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Determinação da concentração letal média e efeitos subletais da atividade AchE de Gymnotus carapo (Teleostei: Gymnotidae) exposto ao triclorfon | Determination of acute median lethal concentration and sublethal effects on AChE activity of Gymnotus carapo (Teleostei: Gymnotidae) exposed to trichlorfon Texte intégral
2020
Ferri, Giovanni Henrique | Cardoso, Israel Luz | Gil, Juliana Augusta | Jonsson, Claudio Martin | Rantin, Francisco Tadeu | Ishikawa, Márcia Mayumi
Determinação da concentração letal média e efeitos subletais da atividade AchE de Gymnotus carapo (Teleostei: Gymnotidae) exposto ao triclorfon | Determination of acute median lethal concentration and sublethal effects on AChE activity of Gymnotus carapo (Teleostei: Gymnotidae) exposed to trichlorfon Texte intégral
2020
Ferri, Giovanni Henrique | Cardoso, Israel Luz | Gil, Juliana Augusta | Jonsson, Claudio Martin | Rantin, Francisco Tadeu | Ishikawa, Márcia Mayumi
O triclorfon (TRC) é um pesticida muito utilizado na aquicultura para o controle de ectoparasitos de peixes. Este pesticida é um inibidor da acetilcolinesterase, uma enzima essencial para a finalização de impulsos nervosos. As altas concentrações utilizadas de TRC geram riscos ao meio ambiente e à saúde humana. No ambiente, os pesticidas podem afetar a fauna local e gerar um colapso ecológico. Existem vários estudos com peixes de produção, no entanto, há lacunas para peixes nativos com outros valores comerciais. A tuvira (Gymnotus carapo) é um peixe nativo da fauna brasileira e possui grande importância comercial na pesca esportiva. O presente trabalho, delineado para determinar a concentração letal de triclorfon (Masoten) em Gymnotus carapo e seus efeitos subletais na enzima AChE, avaliou a toxicidade aguda (concentrações para matar 50% dos peixes CL50) do TRC em tuviras (Gymnotus carapo) e a inibição da acetilcolinesterase no fígado e tecido muscular de tuviras. Para o ensaio agudo, foram utilizadas concentrações de 0,0, 5,0, 7,5, 15, 22,5, 30, 37,5 e 45 mg L-1 por um período de 96 horas. Após o período de exposição aguda, foi determinado uma CL50 de 6,38 mg L-1. No ensaio subletal, foram utilizadas concentrações de 0,0, 0,238, 0,438 e 0,638 mg L-1, com base em 10% do CL50, durante um período de catorze dias. Foram realizadas duas colheitas: uma aos sete dias e a outra ao final (décimo quarto dia). A inibição da acetilcolinesterase no fígado foi demonstrada apenas (p <0,05) para o tratamento com 0,638 mg L-1 após catorze dias de exposição. Aos sete dias, a atividade muscular mostrou diferença significativa apenas para os tratamentos 0,438 e 0,638 mg L-1, em comparação com o tratamento 0,238 mg L-1 e controle. Aos catorze dias de exposição, apenas o tratamento 0,638 mg L-1 apresentou diferenças significativas em relação aos demais grupos, demonstrando a recuperação enzimática. O valor encontrado no teste agudo permitiu concluir que o TRC apresenta características moderadamente tóxicas para Gymnotus carapo. Os valores dos parâmetros de toxicidade calculados no presente estudo permitiram o estabelecimento da estimativa dos limites máximos permitidos em corpos d’água quando combinados com dados de testes de outros organismos não-alvo. | Trichlorfon (TRF) is a pesticide widely used in aquaculture to control fish ectoparasites. This pesticide is an inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase, an essential enzyme for termination of nerve impulses. High rates of TRF use generate risks to the environment and human health. In the environment, pesticides can affect the local fauna and generate an ecological breakdown. There are several studies performed with fish production; however, gaps are created for native fish with other commercial values. The tuvira (Gymnotus carapo) is a fish native to Brazilian fauna and has great commercial importance in sport fishing. The present study aimed to determine the lethal concentration of trichlorfon (Masoten) in Gymnotus carapo and its sublethal effects on the enzyme AChE. In this study, the acute toxicity (the concentrations to kill 50% of the fish LC50) of TRF in tuviras (Gymnotus carapo) and acetylcholinesterase inhibition in liver and muscle tissue of tuviras submitted to sublethal concentrations were evaluated. For the acute assay, concentrations of 0.0, 5.0, 7.5, 15, 22.5, 30, 37.5 and 45 mg L-1 were used for a period of 96 h. After the acute exposure period, a LC50 of 6.38 mg L-1 was determined. In the sublethal assay, concentrations of 0.0, 0.238, 0.438 and 0.638 mg L-1 were used, based on 10% of the LC50, over a period of 14 days. Two collections were performed: one at seven days and the other at the end (day 14). Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase in the liver was only shown (p < 0.05) for the treatment with 0.638 mg L-1 after 14 days of exposure. At seven days, muscle activity showed a significant difference only for the treatments 0.438 and 0.638 mg L-1, compared with the treatment 0.238 mg L-1 and control. At 14 days of exposure, only the treatment 0.638 mg L-1 showed significant differences in relation to the other groups, thus showing that enzyme recovery had occurred. The value found in the acute test allowed the conclusion that TRF presents moderately toxic characteristics to Gymnotus carapo. The toxicity parameter values calculated in the present study assisted in estimation of maximum allowable limits in bodies of water when combined with test data from other non-target organisms.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Determination of acute median lethal concentration and sublethal effects on AChE activity of Gymnotus carapo (Teleostei: Gymnotidae) exposed to trichlorfon Texte intégral
2020
Giovanni Henrique Ferri | Israel Luz Cardoso | Juliana Augusta Gil | Claudio Martin Jonsson | Francisco Tadeu Rantin | Márcia Mayumi Ishikawa
Trichlorfon (TRF) is a pesticide widely used in aquaculture to control fish ectoparasites. This pesticide is an inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase, an essential enzyme for termination of nerve impulses. High rates of TRF use generate risks to the environment and human health. In the environment, pesticides can affect the local fauna and generate an ecological breakdown. There are several studies performed with fish production; however, gaps are created for native fish with other commercial values. The tuvira (Gymnotus carapo) is a fish native to Brazilian fauna and has great commercial importance in sport fishing. The present study aimed to determine the lethal concentration of trichlorfon (Masoten) in Gymnotus carapo and its sublethal effects on the enzyme AChE. In this study, the acute toxicity (the concentrations to kill 50% of the fish LC50) of TRF in tuviras (Gymnotus carapo) and acetylcholinesterase inhibition in liver and muscle tissue of tuviras submitted to sublethal concentrations were evaluated. For the acute assay, concentrations of 0.0, 5.0, 7.5, 15, 22.5, 30, 37.5 and 45 mg L-1 were used for a period of 96 h. After the acute exposure period, a LC50 of 6.38 mg L-1 was determined. In the sublethal assay, concentrations of 0.0, 0.238, 0.438 and 0.638 mg L-1 were used, based on 10% of the LC50, over a period of 14 days. Two collections were performed: one at seven days and the other at the end (day 14). Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase in the liver was only shown (p < 0.05) for the treatment with 0.638 mg L-1 after 14 days of exposure. At seven days, muscle activity showed a significant difference only for the treatments 0.438 and 0.638 mg L-1, compared with the treatment 0.238 mg L-1 and control. At 14 days of exposure, only the treatment 0.638 mg L-1 showed significant differences in relation to the other groups, thus showing that enzyme recovery had occurred. The value found in the acute test allowed the conclusion that TRF presents moderately toxic characteristics to Gymnotus carapo. The toxicity parameter values calculated in the present study assisted in estimation of maximum allowable limits in bodies of water when combined with test data from other non-target organisms.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Determination of acute median lethal concentration and sublethal effects on AChE activity of Gymnotus carapo (Teleostei: Gymnotidae) exposed to trichlorfon. Texte intégral
2020
FERRI, G. H. | CARDOSO, I. L. | GIL, J. A. | JONSSON, C. M. | RANTIN, F. T. | ISHIKAWA, M. M.
