In the present study its used liquid preparation of probiotics "Vetlactoflorum-M" (dissolved in diluted milk) and "Vetlactoflorum-C" (dissolved in whey), and were studied its effect on some parameters such as total protein, globulin, albumin also serum bactericidal and lysozyme activity. One hundred fifty broilers chicken breed "Ross-308" used in one day old. They were divided into three groups of 50 chicks (control" un-supplemented with probiotic" , first treatment group received “Vetlactoflorum-C” and second treatment group received “Vetlactoflorum-M”). Blood samples were taken in 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42 day-old. Laboratorial analyses were conducted in Vitebsk state academy of veterinary medicine in Belarus. Level of total protein in the 2nd group to the end of the study was higher than in control group to 8.1% (P

The present study revealed the prevalence and pathology of sheep brain(male and female). One handred brain samples were obtained randomly from Mosul animal slaughter house and butcher shops since October 2012 to August 2013 from animals with and without nervous signs. The main gross lesions were edema which accounted 53% of the cases, congestion 51% , hemorrhage 20% and 3% cyst of coenurous cerebralis. The major lesions were observed by histopathological examination of three different areas of the brain (cerebrum, cerebellum and medulla oblongata)in each case. Lesions include vascular change, neuronal degeneration, necrosis, inflammatory change, gliosis, neuronophagia, amyloid deposition. Three cases revealed the presence of the coenurous cerebralis and two cases were abscesses and one case showed the presence of Sarcocystis SPP.

The present study included determinationof fetal sex prenatal by analyzing free fetal DNA cells in maternal plasma by using dupplex PCR . At the first amplifying the DNA which extracted from male and non-pregnant female goat plasma which used as control to confirm the accuracy of this technique. After thatblood were collected from 5 pregnant females goat prepared the plasma and extract the DNA by using heat-based direct method for plasma and then investigate the sequences GAPDH and DYS14 through the use of dupplex polymerase chain reaction technique and the results were 2 (40%) males show a double bands one at 97 bp representing GAPDH and the second at 198 bp representing DYS14 and 3 (60%) females show a single band at 97 bp representing GAPDH. This technique of sexing is applied for the first time on animals especially in Iraq.

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of cyclosporine on some hematological indices in male rabbits after bone marrow transplantation operation. Thirty male rabbits were used in the present study which divided into three groups equally (ten rabbit each group).Rabbit of first group were give0.5 ml of normal slain from Day zero till Day 10 of experiment then applied to intra bone marrow-Bone marrow transplantation (IBM-BMT) at Day 11 then after, these rabbit give normal slain from Day 12 till Day 20 and considered as shame group. Rabbits of second and third groups were applied to same protocol that used in first group except that the rabbit were give 12.5 (T1) and (T2) 25 mg/kg/BW of cyclosporine respectively instead of normal slain. blood was collected At Day10 and Day 21 from all rabbit of the experiment via heart puncture and Red blood cell (RBCs)count , white blood cell (WBCs) count, Deferential leukocyte count, Packed cell volume(PCV) and hemoglobin concentration(Hb) were measured. Results of the present study showed significant decrease (p

To investigate the antihyperglycemic potent of thymoquinone (TQ), this study has been conducted in streptozotocin-induced diabetic male rats.Diabetes was induced by single injection with streptozotocin (60 mg/kg b.w., i.p.). Rat ≥ 200 mg/dl of blood glucose was used as diabetic.Sixty five adult male rats (aged 56 days and weighted 138±8.8g) were divided into five groups, non-diabetic control (were drenched with drinking water) and four diabetic groups(DM, TQ50,TQ100, and DMI) were drenched with drinking water,TQ (50 mg/kg, bw), TQ (100 mg/kg, bw), and injected with insulin (4 IU/animal), respectively, for 42 days. During the experiment,body weight gains were recorded and blood samples were obtained weekly for assessment of plasma glucose and insulin concentrations. TQ treated male rats showed normal activity and body health throughout the experiment. Significant decrease of body weight gain has been recorded in untreated diabetic (DM) and insulin treated diabetic (DMI) groups as compared with that of intact control (C) and TQ treated diabetic (TQ50 and TQ100) groups, started from the fourth day of experiment, while DM group registered the lowest body weight gain among the experimental groups. Results of blood glucose concentrations referred to significant elevation in diabetic groups as compared with intact control. While in comparison between the diabetic groups, blood glucose concentration decreased significantly TQ50, TQ100, and DMI groups compared with DMI group. It has been found that insulin treated (DMI) and TQ treated (TQ50 and TQ100) male rats recorded no significant difference in serum insulin concentration when compared with each other but they were significantly lower than that of intact control male rats (C), but the average means of these four groups were significantly higher than that of non-treated diabetic male rats (DM).These changes were time dependent during the studied experimental period. It can be concluded that drenching of 100 mg/kg of TQ has potent hypoglycemic effect in experimentally-induced diabetic male rats.

