ABSTRACT The present study was performed on 80 samples of frozen fish . The samples were collected from different shops in Basrah city . Listeria spp. Was isolated (13%) of frozen fish , also they were counted in the examined samples. The mean counts were 8.75 x 102 CFU/g. of the fish . L. monocytogenes differentially identified from other Listeria species and could he isolated at (5%) in frozen fish . The drug susceptibility characterization of L. monocytogenes cleared that all isolates (100%) were resistant to Ampicilline and Gentanicine . while the other used antibiotics showed different degrees of antimicrobial sensitivity reactions for streptomycin , Tetracycline , Rifampicine and cefotexim

The present study included the collection of thyroid and parathyroid glands from the abattoirs of middle of Iraq in Summer and Winter seasons 2006-2007. The samples were fixed by 10% formalin and processed by the routine histological techniques, then stained by H and E, PAS and Van Gieson stain, then studied under light microscope. Dimensions were measured by ocular micrometer. Analysis of data was done by T-test. The most striking result declared that the thyroid gland showed no differences in histological characters between both seasons as the buffalo was poor thermoregulator animal. It is tempting to speculate that the thyroid gland provide an adaptive advantage for survival of the buffalo in the nature arid environment. The parafollicular cells (C-cells) were sparse and found singly in the thyroid glands. Flat dark nuclei of myoepithelial cells were recognized around the thyroid follicles. This study was referred to the presence of accessory thyroid gland which contains simple follicular epithelium, and little amount of the colloid. Our current study revealed the presence of internal and external parathyroids. The oxyphilic cells in the internal parathyroid gland were not observed. Note: this work in part of Master Science Thesis, submitted to the College of Veterinary Medicine, Baghdad University.

Proctodeal gland (foam gland) of adult male Asian quail (Coturnix coturnix) was studied microscopically. The study declared firstly the foamy appearance of the male quail proctodeal gland and assure its importance for the sexual activity and its absence from the female quail and its species specificity for only the male quail in comparison to the male turkey. The present work also try to compare functionally between male quail proctodeal gland and other accessory sex glands, such as Cowper's gland and seminal vesicle gland

ABSTRAT The aim of this study is an evaluation of mastectomy for removal of mammary glands tumors of bitches referring to histopathological aspect. During a period of three years extending from March 2007 till March 2010, seventeen bitches were presented to department of surgery-college of veterinary medicine-Baghdad, suffering from mammary glands tumors were treated surgically. Diagnosis of the cases was based on case history, clinical signs, in addition several photographs were taken to denote if there was metastases of the tumor to other organ or not. The definitive diagnosis was confirmed via histopathological examination of tumors biopsies. The surgical operations were done under the effect of general anesthesia represented by a combination of Ketamine–Xylazine preceding by atropine sulfate. All drugs injected I.M. Following surgery secondary health problems were happened in seven animals out of (17 treated cases). Histopathological examination of tumor biopsies obtained from affected glands revealed that the tumor was adenocarcinoma (malignant type). Finally we can concluded that surgery is an effective method to cure the mammary glands tumors in spite of secondary complications in some bitches, which all responds to treatment with the exception of the dead bitch.

In this study , it was aimed to isolate some Bacteria from some pulmonary lesions of various pathological conditions occurring in the lungs of cows. For this aims ,samples of the investigation were obtained through the examination of a total of (660)cows ranging from 3 to 10 years of age were examined for lungs affection during the period from November 2006 to July 2007 .Out of these samples ,(148) lung ,constituting (22.4%)suspected for abnormalities were selected . The encountered pulmonary lesions which found in our study were (148) cases (22.4%), included 11 various type of pulmonary lesions associated with bacterial isolation. Escherichia coli being the most frequently isolated organism and the number of it's isolates was (68), constituting (34.9%) of the overall number of isolates. The various bacterial isolates with different pulmonary lesions are mentioned and it's significance is discussed.

Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) of Rocky Mountain elk in North America. Recent studies suggest that tissue and blood mineral levels may be valuable in assessing TSE infection in sheep and cattle. The objectives of this study were to examine baseline levels of copper, manganese, magnesium, zinc, selenium, and molybdenum in the brains of Rocky Mountain elk with differing prion genotypes and to assess the association of mineral levels with CWD infection. Elk with leucine at prion position 132 had significantly lower magnesium levels than elk with 2 copies of methionine. Chronic wasting disease-positive elk had significantly lower magnesium than control elk. The incorporation of manganese levels in addition to magnesium significantly refined explanatory ability, even though manganese alone was not significantly associated with CWD. This study demonstrated that mineral analysis may provide an additional disease correlate for assessing CWD risk, particularly in conjunction with genotype.

