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Ferramenta para avaliação do risco de maus-tratos aos animais tutorados por mulheres em situação de violência por parceiro íntimo | Tool for assessing the risk of abuse of animals kept by women insituations of intimate partner violence Texte intégral
2024
Gonçalves, Nicole Muniz Ferreira | Nunes, Bruno Pedon | Signorelli, Marcos Claudio | Garcia, Rita de Cassia Maria | Gonçalves, Nicole Muniz Ferreira | Nunes, Bruno Pedon | Signorelli, Marcos Claudio | Garcia, Rita de Cassia Maria
Several researchers have already highlighted interpersonal violence related to animal abuse. Animal abuse can be a consequence of interpersonal violence or occur concomitantly with it. In situations involving violence against women by an intimate partner, pets are threatened and abused as a way of intimidating, punishing, or controlling the victim, especially when there is a strong bond between the animal and its owner. This study aimed to build a structured instrument to assess the risk of abuse to which a companion animal tutored by a woman in a situation of violence is exposed, based on the questions presented in a questionnaire to identify animal abuse of women in situations of intimate partner violence, in addition to scientific basis related to the topic. In the form of a questionnaire, the proposed tool is made up of nine statements and five possible answers, aiming to measure how close the relationship between the pet and the woman is, the threats or attacks that the animal has already suffered, and the frequency of drug use by the aggressor. 1 (one) point was assigned for “completely disagree,” 2 (two) points for “partially disagree,” 3 (three) points for “I don’t know how to answer,” 4 (four) points for “partially agree” and 5 points for “I totally agree.” According to the score assigned, the animal’s risk of being mistreated was categorized as low (9 to 18 points), medium (19 to 28 points) or high (29 to 45 points). Each statement has the same weight but is presented in order of increasing severity. Less alarming situations are presented at the beginning of the questionnaire, and more serious ones, such as the actual death of the animal or the woman’s feeling that her attacker can kill her, are presented at the end. The tool must be tested and adequate to effectively measure the abuse risk that a companion animal tutored by a woman in a situation of violence is exposed to. | A violência interpessoal relacionada ao abuso de animais já foi destacada por diversos pesquisadores. O abuso de animais pode ser consequência da violência interpessoal ou ocorrer concomitantemente a ela. Em situações que envolvem violência contra a mulher por parceiro íntimo, os animais de estimação são ameaçados e maltratados como forma de intimidar, punir ou controlar a vítima, principalmente quando existe um forte vínculo entre o animal e seu dono. Este estudo teve como objetivo construir um instrumento estruturado para avaliar o risco de abuso a que está exposto um animal de companhia tutorado por uma mulher em situação de violência, a partir das questões apresentadas em um questionário para identificar o abuso animal de mulheres em situação de violência pelo parceiro íntimo, além de embasamento científico relacionado ao tema. Em forma de questionário, a ferramenta proposta é composta por nove afirmações e cinco respostas possíveis, visando mensurar quão próxima é a relação entre o animal de estimação e a mulher, as ameaças ou ataques que o animal já sofreu e a frequência do uso de drogas pelo agressor. Foi atribuído 1 (um) ponto para “discordo totalmente”, 2 (dois) pontos para “discordo parcialmente”, 3 (três) pontos para “não sei responder”, 4 (quatro) pontos para “concordo parcialmente” e 5 pontos para “concordo totalmente”. De acordo com a pontuação atribuída, o risco do animal ser maltratado foi categorizado em baixo (9 a 18 pontos), médio (19 a 28 pontos) ou alto (29 a 45 pontos). Cada afirmação tem o mesmo peso, mas é apresentada em ordem crescente de gravidade. Situações menos alarmantes são apresentadas no início do questionário e outras mais graves, como a morte do animal ou a sensação da mulher de que seu agressor pode matá-la, são apresentadas no final. Há necessidade de que a ferramenta seja testada e adequada para que a avaliação do risco de abuso a que está exposto um animal de companhia tutorado por uma mulher em situação de violência seja efetivamente mensurada.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Estratégias para aumentar o número de adoção de cães em um abrigo brasileiro | Strategies to increase the number of dog adoptions in a Brazilian shelter Texte intégral
2024
Baldan, Ana Lucia | Garcia, Rita de Cassia Maria | Baldan, Ana Lucia | Garcia, Rita de Cassia Maria
