Twenty nine E. coli isolates were previously isolated from beef from slaughter house, and raw milk of different origin were collected from different parts in Basrah. Five E. coli isolates were identified as E.coli O157:H7 using O157 and H7 antisera. E. coli O157:H7 isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility test. The results showed that all tested bacteria were sensitive to gentamycin and Amikacin and resistant to amoxicillin and cefoxitim. The DNA of these isolates were amplified to detect verotoxins gene (vt1, 91bp) and pyelonephritis-associated pili gene ( pap,91bp). All the isolates were observed having (vt1) All the isolates were observed having (vt1) and pap genes.

A one hundred thirty two Awassi ewes aged between 1.5-4 years old suffering from dystocia, were brought by farmer to Veterinary Teaching Hospital related to College of Veterinary Medicine- University of Mosul-Mosul governorate- Iraq, treated during the lambing seasons for three years started from November 2010 to end of December 2012. Results of this study were recorded ring womb as main causes of dystocia, the maximum percentage was 81.8 %( 108,132). The other causes of dystocia were fetal mal-position 8.3% (11,132), narrow pelvic 5.3 %( 7,132), monster fetus %3.0(132,4), complicated cases (interfering more than one cause) 1.5%(2,132). although several methods of treatment have been tried, correction and manual treatment, hormonal treatment, cesarean section and fetotomy: Cesarean section had higher a positive response during treatment 61.2%, correction and manual traction recorded as second best treatment of dystocia 24.2%, hormonal treatment 12.8% and fetotomy 0.7%. It could be concluded that ringworm (maternal origin) was the major causes of dystocia in Iraqi Awassi ewes; cesarean section appears to be a safe and successful procedures for management of dystocia if performed as early as possible.

Fourty locally white soft cheese random samples were collected from different markets of Baghdad Algadeda city in order to investigate the presence of Salmonellae Spp. in cheese which produced and consumed locally in Baghdad. The samples were collected during the period from December 2011 to March 2012. The samples were directly transferred to the laboratory and analyzed immediately without further storage. The isolation and identification methods include: (pre-enrichment) culture stage by peptone water then (Selective enrichment) culture stage by selenite broth after that culturing on sold (Selective media) which was Bismuth Sulphate agar. The biotyping by using API strip according to the API 20E miniaturized identification system for Salmonella SPP.. The isolated Salmonella strains were transferred on Triple Sugar Iron agar to undergone stereotyping at the Institute of Public Health,Baghdad,Iraq. Data revealed that 2 out of the total 40 (5%) of the cheese samples were contaminated with Salmonella spp. Salmonella typhimurium was the only serotype that have been found.

This study was planned to assess the effect of laparoscopic ovarioctomy in bitches on estrogen and progesterone hormones levels pre and post operation . The hormonal analysis was performed by Serum which was extracted from blood samples , the hormonal test include ( estrogen and progesterone ) , by using a device called Mini vidas system hormones assay with the kit of Bio merio of same company and then results were recorded , which include decrease in level of ( estrogen and progesterone ) post operation in two groups , but the level of depression in group B ( bilateral laparoscopic ovarioctomy ) more than group A ( unilateral laparoscopic ovarioctomy

The present study was undertaken to find the alteration in some urine and serum parameters of urolithiasis rabbits induced by sodium oxalate .Animals were divided into two groups six in each, first group animals received only normal saline (0.9%) as control group , while second group animals were treated with sodium oxalate (70 mg / Kg b.w intraperitoneal ) daily for 15 days as treatment group . The results of urine analysis indicated that increased urine specific gravity , protein level and leukocytes , while decreased pH in treatment group as compared with control group , also observed that hemolysis in urine but there was no significant difference (p> 0.05) in urine level of glucose , Ketones , nitrite , urobilinogen and bilirubin in treatment group as compared with control group . The results of serum analysis indicated that there was no significant difference (p> 0.05) in serum level of calcium and phosphorus , while , increased serum level of sodium , potassium , uric acid and creatinine in treatment group as compared with control group . The study indicated that there was some changes in both urine and serum parameters in urolithasis .