Fifteen samples of fish fillets were collected from different Egyptian markets to detect the residues of some heavy metals in them. The average weights of fish fillets samples were 250g. The samples were separately packed in polyethylene bag and sent to the laboratory for preparation and analysis. All equipment surfaces and utensils which used in this study were thoroughly cleaned with detergent, rinsed with water, dried and then rinsed with 2-propanol solution. The samples were stored at –2C prior to analysis. The mean levels of lead and cadmium in fish fillets collected from the Egyptian markets were 1.51  0.34 and 0.60 0.0.25 mg/kg; respectively. The concentration of lead in fish muscle were less than the permissible heavy metal limit in fish meat (2.0 mg kg) as stated by the World Health Organization, also these results were in line with the corresponding EU regulations. However the level of cadmium concentration was over than the heavy metal limits in fish meat (0.5 mg/kg) for the World Health Organization.

Rabbit antisera were successfully prepared against chickens; turkey; ducks; geese; pigeons and quails as antispecies and conjugated with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC). The ability to use these antisera as homologous and heterologous antispecies was studied through the application of indirect fluorescent antibody technique (FAT) using specific antigens and antibodies of Newcastle; infectious bursal disease virus; duck plague virus; duck hepatitis virus; fowl cholera and pigeon paramyxo virus. The results showed that Titration of the prepared anti avian sera conjugated with FITC induced strong positive FAT reactions up to dilutions of 1:10000; 1:1000; 1: 100000; 1: 1000; 1: 100000 and 1:1000 for anti- chicken; anti-Turkey; ant-duck; ant-goose; anti-pigeon and antiquill sera respectively. It was found that homolgous species anti-sera showed strong positive FAT reaction (green apple fluorescing) scored as 4+ while hetrologous species anti-sera showed less degree of positive reactions ranged from 3+ to ± reaction showing that the usefulness of anti-sera as reagents in serological techniques is limited by the homogeneity and heterogeneity of such antisera. So, the present preparations could be used to low extent as heterologous anti-avian sera.

Clinical examination of 380 rearing sheep revealed that 30 animal were suffering from skin abscesses with an incidence of (7.89%). Bacteriological examination of 30 swabs from affected sheep revealed isolation of 30 isolates of C. pseudotuberculosis (48.39%) , 18 isolates of S. aureus (29.03%) and 14 isolates of S. aureus subsp. anaerobius (22.58).The isolated bacteria were identified morphologically and biochemically.The results of animal pathogenicity test showed that C. pseudotuberculosis isolates were 100% pathogenic to guinea pigs and 80% of S.aureus isolates were pathogenic to mice, while all isolates of S. aureus subsp. anaerobius were pathogenic to mice. The dead animals showed haemorrhage and symptoms of septicaemia, C. pseudotuberculosis, S.aureus and S. aureus subsp. anaerobius were reisolated from the dead animals. Antimicrobial sensitivity of C. pseudotuberculosis , S. aureus and S. aureus subsp. anaerobius isolates to some antimicrobial agents which usually used in farms showed that from 90% to 100% of C. pseudotuberculosis isolates were sensitive to erythromycin, amoxicillin, tetracycline ,streptomycin, ampicillin and rifampicin while S. aureus isolates (from 55% to 66%) were sensitive to rifampicin,tetracycline ,erythromycin and streptomycin, while S. aureus subsp. anaerobius isolates were moderately resistant to all used antimicrobial agents.

Tetanus toxoid for equines has been prepared by cultivation of C. tetani into new synthetic medium for production of high potent tetanus toxin which gave high flocculation units [90 Lf (Limit of flocculation)], and high minimum lethal dose (MLD) (600,000). Tetanus toxin was inactivated by formalin, and adsorbed on aluminum hydroxide gel as an adjuvant. It was inoculated into rabbits as a preliminary evaluation for its potency, showing the permissible units allowed to be used for vaccination of horse. The vaccine was tested in horses, which exhibited higher titer of specific antibodies persisted for 8 months post vaccination.