Animais em situação de rua é uma realidade muito triste no Brasil e sabe se que o abandono é um problema multifatorial e que gera impacto negativo no bem-estar dos animais e riscos à saúde pública. Animais abandonados são acolhidos, na sua maioria, por Organizações Não Governamentais (ONG), Organizações da Sociedade Civil (OSC) espalhadas pelo país. Para mitigar a problemática do abandono essas organizações buscam a promoção de eventos de adoção para tentar sanar o número cada vez mais crescente de animais nesses locais. Mas todo evento de adoção precisa ser realizado de forma adequada e criteriosa, e o acompanhamento da nova família ou novo tutor no pós-adoção é fundamental para identificar riscos de um novo abandono. A literatura mostra que a adoção mal-sucedida está associada a problemas da interação entre tutores e cães, que podem resultar em comportamento indesejáveis. Este estudo teve como objetivo trazer e aplicar pela primeira vez no Brasil dois programas internacionais, adaptados para nossos abrigos, o Passeio para Adoção (PA) e o Lar Adotivo (LA). Os dois programas permitem que famílias pré-cadastradas possam interagir com os cães fora do abrigo, seja em passeios nos parques, lojas e restaurantes ou passando uma ou mais noites com os cães em suas casas. Essa interação fora do abrigo propicia uma aproximação melhor para o futuro adotante e o cão, aumentando a chance de adoção que é o objetivo principal desse projeto de pesquisa. A cidade brasileira escolhida para aplicar o estudo foi Curitiba, no estado do Paraná. As coletas foram realizadas de outubro de 2022 a setembro de 2023 com 22 cães participantes, 7 nos dois programas, com 17 cães do PA adotados e 9 do LA. Muitos cães foram adotados pela família voluntária, um do PA e 7 do LA, o que comprova um resultado positivo para aplicação dos programas principalmente o LA. | Stray dogs are an unfortunate reality in Brazil, and abandonment is a known multifactorial problem that generates a negative impact on animal welfare and risks to public health. Abandoned animals are primarily taken in by Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) and Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) across the country. To mitigate the problem, these organizations promote adoption events to remedy the increasingly growing number of abandoned animals. However, every adoption event must be appropriately and carefully carried out, and monitoring the new family or guardian post- adoption is essential to identify risks of new abandonment. The literature shows that unsuccessful adoption is associated with problems in the interaction between owners and dogs, which can result in undesirable behavior. This study aimed to bring and apply for the first time in Brazil two international programs adapted for our shelters, the Field Trip (Passeio para Adoção – PA) and the Sleepover (Lar Adotivo -LA). The two programs allow pre-registered families to interact with the dogs outside the shelter, whether through walks in parks, stores, and restaurants or by spending one or more nights with them in their homes. This interaction outside the shelter provides a better approach to the future adopter and the dog, increasing the chance of adoption, which is the main objective of this research project. The Brazilian city chosen to apply the study was the Curitiba state of Paraná. Data were collected from October 2022 to September 2023, with 22 participating dogs, 7 in both programs and 17 dogs adopted from PA and nine from LA. Many dogs were adopted by volunteer families, one from PA and 7 from LA, which proves a positive result for applying the programs, predominantly from LA.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Epidemiologia do abandono: razões pelas quais tutores procuram Organizações da Sociedade Civil (OSC’s) de proteção animal para entregade seus animais domésticos | Epidemiology of Abandonment: reasons why guardians seek out animal protection Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) to give up their pets Texte intégral
2024
Brugnerotto, Michele | Montiani-Ferreira, Fabiano | Escorsim, Silvana Maria | Garcia, Rita de Cassia Maria | Brugnerotto, Michele | Montiani-Ferreira, Fabiano | Escorsim, Silvana Maria | Garcia, Rita de Cassia Maria
O abandono de animais domésticos é um problema frequente nas áreas urbanas, impacta negativamente os animais, o ser humano e o meio ambiente e necessita de uma abordagem sob a estratégia de saúde única para compreender o contexto em que este problema está inserido, possibilitando a construção de medidas para o seu enfrentamento. O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar os principais motivos relatados por tutores que entraram em contato com Organizações da Sociedade Civil (OSC’s) de proteção animal para realizar a entrega de seu animal doméstico. Verificou-se que a maioria dos animais eram filhotes (34,9%, 44/126), não tinham uma raça definida (54,8%, 69/126), não eram castrados (57,9%, 73/126), apresentavam tempo de convivência com o tutor menor que 6 meses (54%, 68/126) e foram resgatados da rua (42,9%, 54/126). Os motivos mais relatados para entrega de seu animal foram questões de moradia (44,2%, 23/52), seguido de problemas