Níveis e degradabilidade da proteína bruta no metabolismo digestivo e desempenho de vacas leiteiras | Levels and degradability of crude protein in digestive metabolism and performance of dairy cows Texte intégral
2020
Alves, Bruna Gomes | Martins, Cristian Marlon de Magalhães Rodrigues | Sousa, Dannylo de Oliveira | Arcari, Marcos André | Rennó, Francisco Palma | Santos, Marcos Veiga
Dois experimentos foram realizados com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito do nível e da degradabilidade da proteína bruta (PB) no metabolismo digestivo e no desempenho produtivo de vacas leiteiras. Nos dois experimentos, 15 vacas da raça Holandesa com 585 ± 40 kg de peso corporal foram distribuídas em delineamento do tipo quadrado latino com cinco quadrados contemporâneos, sendo três períodos de 21 dias e três tratamentos. No experimento 1, os tratamentos consistiram de três níveis de PB (130, 160 ou 180 g CP/kg de MS), enquanto que no experimento 2, os tratamentos consistiram de três níveis de proteína degradável no rúmen (PDR; 80, 100 ou 120 g de PDR/kg MS) em dietas com média de 163 g CP/kg MS. As variáveis avaliadas nos dois experimentos foram: consumo de matéria seca (CMS), digestibilidade aparente total, produção e composição do leite (PL), fermentação ruminal e balanço de N. No experimento 1, o aumento da PB de 130 para 180 aumentou linearmente o consumo de matéria orgânica, PB, fibra detergente neutro (FDN), fibra em detergente ácido (ADF) (kg) e o aparente coeficiente de digestibilidade total de MS e PB. Além disso, foi observado um aumento linear da PL, leite corrigido para gordura (LCG) e produção diária de gordura, proteína, lactose, caseína e sólidos totais. Também foi observado aumento linear na concentração de nitrogênio amoniacal ruminal (N NH3) e excreção de nitrogênio no leite, fezes e urina. No entanto, não foi observado efeito na concentração de ácidos graxos de cadeia curta. No experimento 2, o aumento do PDR de 80 para 120 aumentou o CMS, PL, LCG, teor de proteína do leite e o coeficiente de digestibilidade do FDN, FDA e extrato etéreo. Além disso, houve aumento na concentração de N-NH3 e excreção de nitrogênio no leite. Os estudos indicaram que o aumento do teor de PB em até 100 g RDP/kg de MS aumentou o CMS e o desempenho produtivo das vacas, mas também aumentou o N urinário. Assim, é desejável que o aumento da PB através do aumento da PDR seja realizado até 100 g de PDR/kg de MS, uma vez que há eliminação de nitrogênio, diminuição da produção de leite e diminuição do ácido propiônico em valores acima desse nível. | Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of the level and degradability of crude protein (CP) on the digestive metabolism and productive performance of dairy cows. In both experiments, 15 Holstein cows with 585 ± 40 kg of body weight were distributed in a Latin square design with five contemporary squares, three periods of 21 days and three treatments. In experiment 1, treatments consisted of three CP levels (130, 160 or 180 g CP/kg DM), while in experiment 2, the treatments consisted of three levels of rumen degradable protein (RDP; 80, 100 or 120 g RDP/kg DM) in diets with average of 163 g CP/kg DM. Variables evaluated in both experiments were dry matter intake (DMI), total apparent digestibility, milk yield (MY) and composition, ruminal fermentation and N balance. In experiment 1, the increase of CP from 130 to 180 linearly increased the organic matter, CP, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) intake (kg) and the apparent total digestibility coefficient of DM and CP. In addition, a linear increase of MY, fat corrected milk (FCM) and daily production of fat, protein, lactose, casein and total solids was observed. A linear increase in ruminal ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N) concentration and nitrogen excretion in milk, feces and urine was also observed. However, there was no observed effect on SCFA concentration. In experiment 2, the increase of the RDP from 80 to 120 increased the DMI, MY, FCM, milk protein content and digestibility coefficient of the NDF, ADF and ethereal extract. Additionally, there was an increase in NH3-N concentration and milk nitrogen excretion. The studies indicated that the increase of CP content up to 100 g RDP/kg DM increased the DMI and the productive performance of the cows, but also increased urine N. Thus, it is desirable that the increase of the CP through the increase of the RDP is carried out up to 100 g of RDP/kg DM, since there is elimination of nitrogen, decrease of milk yield and decrease of propionic acid in values above that level.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Potenciais parasitos zoonóticos em fezes de cães e gatos de três praias e seus arredores da Grande Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brasil | Parasites with zoonotic potential in pets feces on the beaches of greater Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil Texte intégral
2020
Bricarello, Patrizia Ana | Silva, Alice da | Oliveira, Thailini de | Lima, Lenilza Mattos | Silva, Alice da | Oliveira, Thailini de | Lima, Lenilza Mattos
No Brasil, cães e gatos têm livre acesso em áreas públicas em algumas cidades, como praças, parques e praias, apesar de leis restritivas para sua permanência nestes locais. Animais infectados por parasitos intestinais contaminam o meio ambiente por meio de suas fezes. O presente estudo teve como objetivo verificar a ocorrência de ovos de helmintos,oocistos e cistos de protozoários em amostras de fezes de três praias da Grande Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brasil, no período de março de 2017 a abril de 2018. As amostras de fezes foram processadas pela técnica de flutuação de Willis-Mollay e pela técnica de sedimentação de Hoffman. O percentual de 47,65% de amostras positivas para helmintos ouprotozoários foi encontrado nas praias do sul da ilha de Florianópolis, na praia do Morro das Pedras a ocorrência foi de 52,78% e na do Campeche 42,86%. Na praia da Pinheira, em Palhoça, 56,66% das amostras estavam contaminadas com um ou mais parasitos zoonóticos. Os parasitos de maior ocorrência nas três praias analisadas foram os ancilostomídeos e Trichuris vulpis, seguidos de Giardia spp. e Cystoisospora spp. Amostras contendo ovos de Toxocara spp. foram colhidas na praia da Pinheira. Conclui-se que a contaminação das praias do presente estudo constitui um problema de saúde pública, tendo em vista à possibilidade de transmissão de zoonoses. Deve ser ressaltada a importância da implantação de programas sanitários para o controle de parasitas de cães e gatos e programas de conscientização e educação, a fim de reduzir a contaminação ambiental em locais públicos. | In Brazil, dogs and cats have free access in public areas in some cities, such as squares, parks and beaches, despite restrictive laws for their permanence in these places. Animals infected with intestinal parasites contaminate the environment through their feces. The present study aimed to verify the occurrence of helminth eggs, oocysts and protozoan cysts in