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O papel de pacas de cativeiro como potencial reservatório de fungos zoonóticos no Acre, Amazônia Ocidental, Brasil | The role of pacas of captivity as a potential reservoir of zoonotic fungi in Acre, Western Amazon, Brazil Texte intégral
2023
Oliveira, Tallison Filipe Lima de | Silva, Tamyres Izarelly Barbosa da | Ribeiro, Vania Maria França | Costa, Girclyhanne da Costa | Rocha, Jhonatan Henrique Lima da | Campelo, Marcos Bruno Zacarias | Nascimento, Breno Kalyl Freitas | Ribeiro, Sandra Albuquerque Lima | Oliveira, Tallison Filipe Lima de | Silva, Tamyres Izarelly Barbosa da | Ribeiro, Vania Maria França | Costa, Girclyhanne da Costa | Rocha, Jhonatan Henrique Lima da | Campelo, Marcos Bruno Zacarias | Nascimento, Breno Kalyl Freitas | Ribeiro, Sandra Albuquerque Lima
Animais silvestres podem ser reservatórios naturais de diferentes microrganismos, sendo fundamental o monitoramento destes patógenos para a geração de conhecimento e criação de ferramentas direcionadas a programas de prevenção e controle de enfermidades infecciosas, incluindo as zoonoses. Assim, objetivou-se relatar a diversidade fúngica da pele de pacas criadas em cativeiro no Acre, Amazônia Ocidental, Brasil. Foram avaliados 26 animais, dos quais amostras cutâneas foram colhidas por raspagem superficial, avulsão pilosa e escova plástica estéril. As amostras foram semeadas em ágar Mycosel e as características fenotípicas das colônias foram analisadas. Em 80,8% das amostras houve isolamento de diferentes fungos, dos gêneros Candida, Microsporum e Trichophyton, dentre outros. Esta é a primeira descrição da identificação de fungos na pele de pacas e sugere que estes animais podem ser considerados importantes reservatórios de microrganismos saprófitas ou patogênicos, de potencial zoonótico, na Amazônia Ocidental. | Wild animals can be natural reservoirs of different microorganisms, essential for monitoring these pathogens for the generation of knowledge and creation of tools aimed at programs for the prevention and control of infectious diseases, including zoonoses. The objective was to report the fungal diversity in the skin of pacas in captivity in Acre, Western Amazon, Brazil. Twenty-six animals were evaluated, from which skin samples were collected by superficial scraping, hair avulsion, and sterile plastic brush. The samples were seeded on Mycosel agar, and the phenotypic characteristics of the colonies were analyzed. In 80.8% of the samples, different fungi were isolated, from the genera Candida, Microsporum, and Trichophyton, among others. This is the first description of the identification of fungi in the skin of pacas and suggests that these animals can be considered essential reservoirs of saprophytic or pathogenic microorganisms with zoonotic potential in the Western Amazon.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Efeito da mastite subclínica bovina sobre a produção de leite e desempenho econômico de fazendas leiteiras brasileiras | Effect of bovine subclinical mastitis on milk production and economic performance of Brazilian dairy farms Texte intégral
2023
Gonçalves, Juliano Leonel | Freu, Gustavo | Garcia, Breno Luís Nery | Barcelos, Melina Melo | Alves, Bruna Gomes | Leite, Renata de Freitas | Monteiro, Camylla Pedrosa | Martins, Cristian Marlon de Magalhães Rodrigues | Tomazi, Tiago | Hogeveen, Henk | Santos, Marcos Veiga dos | Goncalves , Juliano Leonel | Freu, Gustavo | Garcia, Breno Luís Nery | Barcelos, Melina Melo | Alves, Bruna Gomes | Leite, Renata de Freitas | Monteiro, Camylla Pedrosa | Martins, Cristian Marlon de Magalhães Rodrigues | Tomazi, Tiago | Hogeveen, Henk | Santos, Marcos Veiga dos
Efeito da mastite subclínica bovina sobre a produção de leite e desempenho econômico de fazendas leiteiras brasileiras | Effect of bovine subclinical mastitis on milk production and economic performance of Brazilian dairy farms Texte intégral
2023
Gonçalves, Juliano Leonel | Freu, Gustavo | Garcia, Breno Luís Nery | Barcelos, Melina Melo | Alves, Bruna Gomes | Leite, Renata de Freitas | Monteiro, Camylla Pedrosa | Martins, Cristian Marlon de Magalhães Rodrigues | Tomazi, Tiago | Hogeveen, Henk | Santos, Marcos Veiga dos | Goncalves , Juliano Leonel | Freu, Gustavo | Garcia, Breno Luís Nery | Barcelos, Melina Melo | Alves, Bruna Gomes | Leite, Renata de Freitas | Monteiro, Camylla Pedrosa | Martins, Cristian Marlon de Magalhães Rodrigues | Tomazi, Tiago | Hogeveen, Henk | Santos, Marcos Veiga dos