financeiros (30,8%, 16/52) e doença do tutor (11,5%, 6/52). Sobre o perfil dos tutores que participaram desta pesquisa, a maioria era do gênero feminino (71,2%, 37/52), possuía ensino médio completo (46,2%, 24/52), tinha filhos (65,4%, 34/52) e não recebia nenhum benefício social (71,2%, 37/52). Quando foram oferecidas alternativas de apoio para o tutor desistir da entrega ou permanecer com o animal, 90,4% (47/52) informaram que não haveria nada que possibilitaria a permanência do animal. Este estudo é um primeiro passo para a compreensão do abandono de animais no Brasil. Com este estudo verificamos que poucas pessoas estão dispostas a solucionar a situação geradora do desejo de entrega do animal, demonstrando que o enfrentamento ao abandono vai muito além de um motivo informado, este, frequentemente, parece ter a intenção de respaldar o abandono. Compreender o comportamento humano no abandono de animais domésticos é um grande desafio, pois raramente os tutores estão dispostos a solucionar a situação, então, para propor medidas de enfrentamento será necessário desenvolver maneiras de fortalecer o vínculo humano-animal. | Abandoning domestic animals is a frequent problem in urban areas, harming animals, humans, and the environment. A single health strategy-based approach is necessary to understand the context of this problem, making it possible to build measures to tackle it. This study aimed to identify the main reasons given by guardians who contacted animal protection Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) to surrender their pets. We found that the majority of the animals were puppies (34.9%, 44/126), did not have a defined breed (54.8%, 69/126), were not neutered (57.9%, 73/126), had lived with their guardian for less than 6 months (54%, 68/126), and were street-rescued (42.9%, 54/126). The most frequently reported reasons for giving up their animals were housing issues (44.2%, 23/52), followed by financial problems (30.8%, 16/52), and the guardian’s illness (11.5%, 6/52). Regarding the profile of the guardians taking part in this study, the majority were female (71.2%, 37/52), had completed high school (46.2%, 24/52), had children (65.4%, 34/52), and did not receive any social benefits (71.2%, 37/52). When guardians were offered alternative support to give up or keep the animal, 90.4% (47/52) said nothing would enable them to keep it. This study is a first step towards understanding animal abandonment in Brazil. Furthermore, it shows that few people are willing to resolve the situation that led to them wanting to give up the animal, demonstrating that dealing with abandonment goes far beyond an informed reason, which often seems to have the intention of supporting abandonment. Understanding human behavior in abandoning domestic animals is a significant challenge, as guardians rarely resolve the situation. Thus, developing ways of strengthening the human-animal bond will be necessary to propose coping measures.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Avaliando o impacto de um curso em Educação Humanitária Solucionária para professores | Evaluating the impact of a course in Solutionary Humane Education for teachers Texte intégral
2024
Costa, Maria Elisabete da | Dias, Elisângela Batista Vieira Salgueiro | Stacheski, Gabriela Vitória | Brugnerotto, Michele | Garcia, Rita de Cassia Maria | Costa, Maria Elisabete da | Dias, Elisângela Batista Vieira Salgueiro | Stacheski, Gabriela Vitória | Brugnerotto, Michele | Garcia, Rita de Cassia Maria
The contemporary global context is characterized by the presence of multifaceted challenges, including climate change, armed conflicts, socio-economic disparities, food shortages and animal cruelty. Humane Education is the pillar for changing people's behavior and attitudes towards the environment, animals and society in general, promoting understanding of the challenges faced and their origins, as well as transforming them in a positive way. The aim was to train teachers in transformative humanitarian education in order to prepare them to analyze global problems in a critical, systemic, strategic and creative way. In addition, it seeks to motivate them to search for solutions that maximize well-being and minimize harm in everyday life, as well as enabling them to use tools acquired in a school environment to encourage active citizenship among their students. The Solving Humanitarian Education course inspired by the experience of the Institute for Humane Education took place in online format on the UFPR Virtual platform from 07/03/2022 to 08/05/2022 for teachers from all over the country. The course was made up of issues related to human rights, social justice, sustainability, animal protection and other interconnected themes in a broad and solution oriented way divided into 9 modules.Participants' knowledge was assessed using a pre- and post-course questionnaires in a qualitative and quantitative way and a focus group. The course received 221 pre registrations and 50 of