A study was conducted  at Institute of Poultry Production and Management (IPPM), Madhavaram Milk colony, Chennai-51.Three hundred and sixty (360) day-old straight run Nandanam broiler - 2 chicks were individually weighed, wing banded and randomly assigned to three different dietary treatments with two replicates  and reared on deep litter system for a period of 8 weeks. The results showed that supplementation of muti-enzyme at the rate of 500g per ton of feed (T2) in Nandanam broiler-2 ration were significantly higher (P<0.01) than control in weight gain of 2nd, 8th  and 0-8 week of age. The feed consumption and feed conversion efficiency was significantly higher (P<0.01) in control compared to treatment. The livability was highly significant (P<0.01) in T3 than control. The carcass characteristics of live weight, heart, eviscerated, giblet and ready-to-cook weight did not show any significant difference in treatment group than control. The cut-up parts of breast yield were highly significant (P<0.01) in T2 than control. The drumstick yield was significantly higher (P<0.01) in control than treatments. The cut-up-parts of back, thigh, neck and wing did not show any significant difference in treatment than the control, but the value was better in enzyme treated group. It was concluded that the production performance was better in supplementation of multi – enzyme at the rate of 500g/ ton of feed and carcass traits was not significantly different between the treatments.

Length-Weight relationship was studied in Oreochromis niloticus niloticus, for a period of nine months from September 2012 to May 2013. The slope value (b) estimated for O. niloticus niloticus of both sexes was found to be 2.3133. The regression equations calculated for female was Log W = -3.4168 + 2.3133 Log L. The correlations coefficient was found to be significant (P<0.01). The significant difference between sexes of the species ‘F’ value was at 1% level. The b value differed from the ideal cube law of ‘3’ as is with the case of length-weight relationship studied in this species else where. The slope value was compared here could be very useful for comparison with the tilapia species in other geographical locations.

A new record of Axiidae off Thoothukudi coast of Gulf of Mannar, southeast coast of India is reported. Axiopsis consobrina species were newly recorded from Indian waters. The present species (Axiopsis consobrina) are recorded from Thoothukudi coast of Gulf of Mannar, southeast coast of India. One specimen was caught at the depth of 310 m as an incidental by-catch. It was found in tropical waters from about 08º 53.6’N 78º 16’E and 08º 53.8’N 78º 32’E/310m from Thoothukudi fishing harbour, southeast coast of India.  

Abnormalities in size and growth has been observed in the young ones of angel fish (Pterophyllum scalare) of the same brood. Morphological measurements confirm the abnormalities in the affected specimens. As per the reports available, methylene blue treatment during the early life stages may have a teratogenic effect which led to such conditions in angel fish.  

The study was structured to find out the seasonal influences on birth of piglets in tropical condition with the objective of probability in the birth of male and female piglets from 80 farrowing records for the period from 2017 to 2021. Depending on the season, male piglets are in more demand since they have to anticipate the demand for meat during festivals and other annual events. The parameters studied from farrowing records are litter size at birth and at weaning (42nd day). From this study, highest probability of male piglets were born during south west monsoon season where as the female piglets were born during winter season however, the pooled sex of piglets were born highest in winter season. It could be useful to the farmers who are in need of piglets for either meat production or breeding purpose.

The present study was conducted to study the effect of dietary supplementation of vitamin C and nano vitamin C on the serum biochemical profile of Japanese quail during the summer season. The experiment was carried out on 96 day-old Japanese quail chicks which were divided randomly into three treatment groups. Each treatment contained two replicates with sixteen birds per replicate. The experiment was carried out for a period of six weeks during the summer season in May and June. Feed and water were provided ad libitum to study the effect of the inclusion of vitamin C (200 mg/kg) and nano vitamin C (20 mg/kg) on serum biochemical profile of Japanese quail during the summer season. The study revealed that the mean serum levels of total protein, albumin, globulin, HDL cholesterol and SGPT/ALT increased significantly (P<0.01); whereas, serum levels of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides decreased significantly (P<0.01) in treatment groups supplemented with nano vitamin C. No significant differences (P>0.05) were observed in serum SGOT/AST among treatment groups.