O objetivo deste artigo de revisão foi compilar os principais resultados obtidos em estudos brasileiros publicados em periódicos indexados, relacionados ao efeito da mastite subclínica (MS) sobre a produção e a rentabilidade de rebanhos leiteiros. Para isso, foram consideradas duas abordagens: (i) diagnóstico da mastite [com base na contagem de células somáticas (CCS) e na cultura microbiológica] e, (ii) estratégia de amostragem do leite (quartos mamários, amostras compostas de vacas e do tanque de rebanhos). A MS é a forma mais frequente de mastite em fazendas leiteiras, mas nem sempre seu impacto é compreendido adequadamente. A ausência de alterações visuais do leite, nos quartos mamários e/ou sistêmicas nas vacas acometidas dificulta o diagnóstico da MS, diminuindo a percepção das perdas e, consequentemente, levando os produtores a subestimarem os impactos na produção de leite e na rentabilidade dos rebanhos. O impacto da MS sobre a produção de leite e o desempenho econômico das fazendas leiteiras depende do patógeno causador da doença, do estágio da lactação e do número de parições das vacas. Assim, a estimativa das perdas causadas pela MS sobre produção de leite e o desempenho econômico das fazendas leiteiras pode ser usada para a tomada de decisões de implementação de medidas de controle da MS. De modo geral, o controle da MS requer a implantação de medidas especificas para cada rebanho, de acordo com o período em que há maior frequência de casos, o perfil de transmissão da doença e tipo de agente envolvido nos casos de mastite. Por isso, o monitoramento do rebanho pelo uso da CCS das vacas do rebanho, diagnóstico microbiológico de agentes causadores de MS, o uso de protocolos de secagem eficientes e medidas adicionais de manejo, são essenciais para o controle da mastite, qualidade do leite e desempenho econômico de fazendas leiteiras. | This review summarized the significant results from Brazilian studies published in peer-reviewed scientific papers about the effect of bovine subclinical mastitis (SM) on economic performance and milk production. Different approaches were considered for (i) disease detection (indirect measurement of somatic cell count (SCC) and directly using microbiological culture) and (ii) milk sampling strategy (mammary quarters, composite cow samples, and bulk milk tank). Globally, bovine mastitis is the most common disease of dairy herds, and the subclinical presentation is the most frequent. Dairy farmers usually underestimate the economic losses associated with SM because no visual changes in milk and quarters, udder, and systemic symptoms are observed. SM reduces milk yield and quality, reducing dairy herds’ profitability. The estimation of losses depends on the causative pathogen, the lactation stage, and the parity of affected cows. Thus, estimating the economic caused by SM in milk production and economic performance in dairy herds can be used to decide which mastitis control strategies to adopt. Mastitis control involves adopting specific measures associated with the characteristics of each herd, the period of the highest frequency of cases, the transmission form, and the profile of the pathogens involved in cases of intramammary infection. Thus, using individual SCC, the microbiological identification of pathogens causing SM, adopting efficient drying-off protocols, and other management practices are essential for mastitis control, improved milk quality, and greater profitability of dairy herds.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Effect of bovine subclinical mastitis on milk production and economic performance of Brazilian dairy farms Texte intégral
2023
Goncalves, Juliano L. | Freu, Gustavo | Garcia, Breno L.N. | Barcelos, Melina M. | Alves, Bruna G. | de Freitas Leite, Renata | Pedrosa Monteiro, Camylla | Martins, M. | Tomazi, Tiago | Hogeveen, Henk | Veiga dos Santos, Marcos