stool samples from three beaches in Greater Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil, from March 2017 to April 2018. Stool samples were processed by the Willis-Mollay flotation technique and the Hoffman sedimentation technique. The percentage of 47.65% of positive samples for helminths or protozoa was found on the southern beaches of Florianópolis island, with an occurrence of 52.78% at Morro das Pedras Beach and 42.86% at Campeche Beach. At Pinheira beach, in Palhoça, 56.66% of the samples were contaminated with one or more zoonotic parasites. In this study, the most prevalent parasites on the three beaches analyzed were hookworms and Trichuris vulpis, followed by Giardia spp. and Cystoisospora spp. Samples containing Toxocara spp. eggs were collected at Pinheira beach. It is concluded that the contamination of the beaches in the present study constitutes a public health problem, considering the possibility of zoonoses transmission. The importance of implementing sanitary programs for the control of parasites in dogs and cats is emphasized, as well as awareness and education programs, in order to reduce environmental contamination in public places.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Hematological values for free-living great fruit-eating bats, Artibeus lituratus (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) | Perfil hematológico de morcegos frugívoros, Artibeus lituratus (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) | Perfil hematológico de murciélagos frugívoros, Artibeus lituratus (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae), de vida libre en la Estación Biológica Fiocruz Mata Atlântica, Río de Janeiro, Sudeste de Brasil Texte intégral
2020
Kuzel, Maria Alice Amaral | Tavares, Jonatas Amorim | Fernandes, Priscila do Amaral | Alves, Bruno | Costa Neto, Sócrates Fraga de | Lacorte, Caroline | Borges, Mylena de Souza | Bonna, Isabel Cristina Fábregas | Andreazzi, Cecilia Siliansky de | Moratelli, Ricardo
O presente trabalho estabeleceu o perfil hematológico de morcegos frugívoros de vida livre, A. lituratus (Phyllostomidae: Stenodermatinae). As amostragens foram realizadas de outubro de 2017 a fevereiro de 2018 em uma floresta urbana na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, Sudeste do Brasil. Machos e fêmeas apresentaram valores médios gerais semelhantes para os parâmetros analisados. Os machos apresentaram valores de eritrócitos (RBC), hematócrito e basófilos mais altos. As fêmeas apresentaram níveis mais elevados de eosinófilos que os machos. Os valores hematológicos aqui reportados servirão de referência para pesquisas sobre condições de saúde de populações de Artibeus lituratus em vida livre e de cativeiro, assim como para pesquisas sobre patógenos associados a esses morcegos. | It was provide a hematological profile of Artibeus lituratus (Phyllostomidae: Stenodermatinae). Animals were collected from October 2017 to February 2018 in an urban forest in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Southeastern Brazil. Males and females showed similar overall mean values for the parameters analyzed. Males had higher values for erythrocytes (RBC), hematocrit and basophils. Females had higher levels of eosinophils than males. The hematological values reported here will serve as reference for future research on health conditions of free-living and captive populations of Artibeus lituratus, as well as for research on pathogens associated with these bats.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Eficácia do extrato de folha de Azadirachta indica (Neem) e solução salina hipertônica como agente químico esterilizante intratesticular em cães | Efficacy of Azadirachta indica (Neem) leaf extract and hypertonic saline solution as intratesticular chemical sterilizing agents in dogs Texte intégral
2020
Ali, Moazam | Ijaz, Misbah | Manzoor, Asad | Mohy-Ud-Din, Muhammad Tahir | Hassan, Faiza | Tabassum, Rubby | Bhutta, Zeeshan Ahmad | Ali, Wajid | Mehtab, Ujala | Muneeb, Muhammad | Zafar, Muhammad Arif | Ali, Moazam | Ijaz, Misbah | Manzoor, Asad | Mohy-Ud-Din, Muhammad Tahir | Hassan, Faiza | Tabassum, Rubby | Bhutta, Zeeshan Ahmad | Ali, Wajid | Mehtab, Ujala | Muneeb, Muhammad | Zafar, Muhammad Arif
A castração consiste na indução da esterilidade por meio físico, químico ou hormonal. A castração química é uma técnica eficiente e confiável, em contraste com outros procedimentos de esterilização, pois é menos dolorosa para os métodos físicos e econômicos para os métodos hormonais. Azadirachta indica (neem), é uma planta carismática, pois possui folhas anti-inflamatórias, antimicrobianas e antiandrogênicas. Para diminuir a crescente população humana no sul da Ásia, o óleo de nim e o extrato de folhas de nim têm sido efetivamente usados como agente contraceptivo. O principal determinante deste estudo atual foi avaliar o Neem como um agente esterilizante químico (necrótico ou apoptótico) em cães injetados intratesticularmente em comparação com uma solução salina hipertônica. O tamanho da largura testicular pré e pós-injeção e as amostras de sangue para os níveis séricos de testosterona foram colhidas em dias alternados. Os resultados obtidos revelaram alterações substanciais no tamanho da largura testicular, perfil histopatológico e nível sérico de testosterona. Observou-se uma leitura não significativa (P> 0,05) da largura testicular da pré-injeção, em contraste com um aumento significativo (P <0,05) três dias após a injeção em todos os grupos competitivos. Os valores médios registrados para o tamanho da largura testicular no final do estudo via extrato de folhas de nim, HSS a 30% e grupos controle foram 27,7362 ± 2,3315 mm, 30,9594 ± 4,6861 mm e 24,5023 ± 2,5387 mm, respectivamente. Uma tendência decrescente, com relação ao nível sérico de testosterona sendo estatisticamente significante (P <0,05), foi registrada nos grupos tratados (A, B), em contraste com o grupo controle (C), pois os valores eram 1,5357 ± 0,7819ng, 1,2669 ± 0,9095ng e 2,4517 ± 0,1827ng nos grupos A, B e C, respectivamente. Os achados histopatológicos advogaram a presença de corpos apoptóticos no grupo tratado com nim, enquanto a presença de células intersticiais degeneradas, túbulos seminíferos necrosados, epitélio germinativo danificado e espermatogênese interrompida também foi estudada nos dois grupos competitivos. Assim, o efeito apoptótico e a propriedade anti-inflamatória do extrato de folhas de nim resultaram em uma castração menos dolorosa e confirmaram que a Azadirachta indica foi um melhor substituto para a castração química do que a solução salina hipertônica. | Castration refers to induced sterility via physical, chemical, or hormonal methods. Chemical castration is an efficient and reliable technique in contrast to other sterilization procedures as it is less painful to physical methods and cost‑effective to hormonal methods. Azadirachta indica (neem), is a charismatic plant as its leaves possess anti-inflammatory, anti‑microbial, and anti-androgenic chattels. To abate the escalating human population in South Asia, neem oil and