A study was conducted in four flood-prone villages at Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Assam Agricultural University, Dhubri to assess the production performance of Khaki Campbell ducks and the economics of rearing them under NICRA (National Innovations in Climate Resilient Agriculture) project. A total of 10 farmers were selected from Dhubri village on the basis of their experience in duck farming. Two hundred day-old Khaki Campbell ducklings, twenty numbers irrespective of sex per household, were distributed and reared up to 72 weeks. On attaining 30th week of age, the male ducks were sold out. The data including body weight, mortality, age at first egg and egg production were recorded. The average age at first egg was 163.0±3.6 days, and 30th  week mean body weight was 1.8±0.1 kg. The mean egg production and mortality rate were 180.8±4.1 and 13% respectively during the study period. It was found from the study that Khaki Campbell duck farming has contributed notably to the livelihood of the rural farmers with benefit-cost ratio of 1.87. 

In recent years, concerns about the use of antimicrobial products in food-producing animals have focused on human food safety because foods of animal origin are sometimes identified as the vehicles of food borne disease in humans and, therefore, also vehicles of  resistant food borne pathogens and resistant genetic material. The major zoonotic pathogens of concern for the development of  antimicrobial resistance are Salmonella spp. and Campylobacter jejuni. A broad spectrum of antimicrobials are in use in animals One such antimicrobial is Silver, used to treat a various infections . The current wide spread and uncontrolled use of silver may result in more bacteria developing resistance, analogous to the emergence of antibiotic and biocide resistant bacteria. This could be very detrimental to many industrial and medicinal properties that depend on the microbial properties of silver. In the present study, in order to gain an insight into bacterial resistance to silver the clinical isolates of Salmonella typhimurium were plasmid cured, the antibiotic sensitivity was tested in order to find out whether the strains were drug resistant; the Plasmid cured bacterial strains were then grown in nutrient broth containing silver nitrate, in order to determine silver resistance. To identify the protein encoded by this silver resistance determinant, a whole cell lysate was made and an SDS-PAGE was carried out. Plasmid was cured .The results of the study showed that silver resistance is plasmid encoded. A low molecular weight protein found in wild strains was found missing in the plasmid cured strains and possibly could play role in silver resistance.

We estimated the incidence of clinical mastitis (CM) and antimicrobial agent (AMA) usage for its treatment in an organized dairy farm over a period of six months. The incidence of mastitis at different stages of lactation was also quantified. The incidence of mastitis was higher in Sahiwal cows (9.52%) compared to crossbred cows (3.61%). Among different AMA usage, enrofloxacin (22%), ampicilin with cloxacillin (18.57%), gentamicin (18.29) and ceftriaxone (12.57%) drugs were most commonly used against CM cases. Penicillin group and their combinations (29.43%) was found to be the most commonly used AMA for CM followed by fluoroquinolone (22%), aminoglycosides groups (21.43%) and cephalosporins group (16.86%) of drugs. Tetracyclines (9.14%) and chloramphenicol (1.14%) were least choice as evidenced by less frequent usage. From the findings of the study it may be concluded that the incidence of mastitis was high in Sahiwal cows milked with machine milking system and mastitis animals needed an average of five days treatment for clinical cure. Further, â-lactam group of antimicrobial drugs were predominantly used in mastitis treatment, despite entry of new AMA in the market.

Hydatidosis, caused by the larval stage of the dog tapeworm, Echinococcus granulosus is considered to be an important condition in herbivores such as cattle, buffaloes, sheep and goats. Due to its presence in the food animals meant for meat purpose, the disease is considered to be of economic and public health significance owing to the impact it produces on the meat industry by condemnation of the affected organs. Food animals such as sheep, goats get infected by accidental ingestion of contaminated feed and water with the eggs of the tapeworm. Development of the cysts in the intermediate host such as sheep and goats occurs in the lungs, liver and other visceral organs. The disease remains asymptomatic in most cases in spite of the presence of the hydatid cysts for a long period. A study was undertaken to find out the incidence of the hydatid cysts in sheep and goats in the Corporation slaughter house by examination of the carcasses of the slaughtered sheep and goats. By the study, an overall incidence of 6.5% in sheep and 5.8% in goats were observed with the sheep harbouring more number of fertile hydatid cysts which plays a major role in dissemination of infection to dogs.