This study was designated to investigate the effect of light color and stocking density on some productive performance of broilers. A total of 675 Ross 308 one-dayold broiler chicks were used in this study. The birds were exposed to white light (WL) as a control , red light (RL), blue light (BL), green light (GL), and Blue – Green mix light (BGL) by a light-emitting diode system (LED) applied for 24 hours daily in separated rooms. The birds were randomly divided and housed into 9 wooden sealed pens of 1m2in three replicates for each density 12, 15 and 18 birds/m2in the room. The results showed that the broilers reared under BGL significantly increased (P< 0.05) body weight (BW) and weight gain (WG) at 1st, 3rdand 5thweek. Obviously, stocking density had no significant effect on BW and WG at 1stweek but significantly increased under 12 birds/m2at 3rdand 5thweek. Feed intake (FI) recorded a significant increase (P< 0.05) in broilers reared under WL at 1stweek, but no statistical difference was found at 3rdweek whereas, FI significantly increased (P< 0.05) in broilers reared under BL at 5thweek. The stocking density affected FI values which were significantly differed (P< 0.05) at 1st, 3rdand 5thweek under 12 birds/m2compared with other densities. The results of the study revealed a significant increase (P< 0.05) of Feed conversion ratio (FCR) in broilers reared under BL at 1stweek and RL at 3rdweek but there was no significant difference between groups at 5thweek. The results indicated a significant difference of FCR value in 18 birds/m2at 1st week but there were no significant differences at 3rdand 5thweek at different densities. In conclusion, the results of this study indicated that chickens reared under five different color lighting schedules with three bird densities showed that broilers reared under mixing blue – green light under 12 birds/m2has a significant positive effects on production performance compared with other light programs and bird densities

Transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) superfamily members are closely associated with tissue remodelling events and reproductive processes. The present study aimed to determine the role of immunoneutralization of endogenous inhibin-α, βA, and βB subunits on serum growth growth and differentiation hormones profile during pregnancy, delivery, and lactation periods in primiparous female Wister rats.Eighty four pregnant primiparous female rats were assigned to 4 groups (21 per each). On 5 th and 10 th day of gestation, control was injected with saline (100μl, i.p.), Ta, Tba, and Tbb groups were injected with inhibin-α, βA, and βBantiserum (1µg in 100μl of saline, i.p.), respectively. Each group was allocated to 3 equal subgroups: pregnancy, delivery, and lactation subgroups were sacrificed on day 16 of gestation, 1st day after parturition, and 11 th day of lactation, respectively. At the end of each subgroups period, females were anesthetized, dissected and blood samples were obtained for assessment of inhibin-A, -B, activin-A , -B, -AB, GH, and prolactin levels. Serum inhibin-A concentration in Tbb group increased during pregnancy and delivery among experimental groups. In comparison between periods, Tbb group showed significantly higher level during pregnancy and decreased during delivery and lactation, whereas Ta and Tba groups recorded no difference between periods. Inhibin-B increased in control and Tba groups during pregnancy, whereas lactation period showed higher levels in Ta, Tba, and Tbb groups compared with control. Ta, Tba, and Tbb groups recorded no siginificant differences between pregnancy and delivery periods but they were significantly higher in lactation period.During pregnancy and delivery, Tbb group revealed higher levels of activin-A and lowest level of activin-B concentrations among groups, whereas activin-AB concentration increased in control and Ta groups. In comparison between periods, activin-A concentration was higher at delivery, whereas activin-B and –AB concentrations were higher at lactation. Serum GH, in Ta group, recorded higher level during the three periods among groups. In comparison between periods, the levels of GH and PRL in all groups showed higher levels at delivery followed by lactation and pregnancy.In conclusion, passive im munization against inhibin-α, βA, but not βB subunit, at 5th and 10th day of pregnancy, have ameliorating role on serum growth and differentiation hoemones profile

This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of ethanolic extract of Trigonella foenum-graecum L. (fenugreek) seeds on blood glucose, total serum cholesterol and total serum protein in normal and alloxan induced diabetic rabbits. Twenty-four mature male rabbits (local breed) were randomly divided into four groups of equal number: (Control negative group (normal rabbits received 2 ml normal saline). Normal animals group treated orally with (200 mg /kg b.w.) alcoholic extract of fenugreek daily. Diabetic positive control group (induced diabetic rabbits received 2 ml normal saline). Diabetic group treated orally with (200 mg /kg b.w.) alcoholic extract of fenugreek daily. All group were deranched for six weeks. Diabetes was induced experimentally by single intravenous injection of alloxan monohydrate (100 mg/ kg b.w.).Estimation of blood glucose, total cholesterol and total protein was carried out weekly for all groups of the experiment. The results showed that alcoholic extract of T. foenum-graecum L. caused Significant decrease (P