them completed the Initial Questionnaire and were enrolled. Of the 50 teachers registered in the course, 10 completed the entire program. An increase of empathy and compassion towards non-human beings was observed, and reflected in a change in their perceptions of the sentience of various animal species. There was a rising awareness on behalf of the professionals of seeking pragmatic solutions to challenges faced by their communities. | O contexto global contemporâneo se caracteriza pela presença de desafios multifacetados, abarcando questões como as mudanças climáticas, conflitos armados, disparidades socioeconômicas, escassez de alimentos e maus-tratos contra animais. A Educação Humanitária é o pilar para a mudança de comportamento e atitude das pessoas em relação ao meio ambiente, aos animais e à sociedade em geral, promovendo compreensão dos desafios enfrentados e suas origens, bem como sua transformação de maneira positiva. Objetivou-se capacitar docentes em Educação Humanitária transformadora com a finalidade de prepará-los a analisar, de maneira crítica, sistêmica, estratégica e criativa, os problemas globais. Ademais, visa motivá-los a buscar soluções que maximizem o bem-estar e minimizem o dano na vida cotidiana, além de habilitá-los a utilizar as ferramentas adquiridas no ambiente escolar para fomentar a cidadania ativa entre seus alunos. O curso Educação Humanitária Solucionária, inspirado na experiência do Institute for Humane Education, realizou-se no formato à distância pela plataforma UFPR Virtual, no período de 07/03/2022 a 08/05/2022, para professores de todo o país. O curso foi composto por questões relacionadas aos direitos humanos, justiça social, sustentabilidade, proteção animal e outros temas interconectados de uma forma ampla e solucionária, dividido em 9 módulos. O conhecimento dos participantes foi mensurado por meio de um grupo focal e questionários, pré e pós-curso, de forma quali-quantitativa. O curso recebeu 221 pré-inscrições, das quais 50 foram efetivadas por meio do preenchimento do Questionário Inicial. Dos 50 professores matriculados no Curso, 10 concluíram todo conteúdo programático. Observouse o aumento da empatia e compaixão relacionadas aos seres não humanos, refletido na alteração de suas percepções sobre a senciência de várias espécies animais. Constatou-se um crescente interesse por parte dos profissionais em buscar soluções pragmáticas e solucionadoras para os desafios que suas comunidades enfrentam.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Editorial | Editorial Texte intégral
2024
Garcia, Rita de Cassia Maria | Garcia, Rita de Cassia Maria
Editorial for the special Collective Veterinary Medicine | Editorial para o especial Medicina Veterinária do Coletivo
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Three-minute nebulization of gentamicin in healthy dogs results in therapeutic concentrations in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid while remaining below the toxic range values in blood. Texte intégral
2024
Lyssens, Aurélie | Biénès, Tom | Fastrès, Aline | Machiels, Hélène | Moreau, Camille | Tutunaru, Alexandru-Cosmin | DEVILLE, Marine | Charlier, Corinne | Clercx, Cécile | Billen, Frédéric
peer reviewed | [en] OBJECTIVE: To determine and compare the concentration of gentamicin in the lower airways and serum of healthy spontaneously breathing dogs after nebulization with 5% undiluted gentamicin during 3 versus 10 minutes. ANIMALS: 10 healthy experimental Beagles. METHODS: This was a prospective crossover study. A standardized bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) procedure was performed in each dog after 1 week of administration of each of 2 different gentamicin nebulization protocols separated by a 1-week washout period. The 2 protocols consisted of nebulization of 5% undiluted gentamicin (50 mg/mL) twice daily either during 10 minutes per session (± 95 mg; 10-minute protocol) or 3 minutes per session (± 28 mg; 3-minute protocol). BAL fluid (BALF) was obtained under general anesthesia using a bronchoscope within 15 minutes after administration of the last nebulization. Blood was collected within 5 minutes after BALF collection. BALF and serum gentamicin concentrations were determined by particle-enhanced turbidimetric inhibition immunoassay. Concentrations between protocols were compared using a paired t test. RESULTS: Both BALF and serum gentamicin concentrations were higher after the 10-minute protocol compared with the 3-minute protocol (mean ± SD: 2.41 ± 0.87 mg/L vs 1.25 ± 0.31 mg/L, P = .001; and 1.02 ± 0.59 mg/L vs 0.31 ± 0.24 mg/L, P < .0001 in BALF and serum, respectively), while the BALF-to-serum ratio did not differ between the protocols (3.75 [1.37 to 5.75] (median [IQR]) in the 3-minute protocol vs 2.48 [2.02 to 2.67] in the 10-minute protocol; P = .754). CLINICAL RELEVANCE: A 3-minute nebulization of gentamicin seems to achieve sufficient concentrations of gentamicin in the BALF to have good efficacy against aminoglycoside-sensitive bacteria while remaining below the toxic range values in blood.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Evaluation of the “3-minute search and collect” protocol for dog ectoparasite surveys in the domestic-wildlife interface area Texte intégral
