Multiple ovulation and embryo transfer is one of the reproductivetechnologies which is important to increase animal production. In this case report, four cows were selected as donors while elevencows were selected as recipients. Both donors and recipients had undergone the same procedures and steps for multiple ovulation and embryo transfer (MOET), such as cow preparation, synchronisation and where only donor cows follow the superovulation protocol. Cows were artificially inseminated and the embryos were flushed and graded. Out of four selected cows for donor, one of them was pregnant and only two cows actuallyproduced the embryos. The recovery rate for the embryo collection was 70.1%, and from 13 embryos (including unfertilised ova), 84.6% of the embryos was classified as good quality and suitable for embryo transfer. The overall results showed that out of eight recipients, five cows were detected pregnant, a 62.5% pregnancy rate. The aim of this report is to describe the procedures aswell as the factors that affect the successful of the MOET programme.

A 2-year-old (63 days) pregnant female dachshund dog was presented to the Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex (TVCC) with complaint of a progressively growing swelling in the caudal ventral abdominal area. History, physical examination, radiography and ultrasonography confirmed an inguinal hystrocoele. A ventral midline incisionon the mass was made to relieve the foetuses and reduction of contents, and herniorrhaphy was performed. Sutures were removed on 7th post-operative day and the animal had an uneventful recovery.

Transabdominal ultrasonography has been popularly used in animal reproduction for the assessment of pregnancy status and foetal viability where as transvaginal method for pregnancy diagnosis is rarely used for pregnancy diagnosis in goats. The study was conducted in 74 Attappady Black goats from Government Goat Farm, Attappady and Livestock Research Station, Thiruvizhamkunnu to evaluate the accuracy of trans-vaginal methods and to identify the fetal characteristics from day 20 to 75. Transvaginal ultrasonographic examination was performed using endocavity transducer with frequency of 6.5 to 8 MHz. Observations were made in all the pregnant does at three different stages of pregnancy i.e., 20-35 days, 35-55 days and 55-75 days. Does were diagnosed as pregnant from the observation of gestational sac, embryo or foetus, embryonic or foetal heartbeat, placentomes or foetal skeleton. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and overall accuracy along gestation period were 98.03, 92.3, 96.15, 96 and 95.62%, respectively. It is concluded from the present study that transvaginal ultrasonography can be used for herd pregnancy diagnosis at early stages from day 20 to 45 of pregnancy diagnosis in goats.

This study was performed to investigate the reproductive performanceand spontaneous malformations of female Sprague Dawley (SD) rats obtained from the Animal Resource Unit, Institute for Medical Research for their use in reproductive toxicity assessment. Onehundred and thirty-five virgin female rats with a body weight ranging between 190 g and 210 g were randomly caged overnight with 60 fertile male rats in 1:1 basis. Vaginal smear was performed the next morning and the day of sperm positive was considered as estational day (GD) 0. On GD21 caesarean hysterectomy was performed to examine the outcome of each pregnancy. The female fertility index (sperm positive) was 90.5% and the pregnancy index was 100%. Thepercentage of pre and post-implantation loss were 1.96 and 7.48 respectively with the number of early resorption out numbered the late resorption (0.56 ± 1.0 and 0.36 ± 1.5 respectively). Out of1,234 foetuses examined, only 5 foetuses (0.41%) presented with gross congenital malformation. The female SD rats obtained from the Institute demonstrated high fertility and pregnancy indexes with lowincidence of resorption and malformation, therefore suitable to use for reproductive toxicity assessment.