This review summarized the significant results from Brazilian studies published in peer-reviewed scientific papers about the effect of bovine subclinical mastitis (SM) on economic performance and milk production. Different approaches were considered for (i) disease detection (indirect measurement of somatic cell count (SCC) and directly using microbiological culture) and (ii) milk sampling strategy (mammary quarters, composite cow samples, and bulk milk tank). Globally, bovine mastitis is the most common disease of dairy herds, and the subclinical presentation is the most frequent. Dairy farmers usually underestimate the economic losses associated with SM because no visual changes in milk and quarters, udder, and systemic symptoms are observed. SM reduces milk yield and quality, reducing dairy herds’ profitability. The estimation of losses depends on the causative pathogen, the lactation stage, and the parity of affected cows. Thus, estimating the economic caused by SM in milk production and economic performance in dairy herds can be used to decide which mastitis control strategies to adopt. Mastitis control involves adopting specific measures associated with the characteristics of each herd, the period of the highest frequency of cases, the transmission form, and the profile of the pathogens involved in cases of intramammary infection. Thus, using individual SCC, the microbiological identification of pathogens causing SM, adopting efficient drying-off protocols, and other management practices are essential for mastitis control, improved milk quality, and greater profitability of dairy herds.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Co-infecção de Cytauxzoon felis, Mycoplasma haemofelis e vírus da imunodeficiência felina em gato doméstico em Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brasil | Co-infection of Cytauxzoon felis, Mycoplasma haemofelis, and the feline immunodeficiency virus in a domestic cat in Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil Texte intégral
2023
Fenelon, Ana Carolina Guimarães | Hora, Aline Santana da | Silva, Karolinna Lourenço da | Oliveira, Gustavo Henrique Batista de | Gonçalves, Marianne Souto e Silva | Pastor, Felipe Martins | Barbosa, Fernando Cristino | Siqueira, Marco Túlio Santos | Rosalinski-Moraes, Fernanda
Cytauxzoon felis é um hemoparasita que possui capacidade de infectar felídeos domésticos e selvagens. Estudos sugerem que os felídeos selvagens sejam os principais reservatórios do protozoário e a transmissão ocorre através da picada de um carrapato infectado. Os micoplasmas hemotrópicos são bactérias Gram negativas responsáveis por anemia hemolítica grave. O vírus da imunodeficiência felina (FIV) é um retrovírus com capacidade de gerar imunossupressão no hospedeiro e infecção persistente. O presente trabalho descreve um caso de co-infecção de Cytauxzoon felis, Mycoplasma haemofelis e vírus da imunodeficiência felina (FIV) em um gato. Um felino proveniente da zona rural foi internado no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, em Uberlândia-MG. Foram coletadas amostras de sangue total fresco para a realização de hemograma, análise enzimática, extração de DNA, PCR em tempo real para detecção de Cytauxzoon felis e Mycoplasma haemofelis e o teste de ELISA Point of Care para Antígenos de vírus da leucemia felina (FeLV) e anticorpos para o vírus da imunodeficiência felina (FIV). Em esfregaço foram observados piroplasmas compatíveis com Cytauxzoon spp. e os resultados dos testes realizados foram positivos para Cytauxzoon felis, Mycoplasma haemofelis e FIV. | Cytauxzoon felis is a hemoparasite capable of infecting domestic and wild cats. Studies suggest that wild cats are the main reservoirs of the protozoan, and transmission occurs through the bite of an infected tick. Hemotropic mycoplasmas are Gram-negative bacteria responsible for severe hemolytic anemia. The feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) is a retrovirus capable of generating immunosuppression in the host and persistent infection. The present work describes a case of co infection of Cytauxzoon felis, Mycoplasma haemofelis, and feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) in a cat. A feline from the rural area was admitted to the Veterinary Hospital of Uberlândia - MG of the Federal University of Uberlândia. Fresh whole blood samples were collected for blood count, enzymatic analysis, DNA extraction, real-time PCR for the detection of Cytauxzoon felis and Mycoplasma haemofelis, and the Point of Care ELISA test for Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV) antigens and antibodies to feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV). Piroplasms compatible with Cytauxzoon spp. were observed in the smear, and the tests performed were positive for Cytauxzoon felis, Mycoplasma haemofelis, and FIV.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Biometria ocular em serpentes da espécie Python bivittatus mantidas em cativeiro | Ocular biometry of snakes of the species Python bivittatus kept in captivity Texte intégral