2024
Kamyingkird, Ketsarin | Chimnoi, Wissanuwat | Pioch, Florian | Dupont, Sonia | Krieng-Udom, Areeya | Kritiyakan, Anamika | Phimpraphai, Waraphon | de Garine-Wichatitsky, Michel | Kasetsart University [Bangkok, Thailand] (KU) | Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT) ; Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT) | Université de Montpellier (UM) | Animal, Santé, Territoires, Risques et Ecosystèmes (UMR ASTRE) ; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Evaluation of the “3-minute search and collect” protocol for dog ectoparasite surveys in the domestic-wildlife interface area Texte intégral
2024
Kamyingkird, Ketsarin | Chimnoi, Wissanuwat | Pioch, Florian | Dupont, Sonia | Krieng-Udom, Areeya | Kritiyakan, Anamika | Phimpraphai, Waraphon | de Garine-Wichatitsky, Michel | Kasetsart University [Bangkok, Thailand] (KU) | Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT) ; Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT) | Université de Montpellier (UM) | Animal, Santé, Territoires, Risques et Ecosystèmes (UMR ASTRE) ; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Source Agritrop Cirad (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/612069/) | International audience | Background and Aim: Dog ectoparasites are a major concern regarding the emergence of several vector-borne zoonotic diseases associated with domestic dogs. Information on the quantified assessment of ectoparasite collection methods from dogs remains limited. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the ”3-minute method” for col- lecting dog ectoparasites in the human and wildlife border interface in Northern Thailand. Materials and Methods: The ”3-minute method” (TMM) was compared with the bath- ing-combing method (BCM) in 31 domestic dogs in the domestic-wildlife interface area, comprising 4 villages in Nan province, Thailand, from July 2022 to July 2023. All ectopara- sites were collected, and morphological identification was confirmed. The percentage of agreement between TMM and BCM was calculated using Kappa. A seasonal comparison of ectoparasite infestation was conducted using the TMM method. Results: Comparatively, the diversity of ectoparasites collected by TMM was revealed to be similar to the BCM method: ticks (Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Ixodida: Ixodidae), Hae- maphysalis spp. (Ixodida: Ixodidae), Dermacentor spp. (Ixodida: Ixodidae)), fleas (Cten- ocephalides felis orientis (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae), Ctenocephalides felis (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae)), and lice (Heterodoxus spp. (Phthiraptera: Boopiidae)). More ectoparasites were collected by the BCM than by the TMM method. The average efficiency percentages of TMM and BCM were 12.8% and 87.2%, respectively. The observed percentage agree- ment between BCM and TMM was very good (K = 0.9) for ticks, good (K = 0.7) for fleas, and moderate (K = 0.5) for lice. The diversity of ectoparasites in dogs living in the domestic dogs-wildlife interface area showed that there were 4 species of ectoparasites collected in the dry season compared to 6 species in the rainy season. Conclusion: The fast-body search for 3 minutes is a fast, inexpensive, and effective method for the identification and study of the diversity and abundance of ectoparasites from owned dogs when compared to bathing and combing methods with Amitraz. This method can be used as a non-invasive technique to collect ectoparasites from domesti- cated dogs for further study. Sharing ectoparasites from wildlife to domestic dogs in the domestic-wildlife interface area has reported.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Evaluation of the “3-minute search and collect” protocol for dog ectoparasite surveys in the domestic-wildlife interface area Texte intégral
2024
Kamyingkird, Ketsarin | Chimnoi, Wissanuwat | Pioch, Florian | Dupont, Sonia | Krieng-Udom, Areeya | Kritiyakan, Anamika | Phimpraphai, Waraphon | De Garine-Wichatitsky, Michel