neem leaf extract have been effectively used as a contraceptive agent. The key determinant of the current study was to evaluate Neem as a chemical sterilizing agent, (either necrotic or apoptotic), in dogs injected intratesticular in comparison to a hypertonic saline solution. Pre- and post-injection testicular width size and blood samples for serum testosterone levels were collected on alternative days. Results disclosed substantial changes in testicular width size, histopathological profile, and serum testosterone level. A non-significant (P > 0.05) pre-injection testicular width readings in contrast to a significant increase (P < 0.05) three days post-injection was noted in all the competitive groups. The mean values recorded for testicular width size at the end of the trial study via neem leaf extract, 30% HSS and, control groups were 27.7362 ± 2.3315mm, 30.9594 ± 4.6861mm, and 24.5023 ± 2.5387mm, respectively. A declining trend, regarding serum testosterone level being statistically significant (P < 0.05) was recorded in treated groups (A, B) in contrast to the control group (C) as the values were 1.5357 ± 0.7819ng, 1.2669 ± 0.9095ng, and 2.4517 ± 0.1827ng in groups A, B, and C, respectively. Histopathological findings advocated the presence of apoptotic bodies in the neem treated group whereas the presence of degenerated interstitial cells, necrosed seminiferous tubules, damaged germinal epithelium, and ceased spermatogenesis was also studied in both competitive groups. Thus, the apoptotic effect and anti-inflammatory property of neem leaf extract resulted in less painful castration and verified Azadirachta indica as a better substitute for chemical castration in contrast to hypertonic saline solution.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Osteologia bruta e radiografia digital da capivara comum (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris), Carl Linnaeus, 1766 para aplicação científica e clínica | Gross Osteology and digital radiography of the common Capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris), Carl Linnaeus, 1766 for scientific and clinical application Texte intégral
2020
Rosenfield, Derek Andrew | Paretsis, Nicole Fidalgo | Yanai, Priscila Rocha | Pizzutto, Cristiane Schilbach | Rosenfield, Derek Andrew | Paretsis, Nicole Fidalgo | Yanai, Priscila Rocha | Pizzutto, Cristiane Schilbach
Being able to study anatomical structures of wildlife species for science and clinical practice is of great importance. We aimed to describe the normal gross osteology of the common adult capybara Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris (Linnaeus, 1766), using macerated bone specimens and high-resolution digital radiography. The complete axial and appendicular skeleton was further compared with previously reported anatomical findings. For this purpose, we used three adult capybara cadavers (two females and one male), with a mean bodyweight of ±50 kg. Some H. hydrochaeris-specific morphological characteristics, especially in the skull region, show evidence of adaptation to aquatic life, such as an elongated head shape, with eyes, ears, and nose, located dorsally, to stay above water. Additionally, the entire bone structure demonstrates the size and weight support of the largest rodent and its adaptation with respect to foraging and locomotion behaviors. As a semi-aquatic herbivore, classified as cursorial (having limbs adapted for running), the authors believe it should be reclassified as cursorial-swimming/diving. Moreover, we argue to consider a differentiation between H. hydrochaeris silvestris to H. hydrochaeris synanthrope, due to substantial weight variation, in some cases > 100%. This inevitably has an impact on the development of bone structure, thus influencing habitual adaptation, and consequently, its clinical implications and animal handling. Radiography exams helped in the identification of bone structures, which otherwise were not observed in anatomical specimens, such as ossa sesamoidea, including the ossicle lunulae. Likewise, the radiographs were particularly helpful in overall better comprehension of the intubation and catheterization procedures. We believe this work can contribute as a reference to anatomical studies for students and professionals acting in clinic, surgery, and research. | Ser capaz de estudar estruturas anatômicas dos animais da fauna para fins científicos e prática clínica é de grande importância. Objetivamos descrever a osteologia geral normal de capivaras adultas Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris (Linnaeus, 1766), usando amostras de ossos macerados e radiologia digital de alta resolução. O esqueleto axial e apendicular foi posteriormente comparado a achados anatômicos reportados anteriormente. Para esse fim, nós utilizamos de três cadáveres de capivaras adultas (duas fêmeas e um macho) com peso médio de cerca de 50 kg. cada. Algumas características morfológicas de cavidade específicas, especialmente na região do crânio, evidenciam a adaptação à vida aquática, como o formato alongado da cabeça, com olhos, orelhas e nariz localizados dorsalmente, para permanência sobre a água. O completo desenvolvimento morfológico ósseo é evidência de tamanho e suporte de peso do maior roedor, assim como de seus hábitos de alimentação e locomoção, sendo um herbívoro semiaquático, classificado como cursório (tendo membros adaptados à corrida), caso em que os autores acreditam deveria ser reclassificado como cursorial-natação/ mergulho. Além disso, argumentamos que deve ser considerada uma diferenciação entre H. hydrochaeris silvestris e H. hydrochaeris sinantropo, devido ao fato da variação substancial de peso, em alguns casos> 100%, inevitavelmente terá um impacto no desenvolvimento da estrutura óssea, influenciando, assim, a adaptação habitual e, consequentemente, suas implicações clínicas e manejo animal. A radiografia auxiliou na correlação e identificação de estruturas ósseas que não observadas em espécimes anatômicos, como o osso sesamóide, incluindo o ossículo lunar. Ademais, as radiografias foram particularmente úteis para uma melhor compreensão geral de procedimentos de intubação e cateterização. Acreditamos que este trabalho possa contribuir como referência de estudos anatômicos para estudantes e profissionais atuantes em clínica, cirurgia e pesquisa.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Evidência de infecção intra-uterina por Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis usando Multiple-Locus Variable-number tandem-repeat Analysis:: primeiro relato na Argentina | Evidence of in utero infection by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis using Multiple-Locus Variable-number tandem-repeat Analysis:: first report in Argentina Texte intégral
2020
Vasini Rosell, Brenda | Lagleyze, Bernardo | Morsella, Claudia | Mendez, Laura | Bresky, Florencia | Gioffré, Andrea | Paolicchi, Fernando
