We have studied pharmacokinetics of a new anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) agent VP-0501 and its amino acid prodrug VP-0501AL which is designed to improve oral bioavailability. After oral administration at 100 mg/kg dose in rats (n=4), VP-0501 was not detectable in plasma (less than 50 ng/ml), while after the administration of VP-0501AL, VP-0501 was quantitatively detected, at least for 8 hrs, with Cmax of ca. 2.5 μg/ml and AUC of 8 hr*μg/ml.

Generally known psittacosis or ornithosis is a disease of birds caused by the bacterium Chlamydia psittaci. Humans are accidential hosts and are most commonly infected from avian sources. It raises hepatitis or neurosis. As major outer membrane protein (MOMP) of Chlamydia psittai has been known to play a role in the avoidance of host immune defenses, research on developing a Chlamydia vaccine has focused on the MOMP. In this study, the gene encoding the major outer membrane protein (MOMP) of the Chlamydia psittaci strain 6BC was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli Strain M-15.

Iridovirus is an icosahedral cytoplasmic double-stranded DNA virus with a genome size of 170-200kb. Outbreaks of fish iridovirus infection are characterized by their wide geographic distribution and broad host spectrum, especially in water temperatures of 22-27℃ Recently, the causative agent of high mortalities in flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) was identified as fish iridovirus in Korea. Iridoviral infection repeatedly occurs in the same area for long periods, suggesting the possibility of viral infection in nursery.

This paper describes the slaughter check results of breeding pigs from the Korean Swine Testing Station for the control of endemic diseases. Gross lesions monitored in the present study included those conditions commonly associated with economically significant subclinical herd infections enzootic pneumonia, pleuropnemonia, pleuritis, atrophic rhinitis, liver white spots, papular dermatitis and ileitis. A total of 128 slaughter pigs were investigated at 4 subsequent tests according to the slaughter check procedures established.

Vitellogenin (Vtg), a phospholipoglycoprotein precursor of egg yolk is synthesized and secreted from the liver in response to estrogens in femals fish. Vtg is normally undetectable in the blood of male fish, but can be induced by exposure to chemicals possessing estrogenic activity. Thus, the presence of Vtg in blood of male fish can serve as a useful biomarker for assessing previous exposure to estrogenic compounds. In the present study, Vtg was abnormally expressed in Rhynchocypris oxycephalus using estradiol benzoate (E₂).

A 6-month-old thoroughbred filly foal had torticollis and circled towards the right side. A local veterinarian treated her twice using dexamethasone for 1 week but there was little clinical improvement. Needles were inserted into Ting points of both hind limb and one ocular acupoint (shang jiao area from GB01). Injection acupuncture (dexamethasone, twice/week) was used at GV16, GB20, BL10 and LU07, for the neck and head. Acupoint GB34 was added to those points at session 4. In addition, a trigger point in the left neck was injected with 0.2 ml (200 μg of apitoxin) of bee-venom diluted with 1 ml of 2% lidocaine from session 1 to session 3.

To evaluate method for monitoring anesthetic both with quantitative electroencephalography (q-EEG), we recorded processed EEG (raw EEG) and pain till 100 minutes in beagle dogs anesthetized for 60 minutes with propofol (n=5, PRO group), isoflurane (n=5, ISO group) and propofol-ketamine-fentanyl (n=5, PEK group). Raw EEG was converted into 95% spectral edge frequency (SEF) by fast Fourier transformation (FFT) method. We investigated anesthetic depth by comparing relationship (Pearson's correlation) between q-EEG (95% SEF) and pain score.

A 3-month-old, 2.8 kg, female Cocker spaniel was presented with chronic history of dysphagia since weaning. Video fluoroscopic examination revealed swallowing problems in the upper esophageal sphincters. It was diagnosed as cricopharyngeal achalasia. Cricopharyngeal and thyropharyngeal myectomy was performed. One day after surgical management, normal swallowing movement was observed in the video fluoroscopic examination of the dog. There was no evidence of recurrence for 15 months.

This case was found in Holstein cow suffering from dystocia. The twin calves in uterus were dead and removed by fetotomy. Gross anatomical analysis of thoracopagus siamese calf was carried out. Two normal heads were present on two necks, however, the twins were fused in the thoracic region. There were four forelimbs and an abnormal orientation of ribs. Two separate vertebral columns along the length of the animal ended with two tails. A single pericardium lay on the midline when opening the thorax.

This paper described the epidemiological characteristics of 2002 outbreak of classical swine fever (CSF) in Korea. A total of thirteen CSF-infected farms could be classified into two clusters according to the location and time of outbreak. Two farms located in the same county of Gangwon province and 11 farms located in several different districts of Incheon metropolitan/Gyeonggi province were identified as CSF-infected from April 16 to 30 and from October 7 to December 21 in December 21 in 2002, respectively.