament with absence of true ovarian bursa. Microscopic findings revealed prominent structural changes in the ovaries of immature does compared to those of kittens and mature does indicated that immature does after the period of weaning face great developmental growth and changes. The data showed the presence of pre-ovulatory follicles in the mature does and no signs of ovulation because these animals are induced ovulators and that does subjected to the study were all virgin and not allowed for mating with the males.

Ovary plays a vitalrole in the reproductive biology andbiotechnology of female animals. In thisstudy, both the right and left ovaries ofthe Black Bengal goat were collected fromthe slaughter houses of different Thanasin the Mymensingh district. For each ofthe specimens, gross parameters such asweight, length and width were recorded.Then they were processed and stained withH&E for histomorphometry. This studyrevealed that the right ovary (0.53 ± 0.02g) was heavier than the left (0.52 ± 0.02 g).The length of the right ovary (1.26 ± 0.04cm) was lower than the left (1.28 ± 0.02cm) but the width of the right (0.94 ± 0.02cm) was greater than the left (0.90 ± 0.03cm). The diameter of ovarian follicles inthe cortex was measured as primordial 39.6± 6.61 µm, primary single layer 54.0 ± 4.06µm, primary multi-layer 147.6 ± 11.04 µm,secondary with C-shaped antrum 449.5 ±75.71 µm and graafian 1.3 ± 0.20 mm. Inthe graffian follicle, the thickness of thegranulosa cell layer was 79.2 ± 11.04 µm,theca interna 75.76 ± 6.82 µm, theca externa130.07 ± 12.53 µm and the oocyte diameterwas 109.8 ± 5.75 µm. These results will behelpful to manipulate ovarian functions insmall ruminants