Evidência de infecção intra-uterina por Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis usando Multiple-Locus Variable-number tandem-repeat Analysis:: primeiro relato na Argentina | Evidence of in utero infection by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis using Multiple-Locus Variable-number tandem-repeat Analysis:: first report in Argentina Texte intégral
2020
Vasini Rosell, Brenda | Lagleyze, Bernardo | Morsella, Claudia | Mendez, Laura | Bresky, Florencia | Gioffré, Andrea | Paolicchi, Fernando
Uma novilha prenha em estado clínico avançado de paratuberculose foi observada em um rebanho bovino na Argentina. O animal foi eutanasiado e foram colhidas amostras dos seus órgãos e dos órgãos feto as quais foram cultivadas para bacteriologia em meio específico. Os tecidos foram examinados por histopatologia (coloração de hematoxilina-eosina e Ziehl-Neelsen). Na histopatologia das amostras colhidas da novilha foram observadas lesões compatíveis com paratuberculose e a coloração de Ziehl-Neelsen revelou a presença de bacilos álcool-ácido resistentes, nos tecidos fetais não foram observadas lesões, porém a coloração de Ziehl-Neelsen revelou a presença de bacilos álcool-ácido resistentes. Após o crescimento em meio específico, as colônias foram positivas para o teste IS900-PCR nos tecidos de ambos, vaca e feto, confirmando a presença de Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. Por fim, os isolados foram tipados por Multiple-Locus Variable-number tandem-repeat Analysis, confirmando a relação epidemiológicaentre eles. Este estudo relata a primeira detecção de Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis na Argentina em que houve o compartilhamento de um tipo idêntico de MLVA em uma vaca prenhe e no seu feto. Os resultados deste estudo são consistentes com relatos anteriores e destacam a transmissão intra-uterina de Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis como importante fonte de infecção nos rebanhos de bovinos. | A pregnant heifer with an advanced clinical stage of paratuberculosis was reported in a herd in Argentina. Thus, the animal was euthanized and samples of organs of the cow and its fetus was taken and cultured for bacteriology in specific medium. Tissues were analyzed by histopathology (hematoxylin-eosin and Ziehl-Neelsen staining). Histopathological analysis of the cow’s samples revealed the presence of lesions consistent with paratuberculosis, and Ziehl-Neelsen staining revealed the presence of acid-fast bacilli, whereas the fetal tissues showed absence of lesions but the presence of acid-fast bacilli by Ziehl-Neelsen staining. After growing in specific medium, colonies in tissues from both cow and fetus were positive for IS900-PCR, confirming the presence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP). Finally, the isolates were typed by Multiple-Locus Variable-number tandem-repeat Analysis (MLVA), which confirmedthe epidemiological link between them. This study is the first in Argentina to report the detection of MAP that shares an identical MLVA type in a pregnant cow and its fetus. The results of this study are consistent with previous reports and highlight the intra-uterine transmission of MAP as an important source of infection within herds.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Evidence of in utero infection by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis using Multiple-Locus Variable-number tandem-repeat Analysis: Texte intégral
2020
Brenda Vasini Rosell | Bernardo Lagleyze | Claudia Morsella | Laura Mendez | Florencia Bresky | Andrea Gioffré | Fernando Paolicchi
A pregnant heifer with an advanced clinical stage of paratuberculosis was reported in a herd in Argentina. Thus, the animal was euthanized and samples of organs of the cow and its fetus was taken and cultured for bacteriology in specific medium. Tissues were analyzed by histopathology (hematoxylin-eosin and Ziehl-Neelsen staining). Histopathological analysis of the cow’s samples revealed the presence of lesions consistent with paratuberculosis, and Ziehl-Neelsen staining revealed the presence of acid-fast bacilli, whereas the fetal tissues showed absence of lesions but the presence of acid-fast bacilli by Ziehl-Neelsen staining. After growing in specific medium, colonies in tissues from both cow and fetus were positive for IS900-PCR, confirming the presence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP). Finally, the isolates were typed by Multiple-Locus Variable-number tandem-repeat Analysis (MLVA), which confirmed the epidemiological link between them. This study is the first in Argentina to report the detection of MAP that shares an identical MLVA type in a pregnant cow and its fetus. The results of this study are consistent with previous reports and highlight the intra-uterine transmission of MAP as an important source of infection within herds.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Avaliação da dor e estresse pós-operatórios em cadelas mantidas em ambiente hospitalar submetidas à ovariohisterectomia eletiva | Evaluation of post-operative pain and stress in dogs after elective ovariohysterectomy under hospitalization Texte intégral
2020
Santana, Nathália Gonçalves de | Malm, Christina | Maia, Mariana Zanini | Megda, Tábata | Beier, Suzane Lilian | Mamão, Leonardo Dias | Franco, Thaíssa Castro
Avaliação da dor e estresse pós-operatórios em cadelas mantidas em ambiente hospitalar submetidas à ovariohisterectomia eletiva | Evaluation of post-operative pain and stress in dogs after elective ovariohysterectomy under hospitalization Texte intégral
2020
Santana, Nathália Gonçalves de | Malm, Christina | Maia, Mariana Zanini | Megda, Tábata | Beier, Suzane Lilian | Mamão, Leonardo Dias | Franco, Thaíssa Castro
Os procedimentos cirúrgicos em animais de companhia são geralmente associados a algum grau de dor e estresse e a hospitalização é um dos fatores que predispõem ao estresse. O presente estudo teve o objetivo de avaliar o grau de estresse e dor durante a internação de cadelas submetidas à ovariohisterectomia eletiva (OVH) e investigar a influência da hospitalização sobre o estresse nestes animais. Quinze cadelas adultas jovens e mestiças foram divididas em dois grupos: oito animais não submetidos à cirurgia (Grupo 1 - controle) e sete animais submetidos à OVH (Grupo 2 - OVH). Dor e estresse foram avaliados. Foram utilizadas a escala visual analógica (EVA), escala descritiva simples (EDS) e escala de dor de Glasgow modificada (EDGM). A glicose (mg/dL) e o cortisol (μg/dL) séricos foram mensurados. Não houve diferença estatística do cortisol (μg/dL) entre os grupos. Entretanto, os valores médios de cortisol (μg/dL) excederam àqueles considerados normais para a espécie canina em vários períodos avaliados. A hiperglicemia foi observada em T4 no grupo OVH. Concluiu-se que a hospitalização dos animais foi mais relevante na ocorrência do estresse do que o procedimento cirúrgico e a dor associada a ele. Desta forma, a influência do estresse foi um fator relevante nos resultados das avaliações realizadas com a escala de dor de Glasgow modificada. | Surgical procedures in pet animals are usually associated with some degree of stress and pain. Hospitalization is one stress-triggering factor. The