A ten-year-old dog was presented with pancreatitis and increased hepatic enzymes. On necropsy a large firm mass was observed in the liver extending to the gall bladder. Smaller masses with similar texture were found in multiple organs including lung, stomach, pancreas, lymph nodes, omentum, and mesentery. Neoplastic cells were spindle shaped with prominent osteoid production and occasional trabeculae of woven bone. Tumor cell emboli were observed in the blood vessels and lymphatics of the omentum and stomach. Hepatic osteosarcoma with systemic metastasis is very rare and may serve to broaden the diagnostic spectrum of hepatic and pancreatic diseases in dogs.

Field efficacy of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli-specific phage (ΦCJ19) as a feed additive was evaluated in weaning piglets. Fifty-four piglets at 3~4 weeks old were allocated in three different groups and two of them were fed with bacteriophage at different concentrations (106 PFU/kg feed and 108 PFU/kg feed, respectively) for 30 days. Body weight and feed intake were measured at 10 days interval and body condition and fecal score were inspected every day. Based on the measurement, feed conversion rate (FCR) and average daily gain (ADG) of each group during 30 days were analyzed. The analysis suggests that the bacteriophage may help the improvement of FCR and ADG at 108 PFU/kg of bacteriophage feeding group in 30 days. A result from analysis of fecal score indicates that the bacteriophage also may help to relieve the intermittent diarrhea in post-weaning stage. Those results suggest that bacteriophage might help the growth of piglets in post-weaning stage.

This study was performed to investigate the effect of Nei Guan (PC-6) moxibustion stimulation on artificial bradycardia of dogs. Xylazine was injected for inducing bradycardia. Rectal temperature, systolic blood pressure, respiratory rate, heart rate were recorded every 10 minutes for 120 minutes. Systolic blood pressure significantly increased on 40 min (p 0.05) after xylazine injection, compared with those of control group. Heart rate significantly increased on 40 min (p 0.01), 50 min (p 0.01), 60 min (p 0.01), 70 min (p 0.01), 80 min (p 0.01), 100 min (p 0.01), 120min (p 0.01) after xylazine injection, compared with those of control group. In conclusion, moxibustion of Nei Guan (PC-6) showed recovery effect in xylazine induced bradycardia in dogs.

Cancers are mainly sustained by a small pool of neoplastic cells, known as cancer stem cells or tumorinitiating cells. These cells possess the ability to self-renew and proliferate, and are thus able to form the tumor. In the present study cells that correspond to cancer stem cells in mammary and liver cancers in animals were identified by the expression of CD133, CD44, CK7, and OCT4 using immunochemistry. As a result, we found with CD133+ and CD44+ cancer stem cell-like phenotypes in mouse and canine hepatocellular carcinoma and canine mammary gland tumors. However, CK7+ and OCT4+ cells were not identified in animal mammary and liver cancer. CD133+ and CD44+ cells are wellknown stem cell lines and play key roles in development and metastasis in human cancer. These findings suggest that cancer stem cells are involved in animal tumorigenesis and may provide insight into mechanisms in cancer development as well as cancer diagnostics.

A 5-year-old, castrated male, Maltese was presented with history of acute flaccid paralysis. The dog was presented with sudden loss of muscle tone and involuntary movements of hind limbs. Neurologic examination revealed reduced postural reaction in the bilateral hind limbs. MRI of brain showed moderate hydrocephalus, but other examination results were normal. Based on the characteristic episodes and examination results, canine cataplexy was suspected. Treatment was initiated with clomipramine as cataplexy control. Clinical signs resolved with 3-month medication. This case demonstrates therapeutic diagnosis of cataplexy. To the author’s knowledge, this is the first report of cataplexy treating with clomipramine.

To report multiple congenital ocular defects in a Bedlington terrier dog aged 2.5 months with blindness. Routine ophthalmic examinations were performed for the clinical signs. Menace responses and cotton ball test were absent in both eyes (OU), but pupillary light reflexes were normal in OU. Slit lamp biomicroscopy reveled corneal dystrophy, posterior subcapsular cataract, microphthalmia in OU and lenticular coloboma in the right eye. In indirect ophthalmoscopy and ultrasonography, retinal detachment and posterior lenticonus were shown in OU. It is the first report of lenticular coloboma and posterior lenticonus in a Bedlington terrier dog.

Animal poisoning has been occurred in Korea. However, the lack of the data about animal poisoning in Korea makes clinicians and diagnostician difficult to obtain information on poisoning cases. In this paper, we tried to gather information about animal poisoning from 1974 to June 2013 in Korea. Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency (QIA) record database were used to examine recent trends in animal poisoning. The analysis showed that the cattle was reported to be the most common species involved in animal poisoning and botulinum toxin constituted the primary group of toxicants. Animal poisoning occurred frequently on January and in Gyenggi-do. Although the data present in this manuscript is a little, it will be helpful to understand the general trend of animal poisoning in Korea.

Dystrophic calcinosis cutis associated with spontaneous hyperadrenocorticism was diagnosed in a 8-yearold female Chihuahua dog with erythematous, erosive, numerous papules, plaques, and crusts on the bilateral trunk, and inguinal region. Serum biochemical abnormalities included increases in alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), and cholesterol. Radiographs showed mild hepatomegaly and subcutaneous lobulated calcific deposits. Histopathologic examination demonstrated diffuse deposition of basophilic calcified material in the dermis. Von Kossa’s stain confirmed calcium deposition. Therapy with diltiazem was useful in resolving calcinosis.

An adult beagle dog was presented with a cervical mass detected by palpation and computed tomography. Fine needle aspirates revealed numerous epithelial cells with plasmacytoid appearance and frequent naked nuclei. Histologically, the mass consists of multiple packets of neoplastic cells and extensive areas of necrosis and fibrosis. Neoplastic cells were also found in submandibular lymph nodes. Immunohistochemistry showed that neoplastic cells were positive for calcitonin and negative for thyroglobulin. Based on these findings, the cervical mass was diagnosed as thyroid C-cell carcinoma. Almost one year after the surgical excision, the dog remains healthy without any symptom of recurrence or metastasis.

Avian influenza viruses (AIV) have been isolated from a wide range of domestic and wild birds. Wild birds, predominantly ducks, geese and gulls form the reservoir of AIV in nature. The viruses in wild bird populations are a potential source of widespread infections in poultry. Active surveillance for AIV infection provides information regarding AIV distribution, and global AIV surveillance can play a key role in the early recognition of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI). Since 2003 in Korea, there have been four H5N1 HPAI outbreaks caused by clade 2.5, 2.2 and 2.3.2. Therefore, improvement of AIV surveillance strategy is required to detect HPAI viruses effectively. This article deals with the major events establishing the role of wild birds in the natural history of influenza in Korea. We highlighted the need for continuous surveillance in wild birds and characterization of these viruses to understand AIV epidemiology and host ecology in Korea.