The present study was carried out to evaluate the levels of copper, zinc and iron in buffaloes from different regions in Basra province. Serum samples were taken from (255)buffaloes and (20)soil samples from pastures as well as (20)samples of green forage grazed by the animals. Results divided the buffaloes into three groups, the first one was healthy 38(14.9%)of total buffaloes, second 17(6.6%) those were subclinically affected and the third group 200(78,4%) were clinically affected and revealed deficient values in comparison with other groups. Values of copper, zinc and iron were(70.3 ±0.867, 154±4.459,320±2.844) μg/dl, respectively for healthy control buffaloes, while the values of subclinical group were(59.7 ±0.384, 94.7±1.943 and 291.8±4.214) μg/dl respectively, and those of deficient group were(44.6±0.442, 78.4±1.069 and 229.1±4.098) μg/dl, respectively. The soil levels of copper, zinc and iron were(0.25 ±0.039, 0.72±0.032 and 5.9±0.301) μg/g respectively, and in forage (2.3±0.269, 23.8±0.486 and 25.5±0.641) μg/g , respectively. The main clinical signs of deficient group were; Alopecia, depigmentation, emaciation, parakeratosis and pale mucous membranes. In conclusion, the study exhibited values of minerals in buffaloes those were higher in healthy buffaloes than those of subclinical and deficient groups. Soil of Basra, was deficient in copper and zinc but normal in iron, while forages were deficient in those minerals.

In this study, the enteric parasites of zoo animals and zookeepers in Beni-Suef governorate, Egypt were investigated. Fecal samples from thirteen animal species were examined by floatation and formol ether sedimentation techniques. Zoo animals were classified into non-human primates, carnivores and herbivorous animals. The examination of non-human primates revealed the presence of Trichuris trichura eggs, Giardia intestinals and Entamoeba histolytica cysts. In carnivores, Toxoascaris leonina eggs and Isospora felis oocysts were the most predominant findings. In herbivore wild animals, gastrointestinal nematode (GIT) eggs and Eimeria species oocysts were present. Larval identification by fecal culture of (GIT) eggs demonstrated the presence of Haemonchus contortus and Strongyloid papillosus larvae. Examination of zookeepers and one lab worker revealed the presence of Giardia intestinals and Entamoeba histolytica cysts. In conclusion, infection with Giardia intestinals and Entamoeba histolytica in both of human and nonhuman primates suggests the zoonotic transmission in the zoo.

The present study was established to evaluate and compare stress response to anesthesia as well as surgery in sheep and goat. For this purpose, 5 rams and 5 bucks underwent anesthesia alone followed a week later by anesthesia with rumenotomy. Serum cortisol levels as well as differential leucocytic count were assayed just prior to anesthesia (0 time) and then after 1, 2, 4, 6 and 24 hours post anesthesia. In the second experiment, blood samples were collected just prior to anesthesia (0 time) then after half an hour (0 time post rumenotomy) then after 1, 2, 4, 6 and 24 hours post completion of rumenotomy. Serum cortisol levels in both species increased significantly and reach its peak one hour following anesthesia (3.31 ± 0.17 and 4.09 ± 0.12, respectively) which were higher than subsequent cortisol levels. In addition, Peak cortisol level in sheep obtained at 0 time post rumenotomy (4.39 ± 0.13) and 1 hour following rumenotomy in goat (3.45 ± 0.16). The significant increase in cortisol level persists for 6 hours and returns to normal level 24 hours following surgery.

Fatty liver is considered a serious problem in broilers as liver is the main organ involved in metabolism of all absorbed substances. In addition, fatty liver has a direct impact on the growth and performance of the chicken. One of the modern approach in controlling metabolic upset, is the use of probiotics, prebiotics in controlling this problems. Here we tried to summarize the protective role of some probiotics, prebiotics and other natural lipotropic factors and their mode of action against hperlipidemia and fatty liver in broilers.

The effect of rabies infection and vaccination on pregnancy was investigated in different groups of pregnant rats as an animal model. Intracerebral and intramuscular experimental infection with CVS rabies virus strain was applied on four pregnant rats groups at the middle (seven days after mating) and late stages of gestation (14 days after mating). Subcutaneous rout vaccination of other three pregnant rat groups five to seven days before; seven and 14 days after mating with the inactivated cell culture local rabies vaccine. Each group of infected rats showed clinical signs of rabies although their fetuses did not show any abnormalities. Virus recovery from the placenta and fetuses from dead and sacrificed animals failed to induce rabies signs in mice inoculated intracerebrally with placenta and fetus suspensions while brains of infected dams; through the routes; revealed positive FA by using fluorescent antibody technique. Vaccinated pregnant rats did not show any abnormalities with normal fetuses and good levels of specific rabies antibodies when estimated by serum neutralization test. These findings indicate that rabies vaccination of pregnant animals is safe and it could be recommended to protect both of dams and their offspring in the first months.