present study aimed to evaluate the degree of stress and pain during hospitalization of female dogs submitted to elective ovariohysterectomy (OVH) and to investigate the influence of hospitalization on the stress of these animals. Fifteen young adult crossbreed female dogs were divided into two groups: eight animals without surgery (Group 1 - control) and seven animals submitted to surgery (Group 2 - OVH). Pain and stress were evaluated. Visual analogue scale (VAS), simple descriptive pain scale (SDS) and modified Glasgow pain scale (MGPS) were used. Serum cortisol (μg/dL) and glucose (mg/dl) were also measured. No statistical difference was observed for cortisol (μg/dL) between the two groups. Despite the absence of statistical difference between groups and times, mean serum cortisol (μg/dL) values exceeded the normal values for the canine species at various times evaluated. Hyperglycemia was only observed at T4 in the OVH group. It was concluded that the hospitalization of animals was more relevant in the establishment of stress than the surgical procedure and associated pain. The influence of stress was a relevant factor in the results of assessments carried out using the MGPS.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Evaluation of post-operative pain and stress in dogs after elective ovariohysterectomy under hospitalization Texte intégral
2020
Nathália Gonçalves de Santana | Christina Malm | Mariana Zanini Maia | Tábata Megda | Suzane Lilian Beier | Leonardo Dias Mamão | Thaíssa Castro Franco
Surgical procedures in pet animals are usually associated with some degree of stress and pain. Hospitalization is one stress-triggering factor. The present study aimed to evaluate the degree of stress and pain during hospitalization of female dogs submitted to elective ovariohysterectomy (OVH) and to investigate the influence of hospitalization on the stress of these animals. Fifteen young adult crossbreed female dogs were divided into two groups: eight animals without surgery (Group 1 - control) and seven animals submitted to surgery (Group 2 - OVH). Pain and stress were evaluated. Visual analogue scale (VAS), simple descriptive pain scale (SDS) and modified Glasgow pain scale (MGPS) were used. Serum cortisol (μg/dL) and glucose (mg/dl) were also measured. No statistical difference was observed for cortisol (μg/dL) between the two groups. Despite the absence of statistical difference between groups and times, mean serum cortisol (μg/dL) values exceeded the normal values for the canine species at various times evaluated. Hyperglycemia was only observed at T4 in the OVH group. It was concluded that the hospitalization of animals was more relevant in the establishment of stress than the surgical procedure and associated pain. The influence of stress was a relevant factor in the results of assessments carried out using the MGPS.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Soroprevalência de Brucella ovis, Brucella lisa, leptospirose, toxoplasmose e Maedi-Visna em ovinos abatidos em Minas Gerais, Brasil | Seroprevalence of Brucella ovis-epididymitis, smooth-Brucella, leptospirosis, toxoplasmosis, and Maedi-Visna in sheep slaughtered in Minas Gerais State, Brazil Texte intégral
2020
Dorneles, Elaine Maria Seles | Guimarães, Alessandro Sá | Gouveia, Aurora Maria Gumarães | Coura, Fernanda Morcatti | Carmo, Filipe Borges | Pauletti, Rebeca Barbosa | Azevedo, Vasco | Lilenbaum, Walter | Vitor, Ricardo Wagner Almeida | Pinheiro, Raymundo Rizaldo | Ferreira, Amanda Carvalho Rosado | Dasso, Mauricio Gauterio | Lage, Andrey Pereira | Heinemann, Marcos Bryan
Soroprevalência de Brucella ovis, Brucella lisa, leptospirose, toxoplasmose e Maedi-Visna em ovinos abatidos em Minas Gerais, Brasil | Seroprevalence of Brucella ovis-epididymitis, smooth-Brucella, leptospirosis, toxoplasmosis, and Maedi-Visna in sheep slaughtered in Minas Gerais State, Brazil Texte intégral
2020
Dorneles, Elaine Maria Seles | Guimarães, Alessandro Sá | Gouveia, Aurora Maria Gumarães | Coura, Fernanda Morcatti | Carmo, Filipe Borges | Pauletti, Rebeca Barbosa | Azevedo, Vasco | Lilenbaum, Walter | Vitor, Ricardo Wagner Almeida | Pinheiro, Raymundo Rizaldo | Ferreira, Amanda Carvalho Rosado | Dasso, Mauricio Gauterio | Lage, Andrey Pereira | Heinemann, Marcos Bryan
O presente estudo teve como objetivo estimar a prevalência de anticorpos contra Brucella ovis (epididimite ovina), Brucella lisa, leptospirose, toxoplasmose e Maedi-visna em ovinos abatidos em Minas Gerais, Brasil, e estudar sua ocorrência simultânea, incluindo linfadenite caseosa, nos ovinos e nos rebanhos. O estudo foi realizado em um abatedouro de ovinos com Serviço de Inspeção Federal. Soros de 594 animais de 21 rebanhos foram coletados, em 2007. A imunodifusão em gel de ágar (IDGA) foi empregada para detectar anticorpos anti-B. ovis e anticorpos anti-Maedi Visna, enquanto o teste do antígeno acidificado tamponado (AAT) e o teste de 2-mercaptoetanol (2ME) foram utilizados para testar anticorpos anti-Brucella lisa. Para a detecção de anticorpos anti-Leptospira, os soros foram examinados pelo teste de aglutinação microscópica (MAT), enquanto que para a detecção de anticorpos IgG para Toxoplasma gondii, foi usado o ELISA. A prevalência de anticorpos anti-Brucella lisa, B. ovis, Leptospira spp., toxoplasmose e Maedi-Visna encontrados em ovinos de Minas Gerais foi de 0,00%, 24,04%, 25,96%, 10,46% e 3,08%, respectivamente; enquanto a soroprevalência em rebanhos foi de 0,00%, 80,95%, 90,48%, 71,43% e 23,81%, respectivamente. Além disso, quando dados de anticorpos anti-Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, previamente obtidos, foram incluídos, cerca de 60% dos rebanhos apresentaram animais expostos a quatro ou mais dos agentes estudados. No entanto, apenas 25,47% dos ovinos exibiram simultaneamente anticorpos contra mais de um patógeno. Assim, os dados do presente estudo sobre ovinos abatidos em Minas Gerais, Brasil, mostram que ausência de anticorpos anti-Brucella lisa e baixa frequência de anticorpos anti-Maedi Visna, e uma soroprevalência alta e generalizada de B. ovis, Leptospira spp. e T. gondii entre animais e rebanhos. | The present study aimed to estimate the prevalence of antibodies against Brucella ovis-epididymitis, smooth-Brucella, leptospirosis, toxoplasmosis and Maedi-visna in sheep slaughtered in Minas Gerais, Brazil and to study their simultaneous occurrence, including caseous lymphadenitis, at sheep and flock levels. The study was conducted at a sheep slaughterhouse with Federal Inspection Service. Sera from 594 animals from 21 flocks were collected, in 2007. The agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) was employed to detect anti-B. ovis and anti-Maedi Visna antibodies, whereas Rose Bengal (RB) and the 2-mercaptoethanol test (2ME) were used to test anti-smooth Brucella antibodies. For the detection of anti-Leptospira antibodies, sera were examined by microscopic agglutination test (MAT), while for the detection of IgG antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii ELISA was used. Prevalence of antibodies against smooth Brucella, B. ovis-epididimitis, Leptospira spp., toxoplasmosis and Maedi-Visna found in sheep from Minas Gerais was 0.00%, 24.04%, 25.96%, 10.46% and 3.08%, respectively; whereas the seroprevalence in flocks was 0.00%, 80.95%, 90.48%, 71.43% and 23.81%, respectively. Moreover, when data on antibodies anti-Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, previously obtained, were included, about 60% of the flocks showed animals that were exposed to four or more of the studied agents. However, only 25.47% of the sheep exhibited simultaneously antibodies against more than one pathogen. Thus, data from the present study on sheep slaughtered in Minas Gerais, Brazil, showed no antibodies to smooth-Brucella and a low frequency of antibodies anti-Maedi Visna lentivirus, and a high and widespread seroprevalence of B. ovis, Leptospira spp., and T. gondii among animals and flocks.