The objective of this investigation is to evaluate the level of the some minerals (sodium, potassium and calcium) in the soil, forage and sheep serum, the specimens were 1 Kg of soil and forage and 10 blood samples taken from each district (Nasriya and Shatra) in Thi-Qar province. The results show that significant (p≤0.05) increase in the sheep serum sodium concentration in Nasriya region (44.21±14.9) Mmol/L compared with the Shatra (34.84±6.61) Mmol/L, while the potassium concentration in sheep serum appeared a significant (p≤0.05) decrease in Nasriya district (6.23±1.00) Mmol/L compared with Shatra(13.16±2.42) Mmol/L but there is no significance (p≤0.05) change found in sheep serum calcium between the two studied areas in Nasryia was (0.40±0.12) Mg/dl but Shatra was (0.24±0.05) Mg/dl. The sodium level in the forages is high but not significant(p≤0.05) in the Nasriya(0.369±0.101)when compared with Shatra(0.321±0.011) g/Kg The potassium in forages is higher in Nasriya (0.411±0.011) g/Kg but not significant (p≤0.05) when compared with Shatra (0.255±0.011) g/Kg Calcium of forage was decreased in Nasryia (0.136±0.012) g/Kg but in Shatra was (0.355±0.044) g/Kg with no significancy (p≤0.05). In soil sodium of Nasryia is high (0.942±0.051) g/Kg but not significant (p≤0.05) and in Shatra was (0.887±0.032) g/Kg, the potassium in soil of Nasryia was (0.418±0.023) g/Kg but not significant (p≤0.05) and in Shatra was(0.424±0.022) g/Kg Calcium is higher in Nasriya soil (0.602±0.043) g/Kg but lower in soil of Shatra was (0.657±0.048) g/Kg with no significancy (p≤0.05).

This study revealed the prevalence of Cryptosporidium parasite by using 120 fecal sample from wild pigeons in Baghdad city during the period Jounuary2013 to December 2013. The total infection rate was 40% [48/120] which divided in to 38.18% [21/55]in males and 41.53%[27/65] in females. A high infection rate 76.66% [23/30] was recorded in winter season, while a low infection rate 16.66%[5/30] was found in Autumn. The three Cryptosporidium species oocysts were detected varied from small (Cryptosporidium meleagridis ) , medium ( Cryptosporidium baileyi ) and large size( Cryptosporidium galli ).

Fift y nine samples of feces were collected from broiler flocks farms located in Hama and Aleppo provinces of Syria, which suffered from diarrhea or respiratory problem or both. For the first time, this study confirmed the infection of the broiler flocks with Cryptosporidium in Syria with a rate of 8.4%. The infection has been demonstrated by detecting the Cryptosporidium oocysts in the fecal by using direct smear method and Formol-Ether concentration method, then stained by Kinyoun acid fast stain. The result of tests based on morphology and size of Cryptosporidium oocysts showed that the parasite is probably C. baileyi which ranged between (6 µm X 4 µm).

Morphologically,the testes of adult duck was suspended by mesorchium with the roof of the the abdominal cavity. The testes appear as elongated bean shaped and situated asymmetrically. The mean average of the testis was 1,48 cm in length, 0.47cm in width, and 1.54gm in weight. Histologically, each testis was covered by a connective tissue capsule.The stroma of the testis posses no mediastinum. Leydic cells were commonly found in groups within the connective tissue which filled the spaces between the seminiferous tubules. Germ cells and Sertoli cells constituent the main component of the seminiferous epithelium. There were type A-spermatogonia, type I-spermatogonia, and type B-spermatogonia. Type B-spermatogonia passes through proleptoten, leptotene, zygotene, pachytene, diplotene, and diakineses. The primary spermatocytes give rise to secondary spermatocytes. These latter cells enter the second meiotic division to form the spermatids which undergo through thirteenth stages to form the sperms.

The present study was carried out to detect histopathologic lesions in different rat organs after chronic exposure to formaldehyde vapor. Forty adult albino Wistar rats were used in this experiment. Animals were divided into two groups; Control group (n=10; 5 males and 5 females) which were not exposed to formaldehyde at all, while the remainders regarded as the experimental group (exposed to formaldehyde for 21 days, n=30; 15 males and 15 females). The histopathologic examination in our study revealed several changes in exposed group such as; chronic tracheitis, squamous metaplasia of lining epithelium and tracheal glands with occurrence dysplasia in the lining epithelium, interstitial pneumonia, hydropic degeneration in the hepatocytes, epidermal hyperplasia, interstitial glomerulonephritis with atrophy of glomeruli. We concluded that the overexposure of formaldehyde produced lesions in different organs but their toxic effects were seen predominantly in respiratory system.