The poultry industry is based on raising fast-growing chickens. In recent decades, several antibiotics have been employed as growth promoters in the chicken industry, but antibiotic use is banned in the poultry industry due to increased antibiotic resistance and negative impacts on human health. Scientists started searching for alternative antibiotic products as antibiotic resistance increased. Probiotics, prebiotics, organic acids, plant extracts, etheric oils, and immunological stimulants are some of the alternatives. In recent years, these products have improved animal performance, increased animal productivity, prevented and controlled enteric infections, and reduced antibiotic use in animal agriculture. Artemisia, which is currently in scattered form in various research papers, and to draw the attention of experts throughout the world to the Artemisia species' untapped potential. Artemisia annua is also known as sweet wormwood, sweet Annie, and sweet annual wormwood (Chinese: qngho). It's a common wormwood species native to Asia's temperate zones. The active ingredient present in the Artemisia genus is Artemisinin, and chemically it contains both volatile and non-volatile constituents. Biological activities of the Artemisia genus include antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-malarial, anti-coccidial, anti-oxidant, and anti-tumor effects. It has positive effects on growth performance, FCR, gut health, immunity, digestibility, and meat quality of broilers. In conclusion, Artemisia annua is the best alternative product for avoiding anti-microbial resistance in the poultry industry without compromising growth and production. This study aims to review the research conducted on the Artemisia genus.

An investigation was carried out to assess the nurtional , texture profile, microbial and sensory quality of wafer cones. Refined wheat flour and water, lecthin oil, vegetable fat, baking powder, SMBS (Sodium Meta Bisulphite) were used for the preparation of the wafer cone. Treatments were prepared with casein powder at the rate of 3, 5 and 7 per cent for enriching the wafer cones and control samples were prepared by using refined wheat flour. The quality assessment for moisture, protein and fat was carried out using infrared analyser from NDC technologies. Sensory acceptability was assessed by 9- Point Hedonic Scale and results were analysed statistically.

A Study on the comaprative efficancy of two types of serial collapasible fish traps differning   rear end funnel opening was carried out. With respect to Type-1 trap having rectangular rear end funnel opening and Type-2 trap with elliptical rear end were fabricated. The experiment was carried out in fishing ground one nautical mile off  the coast of mandatam (Lat 09 degree 16.633 'N  long .. 0.79 degree 08.992 ') Feb 2015 to june 2015. significant differnce wasobserved with respect to catch rate of different species caught irrespective of the design of traps (Plt;0.05). The difference in shape of rear funnel opening was found to be responsible for the significant difference in the catch rear funnel opening was about 3 times higher catch rate of Type-1 trap with rectangular rear funnel opening was about three times higher (17.1 Nos/ soaking day) than that of Type-2 trap with elliptical shaped rear funnel opening (5.9 Nos./ soaking day). The impact of seasonal variation on the catch rate was found to be insignificant (Pgt; 0.05). Though Psammoperca waigensis was found to be the dominant specices in both  types of traps in terms of number, Epinephalus coioides ranked first in term  of weight and price per kilogram in both Type-1 and Type-2 traps. Irrespective of the types of traps tested, the higher catch rate, including all the species caught, and was observed during the month of February which directly increased the overall catch rate during February month. With respect to the behavior of different species caught in relation to the types of traps tested, Sarcocendrum rubrum was recorded only in Type-1 trap which had rectangular shaped rear funnel opening and Muraena sp was recorded only in Type-2 trap with elliptical shaped rear end of the funnel opening which served like a burrow and hence facilitated the entry of eel. Type -1 trap gave three times higher gross returns than Type-2 trap.

A retrospective study was carried out to assess the udder affections of cows that were presented to the Large Animal Medicine Referral Clinic of Veterinary College and Research Institute, Thanjavur, Orathanadu, Tamil Nadu during June 2017 to April 2018. In this study involving 161 cows, 4 cows were found to have udder swelling / abscess diagnosed by ultrasound and percutaneous aspiration done under sonagraphic guidance. Udder ultrasound revealed hyperechoic alveolar tissue with anechoic/ heterogenous content in the affected quarters. Aspirated samples were culturally positive for the isolate Staphylococcus aureus and E. coli. In vitro antibiotic sensitivity test showed highest susceptibility to streptomycin followed by enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin, gentamicin and amoxycillin with good recovery on treatment.

A Seven - month old female Kankrej calf was presented to Large Animal Clinics - Out-Patient - Medicine Unit of Madras Veterinary College Teaching Hospital, Chennai, with the history of recurrent tympany for two months with scanty dung with a pasty consistency. Onclinical examination of the animal, bilateral distension of the abdomen was noticed. Haematobiochemistry revealed neutrophilia with leucocytosis and significantly elevated Gamma-Glutamyl-Transferase values. In radiography, no change in the silhouette of reticulum could be appreciated other than a mild bronchial pattern. Ultrasonography revealed an anechoic encapsulated cavity with echogenic internal spots of the reticular wall. Based on these findings, the calf was diagnosed with an abscess in the reticulum. Accordingly, the abscess was drained and the animal was treated with antibiotics and supportive therapy and the animal recovered uneventfully.