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Seroprevalence of Brucella ovis-epididymitis, smooth-Brucella, leptospirosis, toxoplasmosis, and Maedi-Visna in sheep slaughtered in Minas Gerais State, Brazil Texte intégral
2020
Elaine Maria Seles Dorneles | Alessandro Sá Guimarães | Aurora Maria Gumarães Gouveia | Fernanda Morcatti Coura | Filipe Borges Carmo | Rebeca Barbosa Pauletti | Vasco Azevedo | Walter Lilenbaum | Ricardo Wagner Almeida Vitor | Raymundo Rizaldo Pinheiro | Amanda Carvalho Rosado Ferreira | Mauricio Gauterio Dasso | Andrey Pereira Lage | Marcos Bryan Heinemann
The present study aimed to estimate the prevalence of antibodies against Brucella ovis-epididymitis, smooth-Brucella, leptospirosis, toxoplasmosis and Maedi-visna in sheep slaughtered in Minas Gerais, Brazil and to study their simultaneous occurrence, including caseous lymphadenitis, at sheep and flock levels. The study was conducted at a sheep slaughterhouse with Federal Inspection Service. Sera from 594 animals from 21 flocks were collected, in 2007. The agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) was employed to detect anti-B. ovis and anti-Maedi Visna antibodies, whereas Rose Bengal (RB) and the 2-mercaptoethanol test (2ME) were used to test anti-smooth Brucella antibodies. For the detection of anti-Leptospira antibodies, sera were examined by microscopic agglutination test (MAT), while for the detection of IgG antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii ELISA was used. Prevalence of antibodies against smooth Brucella, B. ovis-epididimitis, Leptospira spp., toxoplasmosis and Maedi-Visna found in sheep from Minas Gerais was 0.00%, 24.04%, 25.96%, 10.46% and 3.08%, respectively; whereas the seroprevalence in flocks was 0.00%, 80.95%, 90.48%, 71.43% and 23.81%, respectively. Moreover, when data on antibodies anti-Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, previously obtained, were included, about 60% of the flocks showed animals that were exposed to four or more of the studied agents. However, only 25.47% of the sheep exhibited simultaneously antibodies against more than one pathogen. Thus, data from the present study on sheep slaughtered in Minas Gerais, Brazil, showed no antibodies to smooth-Brucella and a low frequency of antibodies anti-Maedi Visna lentivirus, and a high and widespread seroprevalence of B. ovis, Leptospira spp., and T. gondii among animals and flocks.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Seroprevalence of Brucella ovis-epididymitis, smooth-Brucella, leptospirosis, toxoplasmosis, and Maedi-Visna in sheep slaughtered in Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Texte intégral
2020
DORNELES, E. M. S. | GUIMARÃES, A. S. | GOUVEIA, A. M. G. | COURA, F. M. | CARMO, F. B. do | PAULETTI, R. B. | AZEVEDO, V. | LILENBAUM, W. | VITOR, V. de A. | PINHEIRO, R. R. | FERREIRA, A. C. R. | DASSO, M. G. | LAGE, A. P. | HEINEMANN, M. B. | ELAINE MARIA SELES DORNELES, Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA) Lavras - MG, Brazil; ALESSANDRO DE SA GUIMARAES, CNPGL; AURORA MARIA GUIMARÃES GOUVEIA, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) - Belo Horizonte - MG, Brazil; FERNANDA MORCATTI COURA, Instituto Federal Minas Gerais (IFMG) - Bambuí - MG, Brazil; FILIPE BORGES DO CARMO, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) - Belo Horizonte - MG, Brazil; REBECA BARBOSA PAULETTI, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) - Belo Horizonte - MG, Brazil; VASCO AZEVEDO, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) - Belo Horizonte - MG, Brazil; WALTER LILENBAUM, Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFL) - Niterói - RJ, Brazil; RICARDO WAGNER DE ALMEIDA VITOR; RAYMUNDO RIZALDO PINHEIRO, CNPC; AMANDA CARVALHO ROSADO FERREIRA, Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA) Lavras - MG, Brazil; MAURÍCIO GAUTÉRIO DASSO, Instituto de Pesquisas Veterinárias Desidério Finamor - Eldorado do Sul - RS, Brazil; ANDREY PEREIRA LAGE, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) - Belo Horizonte - MG, Brazil; MARCOS BRYAN HEINEMANN, Universidade de São Paulo (USP) - São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Abstract: The present study aimed to estimate the prevalence of antibodies against Brucella ovis-epididymitis, smooth-Brucella, leptospirosis, toxoplasmosis and Maedi-visna in sheep slaughtered in Minas Gerais, Brazil and to study their simultaneous occurrence, including caseous lymphadenitis, at sheep and flock levels. The study was conducted at a sheep slaughterhouse with Federal Inspection Service. Sera from 594 animals from 21 flocks were collected, in 2007. The agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) was employed to detect anti-B. ovis and anti-Maedi Visna antibodies, whereas Rose Bengal (RB) and the 2-mercaptoethanol test (2ME) were used to test anti-smooth Brucella antibodies. For the detection of anti-Leptospiraantibodies, sera were examined by microscopic agglutination test (MAT), while for the detection of IgG antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii ELISA was used. Prevalence of antibodies against smooth Brucella, B. ovis-epididimitis, Leptospiraspp., toxoplasmosis and Maedi-Visna found in sheep from Minas Gerais was 0.00%, 24.04%, 25.96%, 10.46% and 3.08%, respectively; whereas the seroprevalence in flocks was 0.00%, 80.95%, 90.48%, 71.43% and 23.81%, respectively. Moreover, when data on antibodies anti-Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, previously obtained, were included, about 60% of the flocks showed animals that were exposed to four or more of the studied agents. However, only 25.47% of the sheep exhibited simultaneously antibodies against more than one pathogen. Thus, data from the present study on sheep slaughtered in Minas Gerais, Brazil, showed no antibodies to smooth-Brucella and a low frequency of antibodies anti-Maedi Visna lentivirus, and a high and widespread seroprevalence of B. ovis, Leptospira spp., and T. gondii among animals and flocks [Soroprevalência de Brucella ovis, Brucella lisa, leptospirose, toxoplasmose e Maedi-Visna em ovinos abatidos em Minas Gerais, Brasil]. Resumo: O presente estudo