Background and Aim: Dog ectoparasites are a major concern regarding the emergence of several vector-borne zoonotic diseases associated with domestic dogs. Information on the quantified assessment of ectoparasite collection methods from dogs remains limited. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the ”3-minute method” for col- lecting dog ectoparasites in the human and wildlife border interface in Northern Thailand. Materials and Methods: The ”3-minute method” (TMM) was compared with the bath- ing-combing method (BCM) in 31 domestic dogs in the domestic-wildlife interface area, comprising 4 villages in Nan province, Thailand, from July 2022 to July 2023. All ectopara- sites were collected, and morphological identification was confirmed. The percentage of agreement between TMM and BCM was calculated using Kappa. A seasonal comparison of ectoparasite infestation was conducted using the TMM method. Results: Comparatively, the diversity of ectoparasites collected by TMM was revealed to be similar to the BCM method: ticks (Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Ixodida: Ixodidae), Hae- maphysalis spp. (Ixodida: Ixodidae), Dermacentor spp. (Ixodida: Ixodidae)), fleas (Cten- ocephalides felis orientis (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae), Ctenocephalides felis (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae)), and lice (Heterodoxus spp. (Phthiraptera: Boopiidae)). More ectoparasites were collected by the BCM than by the TMM method. The average efficiency percentages of TMM and BCM were 12.8% and 87.2%, respectively. The observed percentage agree- ment between BCM and TMM was very good (K = 0.9) for ticks, good (K = 0.7) for fleas, and moderate (K = 0.5) for lice. The diversity of ectoparasites in dogs living in the domestic dogs-wildlife interface area showed that there were 4 species of ectoparasites collected in the dry season compared to 6 species in the rainy season. Conclusion: The fast-body search for 3 minutes is a fast, inexpensive, and effective method for the identification and study of the diversity and abundance of ectoparasites from owned dogs when compared to bathing and combing methods with Amitraz. This method can be used as a non-invasive technique to collect ectoparasites from domesti- cated dogs for further study. Sharing ectoparasites from wildlife to domestic dogs in the domestic-wildlife interface area has reported.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Genetic diversity and population structure of Echinococcus multilocularis: An in-silico global analysis Texte intégral
2024
Alshammari, Ayed | Subhani, Muhammad Irshad | Wakid, Majed H | Alkhaldi, Abdulsalam A M | Hussain, Shujaat | Malik, Muhammad Abdullah | Saqib, Muhammad | Qamar, Warda | Alvi, Mughees Aizaz
Genetic diversity and population structure of Echinococcus multilocularis: An in-silico global analysis Texte intégral
2024
Alshammari, Ayed | Subhani, Muhammad Irshad | Wakid, Majed H | Alkhaldi, Abdulsalam A M | Hussain, Shujaat | Malik, Muhammad Abdullah | Saqib, Muhammad | Qamar, Warda | Alvi, Mughees Aizaz
Objectives: Alveolar echinococcosis is caused by Echinococcus multilocularis, a parasite of zoonotic significance with a wide range of intermediate and final hosts, and the parasite survives successfully in diversified conditions. Plentiful studies have been done to study the genetic structure of the population of the parasite and the level of intimate kinship using mitochondrial (mt) DNA. The present study was conducted to investigate the population structure, genetic variation, and phylogenetic relationship of various isolates of E. multiocularis submitted to GenBank worldwide. Sequences of mt genes (mt-cytochrome c oxidase (cox1), mt-NADH dehydrogenase (nad1)) of E. multilocularis were analyzed to achieve the set goals. Materials and Methods: A total of 275 and 124 gene sequences of mt-cox1 and mt-nad1 belonging to E. multilocularis, respectively, were retrieved from the National Center for Biotechnology Information GenBank. The retrieved sequences were subjected to alignment with respective reference sequences using MEGA software. The PopArt software was used to establish median-joining networks, while DnaSp was used to calculate neutrality and diversity indices. MrBayes software was used to investigate the phylogenetic association between haplotypes based on Bayesian phylogeny. Results: Approximately 13 and 20 distinctive haplotypes of nad1 and cox1 genes, respectively, were observed in the present study. In both of the mt genes, diversity indices indicated low haplotype (mt-cox1 = 0.140; mt-nad1 = 0.374) and nucleotide (mt-cox1 = 0.00111; mt-nad1 = 0.00287) diversities. The values of Tajima’s D and Fu Fs for a population of both of the genes under study were found to be negative. Conclusion: This study is a maiden attempt to provide insights into the population structure and genetic variation of E. multilocularis on a global scale. However, it is suggested that to better understand the population structure and genetic diversity of E. multilocularis, more geographical locations and amplifications of full-length gene sequences should be considered, which could be helpful in widening the insights into the genetic diversity of E. multilocularis. Adv. Vet. Anim. Res., 11(2): 264-274, June 2024 http://doi.org/10.5455/javar.2024.k772
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Genetic diversity and population structure of Echinococcus multilocularis: An in-silico global analysis Texte intégral
2024
Ayed Alshammari | Muhammad Irshad Subhani | Majed H. Wakid | Abdulsalam A.M. Alkhaldi | Shujaat Hussain | Muhammad Abdullah Malik | Muhammad Saqib | Warda Qamar | Mughees Aizaz Alvi