Nasal washings and faecal samples were collected from 110 cows during the period between July 2019 and June 2020 in and around the Orathandu, Cauvery delta zone of Tamil Nadu to document the seasonal prevalence of Schistosoma nasale and Schistosoma spindale. These samples were processed and screened by using the standard parasitological techniques. Out of 110 nasal washings, 23 samples (20.9%) confirmed the Schistosoma nasale infection by the presence of eggs. No faecal samples could be detected positive for Schistosoma spindale infection during the study period

Administration of higher dosage of chlorine leads to a concern about proper dosage determination for shrimp hatchery operations. Hence, the dosage application needs to be reworked at the present context. Accordingly a Completely randomized design experiment with 6 treatments (control, 10 ppm, 20 ppm, 30 ppm, 40 ppm, 50 ppm of active chlorine content) with 3 replications was conducted. The water quality and the bacterial load were monitored once in 3 hours continuously. The salient observations of the study was that the exposure time for residual chlorine to be nil for the tank with chlorination of 10 ppm concentration was 6 hours, for 20 ppm and 30 ppm it was 18 hours and for 40 ppm and 50 ppm it was 21 hours. Also the results shows that bacterial load was nil in all the treatments viz. 10 to 50 ppm. The pH of the water gets increased and then stabilized. It could be concluded from the study that the chlorination is required in shrimp hatcheries. But the optimum dosage is 10 ppm for ensuring better water quality in shrimp hatchery which is very much less when compared to the general dose of upto 30 ppm for other purposes. Another experimental trial with three replications was conducted to ascertain the survival of post larvae of P. monodon from PL5 to PL 20 with the 10 ppm active chlorine. The study showed that survival was high in 10 ppm.

‘New generation’ Dried Distillers’ Grains with Solubles (DDGS) collected from modern ethanol plants were analysed for its nutritional composition and included in the diet to assess the performance of commercial Vanaraja chickens. Six numbers of commercial ‘new generation’ DDGS samples collected from modern ethanol plants were analyzed for their basic nutrient composition and amino acid profile. Five isocaloric and isonitrogenous experimental diets containing graded levels of ‘new generation’ DDGS (0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10% DDGS) were formulated as per ICAR-DPR standards for Vanaraja chickens basis, and fed for chicks (9 replicate pens containing 6 chicks each) of commercial dual purpose birds of Vanaraja strain for the period of 6 weeks. Growth performance of birds was recorded at 7, 14, 21, 35 and 42 days of age and 9 representative birds per treatment (one each from replicate pen) were randomly selected and processed to study their carcass yield and characteristics. The ME and CP content of ‘new generation’ DDGS is 2850±57 Kcal/Kg and 27.35±1.16%, respectively. There was no significant (P>0.05) difference in the growth performance of birds during chick stage (7 to 21 days) and during early finishing stage (35 days) birds fed diets containing ≥5.0% ‘new generation’ DDGS had shown lower weight gain and significantly (P<0.05) poor feed conversion compared to Control. There was no significant difference in the carcass yield and its characteristics between the dietary treatments. Good quality protein rich ‘new generation’ DDGS can be used (10%) in the diets fed to commercial Vanaraja chickens without significant impact on overall performance of birds.

Fodder quality and availability are major determinants in profitable ruminant production system. Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University and Department of Animal Husbandry, Government of Tamil Nadu and other related institutions promote fodder production through several schemes and projects. Intensive fodder production through promotion of sustainable fodder production model under irrigated condition is one among them. The objective of the present study was to validate the fodder production potential of the ten-cent model for livestock feeding. In livestock farm complex Madhavaram, ten-cent model fodder plot was established with Hybrid Napier grass variety Co (BN) 5 in 4 cents area; fodder maize (African Tall) in 1 cent; fodder sorghum (CoFS 31) in 2 cents; fodder cowpea (Co 8) and Velimasal (Desmanthus virgatus) in 1.5 cents area each; Agathi (Sesbania grandiÀora) and Subabul (Leucaena leucocephala) were cultivated as boundary plantation. Standard agronomical management practices were adopted during the study period (15 months) and fodder was harvested at specified intervals. The total biomass yield realized was 9918 kg. The average yield/cut (kg) of Co5, sorghum, maize, cow pea, Desmanthus and Agathi/Subabul were 1340.0, 264.6, 160.0, 178.0, 71.0 and 98.0 kg respectively. Highest fodder yield was noticed during south west monsoon season (2492.0 kg) followed by north east monsoon season (1796.5 kg) and lowest yield noticed in summer season (1465.0 kg). The total CP and TDN yield (on dry matter basis) of ten-cent model fodder plot, estimated from available standards were 1121.71 kg and 5586.58 kg respectively during the study period. The results of this study revealed that quantity and quality of fodder harvested from the ten-cent model fodder plot can support one cattle or five goats for a year. It is possible to sustain one cow or five goats through fodder production in the ten-cent model fodder plot.

An experiment was conducted by feeding diets with different levels of lysine (1.20, 1.30 and 1.40 % in pre-starter diet, 1.10, 1.20 and 1.30 % in starter diet and 0.95, 1.05 and 1.15% in finisher diet) and methionine (0.45, 0.55 and 0.65% in pre-starter diet, 0.40, 0.50 and 0.60 % in starter diet and 0.35, 0.45 and 0.55 % in finisher diet) to commercial broilers for a period of five weeksto assess the cumulative feed consumption and feed conversion ratio in environmentally controlled and open sided deeplitter housing system. The results of the study revealed that broilers reared in environmentally controlled housing system consumed more feed than in open sided housing system. In addition the housing system also inÀuenced the feed conversion ratio irrespective of various combinations of dietary lysine and methionine in broilers.