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Arterial vascularization of the mammary gland in goats (Capra hircus, Linnaeus, 1758) | Vascularização arterial da glândula mamária em caprinos sem raça definida (Capra hircus, Linnaeus, 1758) Texte intégral
2000
Luiz Carlos Rosemberg | Maria Angelica Miglino
We studied the distribution and vascular disposition of arteries in the mammary gland of 30 adult, mixed-breed goats, which came from the states of Ceará and Minas Gerais. In order to perform this study we analyzed schematic drawings taken from models, which were obtained through "latex neoprene 450" injection, followed by fixation in 10% aqueous solution and dissection. We noticed that the blood supply for each half of the mammary gland is carried out by the external pudendal artery and is complemented by connections to branches of the internal pudendal artery and internal thoracic artery. Close to the mammary gland the external pudendal artery bends and sends out the superficial mammary branch. After that it is called A. mammaria until its bifurcation; it also sends out branches to mammary lymph nodes and ventral labium. When it penetrates the gland the cranial mammary artery divides itself, thus forming the cranial and medial mammary arteries, which send several branches throughout the mammary gland and to the skin that covers this region. The cranial mammary artery leaves the mammary gland and runs cranially along the ventral abdominal wall until it reaches the navel, yet as superficial caudal epigastric artery. We did not identify significant differences between the vascular disposition in both sides of the mammary gland. We reported the occurrence of anastomoses between the medial mammary arteries and their branches, and also took note of the type, site and frequency these occurred. Our work was concluded with a comparative analysis confronting it to research of other authors, who studied the blood supply of the mammary gland in cattle. | Estudamos a distribuição e o arranjo vascular arterial dos ramos à glândula mamária em 30 caprinos sem raça definida, adultos, oriundos dos estados do Ceará e Minas Gerais, mediante a análise de esquemas de modelos obtidos pela injeção de látex "neoprene" 450, fixação em formol a 10% e dissecção. O suprimento sangüíneo de cada metade do úbere faz-se pela A. pudenda externa, complementado por conexões com ramos das Aa. pudenda interna e torácica interna. Próximo ao úbere a A. pudenda externa curva-se cranialmente, emite o ramo mamário superficial, torna-se A. mamária até a sua bifurcação; emite ainda ramos aos linfonodos mamários e à região labial ventral da vulva. Ao penetrar na glândula a A. mamária bifurca-se dando origem às Aa. mamárias cranial e medial que enviam diversos ramos à glândula em geral e pele da região. A A. mamária cranial percorre cranialmente a parede abdominal ventral como A. epigástrica caudal superficial. Não existem diferenças significativas entre os arranjos vasculares dos dois antímeros da mama. Ocorrem anastomoses entre as Aa. mamárias mediais e seus ramos. Fizemos uma análise comparativa do nosso trabalho em relação a outros estudos a respeito da irrigação da glândula mamária em ruminantes.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Influência da adição de probióticos na dieta sobre o estado sanitário e desempenho de bezerros da raça Holandesa | The influence of probiotics addiction in the diet on the sanitary state and the performance of calves Holstein Texte intégral
2000
Geane Dias Gonçalves | Geraldo Tadeu dos Santos | Luiz Paulo Rigolon | Júlio Cesar Damasceno | Newton Pöhl Ribas | Darci Rodrigues da Veiga | Elias Nunes Martins
O experimento foi realizado no Setor de Bovinocultura de Leite da Fazenda Experimental de Iguatemi, Maringá, Paraná, com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito do uso de probióticos sobre o índice de diarréia, mortalidade e desempenho (altura e peso) de bezerros. As medições de peso e altura foram feitas logo após o nascimento dos animais, aos 30 e aos 60 dias de idade. Foram utilizados 19 bezerros puros por cruza Holandês, do nascimento aos 60 dias de idade, machos e fêmeas. Os bezerros foram distribuídos em três tratamentos: (A) leite integral + probiótico em pó solúvel, (B) leite integral + probiótico em pó solúvel e pasta probiótica de administração oral e (C) leite integral. Foram fornecidos feno e concentrado à vontade após 20 dias de idade. Os índices de diarréia e mortalidade foram nulos para os três tratamentos. Não houve diferença significativa para o ganho médio diário e mudança nas alturas tomadas nas cernelhas do nascimento aos 60 dias de idade entre os tratamentos A (0,56 kg/dia e 0,055 cm/dia), B (0,41 kg/dia e 0,075 cm/dia) e C (0,51 kg/dia e 0,043 cm/dia). | The experiment was undertaken in the Section of Dairy Cattle of Experimental Farm of Iguatemi, Maringá, Paraná, with the objective of evaluating the effect of the probiotic on the diarrhea index, mortality and performance (height and weight) of calves. The weight mensurations and height were made immediately after the birth of the animals, at the 30 and the 60 days of age. It were used nineteen Holstein calves from birth to 60 days of age, males and females. The calves were randomly distributed in three treatments: (A) integral milk + soluble powdered probiotic, (B) integral milk + soluble powdered probiotic + probiotic paste by oral administration and (C) integral milk only. Hay and concentrate were supplied ad libitum from 20 days of age. The diarrhea index and mortality were null for the three treatments. There were no significant differences for the average daily gain and height whitens at 60 days among the treatments A (0.56 kg/day and 0.055 cm/day), B (0.41 kg/day and 0.075 cm/day) and C (0.51 kg/day and 0.043 cm/day).
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Comparison of skin hypersensitivity and serum neutralisation test in diagnosis Bovine Herpesvirus Type 1 (Bhv-1) infections in cattle
2000
Simsek, A.(Selcuk Univ., Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Konya (Turkey))
Proportion of lymphocytes peripheral blood of the hydrocortisone acetate-treated chickens at post hatching
2000
Sandikci, M(Adnan Menderes Univ., Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aydin (Turkey))
The effects of various stress factors to the ultrastructure and phagocytosis of thrombocytes in broilers
2000
Ozdemir, S.S.(Etlik Veterinary Control and Research Institute, Ankara (Turkey))
Prevalence of cryptosporidiosis in diarrheic calves in Izmir
2000
Beyazit, A. | Erman, N. | Inal, U.(Bornova Veterinary Control and Research Inst., Izmir (Turkey))
The prevalence of ixodidae species on cattle in Bursa province
2000
Beyazit, A.(Bornova Veterinary Control and Research Inst., Izmir (Turkey))
Prevalence of cryptosporidiosis in lambs and goat kids in Izmir province
2000
Erman, N. | Beyazit, A. | Oz, I.(Bornova Veterinary Control and Research Inst., Izmir (Turkey))
Isolation of some pathogen bacteria from the milk collection tanks
2000
Duzgun, S.(General Directorate of Agricultural Research, Ankara (Turkey)) Inal, U | Turk, N.(Bornova Veterinary Control and Research Inst., Izmir (Turkey))
Detection of avian leukosis virus group antigen in egg albumen and sera samples by using Elisa
2000
Sen, A. | Ulgen, M. | Ozbilgin, S.(Uludag Univ., Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bursa(Turkey))