Objectives: Alveolar echinococcosis is caused by Echinococcus multilocularis, a parasite of zoo¬notic significance with a wide range of intermediate and final hosts, and the parasite survives suc¬cessfully in diversified conditions. Plentiful studies have been done to study the genetic structure of the population of the parasite and the level of intimate kinship using mitochondrial (mt) DNA. The present study was conducted to investigate the population structure, genetic variation, and phylogenetic relationship of various isolates of E. multiocularis submitted to GenBank worldwide. Sequences of mt genes (mt-cytochrome c oxidase (cox1), mt-NADH dehydrogenase (nad1)) of E. multilocularis were analyzed to achieve the set goals. Materials and Methods: A total of 275 and 124 gene sequences of mt-cox1 and mt-nad1 belong¬ing to E. multilocularis, respectively, were retrieved from the National Center for Biotechnology Information GenBank. The retrieved sequences were subjected to alignment with respective reference sequences using MEGA software. The PopArt software was used to establish medi¬an-joining networks, while DnaSp was used to calculate neutrality and diversity indices. MrBayes software was used to investigate the phylogenetic association between haplotypes based on Bayesian phylogeny. Results: Approximately 13 and 20 distinctive haplotypes of nad1 and cox1 genes, respectively, were observed in the present study. In both of the mt genes, diversity indices indicated low haplo¬type (mt-cox1 = 0.140; mt-nad1 = 0.374) and nucleotide (mt-cox1 = 0.00111; mt-nad1 = 0.00287) diversities. The values of Tajima's D and Fu Fs for a population of both of the genes under study were found to be negative. Conclusion: This study is a maiden attempt to provide insights into the population structure and genetic variation of E. multilocularis on a global scale. However, it is suggested that to better understand the population structure and genetic diversity of E. multilocularis, more geographical locations and amplifications of full-length gene sequences should be considered, which could be helpful in widening the insights into the genetic diversity of E. multilocularis. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2024; 11(2.000): 264-274]
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]The effect of jicama (Pachyrhizus erosus L.) starch on the properties and probiotic potential of L. plantarum SN13T fermented milk Texte intégral
2024
Melia, Sri | Juliyarsi, Indri | Setiawan, Rizki D | Aritonang, Salam N | Alzahrah, Hurriya | Supandil, Doni
The effect of jicama (Pachyrhizus erosus L.) starch on the properties and probiotic potential of L. plantarum SN13T fermented milk Texte intégral
2024
Melia, Sri | Juliyarsi, Indri | Setiawan, Rizki D | Aritonang, Salam N | Alzahrah, Hurriya | Supandil, Doni
Objective: This study investigated the application of Jicama starch (Pachyrhizus erosus L.) as a stabilizing agent to enhance the longevity and integrity of fermented milk. Materials and Methods: Lactobacillus plantarum SN13T (6 gm/100 ml) and Jicama starch (2 gm/100 ml) were added into pasteurized milk (65°C, 30 min) and then incubated under anaerobic conditions at 37°C for 18 h. The fermented milk was stored at 4°C. The evaluation on proximate composition, pH, titratable acidity (TA), viscosity, water holding capacity (WHC), syneresis, total lactic acid bacteria (LAB), and hedonic sensory evaluation was conducted at 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days of storage. Results: Throughout the storage period, fermented milk enriched with Jicama starch significantly (p < 0.05) increased pH, TA, population dynamics of LAB, viscosity, WHC, and syneresis. It effectively sustained WHC and mitigated syneresis, thus ensuring the preservation of vital product quality. Furthermore, the quantity of LAB within the fermented milk consistently met the probiotic threshold of 84.50 × 108 CFU/ml. The hedonic sensory evaluation results indicated that fermented milk showed consistent sensory attributes throughout storage, except for overall acceptance, which declined on day 28. Conclusion: The addition of Jicama starch revealed a promising health probiotic product, presenting a viable avenue for delivering probiotic benefits to consumers while maintaining the palatability and efficacy of the product. Adv. Vet. Anim. Res., 11(2): 317-322, June 2024 http://doi.org/10.5455/javar.2024.k779
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]The effect of jicama (Pachyrhizus erosus L.) starch on the properties and probiotic potential of L. plantarum SN13T fermented milk Texte intégral
2024
Sri Melia | Indri Juliyarsi | Rizki D. Setiawan | Salam N. Aritonang | Hurriya Alzahrah | Doni Supandil