teve como objetivo estimar a prevalência de anticorpos contra Brucella ovis (epididimite ovina), Brucellalisa, leptospirose, toxoplasmose e Maedi-visna em ovinos abatidos em Minas Gerais, Brasil, e estudar sua ocorrência simultânea, incluindo linfadenite caseosa, nos ovinos e nos rebanhos. O estudo foi realizado em um abatedouro de ovinos com Serviço de Inspeção Federal. Soros de 594 animais de 21 rebanhos foram coletados, em 2007. A imunodifusão em gel de ágar (IDGA) foi empregada para detectar anticorpos anti-B. ovis e anticorpos anti-Maedi Visna, enquanto o teste do antígeno acidificado tamponado (AAT) e o teste de 2-mercaptoetanol (2ME) foram utilizados para testar anticorpos anti-Brucella lisa. Para a detecção de anticorpos anti-Leptospira, os soros foram examinados pelo teste de aglutinação microscópica (MAT), enquanto que para a detecção de anticorpos IgG para Toxoplasma gondii, foi usado o ELISA. A prevalência de anticorpos anti-Brucella lisa, B. ovis, Leptospira spp., toxoplasmose e Maedi-Visna encontrados em ovinos de Minas Gerais foi de 0,00%, 24,04%, 25,96%, 10,46% e 3,08%, respectivamente; enquanto a soroprevalência em rebanhos foi de 0,00%, 80,95%, 90,48%, 71,43% e 23,81%, respectivamente. Além disso, quando dados de anticorpos anti-Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, previamente obtidos, foram incluídos, cerca de 60% dos rebanhos apresentaram animais expostos a quatro ou mais dos agentes estudados. No entanto, apenas 25,47% dos ovinos exibiram simultaneamente anticorpos contra mais de um patógeno. Assim, os dados do presente estudo sobre ovinos abatidos em Minas Gerais, Brasil, mostram que ausência de anticorpos anti-Brucella lisa e baixa frequência de anticorpos anti-Maedi Visna, e uma soroprevalência alta e generalizada de B. ovis, Leptospira spp. e T. gondii entre animais e rebanhos.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Detecção molecular e prevalência de teileriose equina em cavalos árabes na província de Al-Najaf/Iraque | Molecular detection and occurrence of equine theileriosis in Arabian horses in Al-Najaf province/Iraq Texte intégral
2020
Al-Rammahi, Hayder Mohammad | Hatem, Abdulameer Abed | Al-Atabi, Asaad Chasib
Detecção molecular e prevalência de teileriose equina em cavalos árabes na província de Al-Najaf/Iraque | Molecular detection and occurrence of equine theileriosis in Arabian horses in Al-Najaf province/Iraq Texte intégral
2020
Al-Rammahi, Hayder Mohammad | Hatem, Abdulameer Abed | Al-Atabi, Asaad Chasib
Este estudo foi desenvolvido para detectar piroplasmose equina usando a técnica molecular na província de Al-Najaf durante o período do ano com maior ocorrência de carrapatos. Foram coletadas amostras de sangue de 110 cavalos que apresentaram mais de dois sinais de piroplasmose. Após a extração do DNA, o produto foi examinado por reação em cadeia da polimerase para amplificar o 18SrRNA. Os resultados mostraram que a porcentagem geral de teileriose equina foi de 38, 18%. De acordo com o sexo, o percentual de infecção foi 43,48% e 29,27% no sexo feminino e masculino, respectivamente. Apareceram variações significativas entre os cavalos infectados de acordo com a idade, e a porcentagem de infecção foi 50% e 35,22% em menos de 2 anos e mais de 2 anos, respectivamente. Além disso, as porcentagens de infecção foram 62, 5% e 19, 35% em animais com e sem acariasis, respectivamente. Também foram observadas variações significativas na teileriose dos equídeos, de acordo com as áreas geográficas, e o maior percentual foi relatado no distrito de Hera (60, 87%), enquanto o menor percentual foi no centro de Al-Najaf (21,43%). Essa diferença pode ser devido à distribuição diferente do vetor da doença (carrapato), que pode ser a disponibilidade do clima adequado que ajuda na multiplicação dos vetores intermediários. Em conclusão, este estudo provou as variações nas ocorrências de piroplasmose eqüina de acordo com sexo, idade e áreas geográficas. | This study was designed to detect equine piroplasmosis using the molecular technique in Al-Najaf province during the season that showed an increment in tick activities. Blood samples were collected from 110 horses with more than two signs of piroplasmosis. After DNA extraction, the product was examined by a polymerase chain reaction to amplify 18SrRNA. The results showed that the overall percentage of equine theileriosis was 38.18%. According to gender, the percentage of infection was 43.48% and 29.27% in females and males, respectively. Significant variations appeared between infected horses according to age, and the percentage of infection was 50% and 35.22% in less than 2 years and more than 2 years age, respectively. Moreover, the percentage of infection was 62.5% and 19.35% in animals with and without acariasis, respectively. Significant variations were also seen in equine theileriosis according to geographical areas, and the higher percentage was reported in Hera district (60.87%), while the lowest percentage was in the center of Al-Najaf (21.43%). This difference may be due to different distribution of vector of disease (tick), which may be the availability of the suitable weather that helped in the multiplication of the intermediate vectors. In conclusion, this study proved the variations in the occurrences of equine piroplasmosis according to gender, age, and geographical areas.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Molecular detection and occurrence of equine theileriosis in Arabian horses in Al-Najaf province/Iraq Texte intégral
2020
Hayder Mohammad Al-Rammahi, HMAL | Abdulameer Abed Hatem | Asaad Chasib Al-Atabi | Karima Akool Al Salihi
This study was designed to detect equine piroplasmosis using the molecular technique in Al-Najaf province during the season that showed an increment in tick activities. Blood samples were collected from 110 horses with more than two signs of piroplasmosis. After DNA extraction, the product was examined by a polymerase chain reaction to amplify 18SrRNA. The results showed that the overall percentage of equine theileriosis was 38.18%. According to gender, the percentage of infection was 43.48% and 29.27% in females and males, respectively. Significant variations appeared between infected horses according to age, and the percentage of infection was 50% and 35.22% in less than 2 years and more than 2 years age, respectively. Moreover, the percentage of infection was 62.5% and 19.35% in animals with and without acariasis, respectively. Significant variations were also seen in equine theileriosis according to geographical areas, and the higher percentage was reported in Hera district (60.87%), while the lowest percentage was in the center of Al-Najaf (21.43%). This difference may be due to different distribution of vector of disease (tick), which may be the availability of the suitable weather that helped in the multiplication of the intermediate vectors. In conclusion, this study proved the variations in the occurrences of equine piroplasmosis according to gender, age, and geographical areas.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]