Objective: This study investigated the application of Jicama starch (Pachyrhizus erosus L.) as a stabilizing agent to enhance the longevity and integrity of fermented milk. Materials and Methods: Lactobacillus plantarum SN13T (6 gm/100 ml) and Jicama starch (2 gm/100 ml) were added into pasteurized milk (65°C, 30 min) and then incubated under anaerobic conditions at 37°C for 18 h. The fermented milk was stored at 4°C. The evaluation on proximate composition, pH, titratable acidity (TA), viscosity, water holding capacity (WHC), syneresis, total lactic acid bacteria (LAB), and hedonic sensory evaluation was conducted at 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days of storage. Results: Throughout the storage period, fermented milk enriched with Jicama starch significantly (p < 0.05) increased pH, TA, population dynamics of LAB, viscosity, WHC, and syneresis. It effectively sustained WHC and mitigated syneresis, thus ensuring the preservation of vital product quality. Furthermore, the quantity of LAB within the fermented milk consistently met the pro¬biotic threshold of 84.50 × 108 CFU/ml. The hedonic sensory evaluation results indicated that fermented milk showed consistent sensory attributes throughout storage, except for overall acceptance, which declined on day 28. Conclusion: The addition of Jicama starch revealed a promising health probiotic product, presenting a viable avenue for delivering probiotic benefits to consumers while maintaining the palatabil¬ity and efficacy of the product. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2024; 11(2.000): 317-322]
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Predicting dog tracheal diameter and length: A tool for improved intubation Texte intégral
2024
Khiao in, Maneenooch | Kananub, Suppada | Sritrakul, Tepyuda | Thamsatit, Pattarawadee | Theerawatanasirikul, Sirin | Srisowanna, Naparee
Predicting dog tracheal diameter and length: A tool for improved intubation Texte intégral
2024
Khiao in, Maneenooch | Kananub, Suppada | Sritrakul, Tepyuda | Thamsatit, Pattarawadee | Theerawatanasirikul, Sirin | Srisowanna, Naparee
Objective: This study aims to develop formulas for estimating tracheal diameter and length in dogs using easily measurable anatomical parameters. Materials and Methods: The samples consisted of 20 dogs of various breeds, comprising 10 males and 10 females, sourced from cadavers. The measured parameters included occipital tuberosity to tail base (OT), eye angle to ear tragus, nose to ear tragus, inner vertical diameters (IVD), and tracheal length (TL). The study conducted correlation and linear regression analyses, and subsequently, the formulated models underwent validation using 16 live dogs. The results were compared to radiographic measurements. Results: Linear regression recommended formulas based on OT, resulting in IVD (mm) = 0.203 × OT – 3.724 (r2 = 0.608, p < 0.001) and TL (cm) = 0.346 × OT–3.773 (r2 = 0.837, p < 0.001). The predicted tracheal diameter and length from formulas were slightly smaller than radiographic measurements (IVD = 2.76 ± 1.85 mm, p < 0.0001 and TL = 2.07 ± 1.81 cm, p < 0.0001). Conclusion: These formulas offer a practical way to estimate tracheal dimensions in live dogs, facilitating the selection of suitable endotracheal tube sizes and insertion depth. Further studies with larger sample sizes and consistent measurement methods can enhance the accuracy of these findings. Adv. Vet. Anim. Res., 11(2): 323-329, June 2024 http://doi.org/10.5455/javar.2024.k780
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Predicting dog tracheal diameter and length: A tool for improved intubation Texte intégral
2024
Maneenooch Khiao-in | Suppada Kananub | Tepyuda Sritrakul | Pattarawadee Thamsatit | Sirin Theerawatanasirikul | Naparee Srisowanna
Objective: This study aims to develop formulas for estimating tracheal diameter and length in dogs using easily measurable anatomical parameters. Materials and Methods: The samples consisted of 20 dogs of various breeds, comprising 10 males and 10 females, sourced from cadavers. The measured parameters included occipital tuberosity to tail base (OT), eye angle to ear tragus, nose to ear tragus, inner vertical diameters (IVD), and tracheal length (TL). The study conducted correlation and linear regression analyses, and subsequently, the formulated models underwent validation using 16 live dogs. The results were compared to radiographic measurements. Results: Linear regression recommended formulas based on OT, resulting in IVD (mm) = 0.203 × OT – 3.724 (r2 = 0.608, p < 0.001) and TL (cm) = 0.346 × OT–3.773 (r2 = 0.837, p < 0.001). The predicted tracheal diameter and length from formulas were slightly smaller than radiographic measurements (IVD = 2.76 ± 1.85 mm, p < 0.0001 and TL = 2.07 ± 1.81 cm, p < 0.0001). Conclusion: These formulas offer a practical way to estimate tracheal dimensions in live dogs, facilitating the selection of suitable endotracheal tube sizes and insertion depth. Further studies with larger sample sizes and consistent measurement methods can enhance the accuracy of these findings. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2024; 11(2.000): 323-329]
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