2023
Agostinho, Inghrid Caroline Coutinho | Martins, Jessica Amancio | Balbueno, Melina Castilho Souza | Coelho, Cidéli de Paula | Martins Júnior, Raul | Agostinho, Inghrid Caroline Coutinho | Martins, Jessica Amancio | Balbueno, Melina Castilho Souza | Coelho, Cidéli de Paula | Martins Júnior, Raul
Durante o desenvolvimento embriológico as pálpebras das cobras se fundem e não reabrem mais como nos mamíferos, elas se tornam transparentes formando uma escama ocular, uma estrutura transparente que cobre os olhos. A escama ocular tem como principal função fornecer uma barreira física para proteger o olho na ausência de pálpebras. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar a biometria ocular das serpentes Python bivittatus. O exame ultrassonográfico ocular foi realizado com um aparelho de ultrassom Logic E, GE, Estados Unidos, com sonda linear 10-22 MHz, utilizou-se gel de condução para realizar o contato do transdutor com a córnea dos 4 animais avaliados. As medidas avaliadas foram a profundidade da câmara anterior, espessura da lente, a profundidade do vítreo e o comprimento axial do globo ocular. Foram realizadas imagens obtendo as medidas do comprimento axial do globo ocular, câmara anterior, espessura da lente e a profundidade do vítreo. As estruturas intraoculares medidas foram, respectivamente: 0,05 ± 0,02 cm para espessura da córnea no olho direito e 0,04 ± 0,007 cm no olho esquerdo, 0,11 ± 0,04 cm para a profundidade da câmara anterior nos olhos direito e esquerdo, 0,36 ± 0,07 cm para a espessura da lente do olho direito e 0,39 ± 0,05 cm do olho esquerdo, 0,35 ± 0,05 para a profundidade da câmara vítrea no olho direito e 0,31 ± 0,02 cm no olho esquerdo e 0,85 ± 0,18 cm para o comprimento do globo no plano axial no olho direito e 0,85 ± 0,14 cm no olho esquerdo. O conhecimento dos parâmetros anatômicos e oftalmológicos das serpentes é escasso e a incidência de doenças oculares ainda é pouco conhecida, o que torna necessário mais estudos relacionados ao tema. | During embryological development, the eyelids of snakes fuse and no longer open like in mammals. They become transparent, thus forming spectacles, a transparent structure that covers the eyes. The primary function of these spectacles is to provide a physical barrier to protect the eyes without eyelids. This study aimed to evaluate the ocular biometry of Python bivittatus snakes. Ocular ultrasound examinations were performed on four individuals using the Logic E ultrasound device (GE, United States) with a 10-22 MHz linear probe. Conduction gel was used to make transducer contact with the cornea in these snakes. Images were obtained to evaluate the following measurements: axial length of the eyeball, anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, and vitreous depth. These measurements of intraocular structures were, respectively: 0.05 ± 0.02 cm for corneal thickness in the right eye and 0.04 ± 0.007 cm in the left eye; 0.11 ± 0.04 cm for anterior chamber depth in the right and left eyes; 0.36 ± 0.07 cm for the lens thickness in the right eye and 0.39 ± 0.05 cm in the left eye; 0.35 ± 0.05 for the depth of the vitreous chamber in the right eye and 0.31 ± 0.02 cm in the left eye; and 0.85 ± 0.18 cm for the length of the globe in the axial plane in the right eye and 0.85 ± 0.14 cm in the left eye. Knowledge of snakes’ anatomical and ophthalmological parameters is scarce, and the incidence of eye diseases is still little known, making further studies necessary.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Assessment of tuberculosis biomarkers in paratuberculosis-infected cattle Texte intégral
2023
Klepp, Laura Ines | Colombatti Olivieri, Maria Alejandra | Moyano, Roberto Damian | Romano, Maria Isabel | Malovrh, Tadej | Ocepek, Matjaž | Blanco, Federico Carlos | Bigi, Fabiana
Assessment of tuberculosis biomarkers in paratuberculosis-infected cattle Texte intégral
2023
Klepp, Laura Ines | Colombatti Olivieri, Maria Alejandra | Moyano, Roberto Damian | Romano, Maria Isabel | Malovrh, Tadej | Ocepek, Matjaž | Blanco, Federico Carlos | Bigi, Fabiana
Introduction: Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, respectively the causative agents of bovine tuberculosis (bTB) and bovine paratuberculosis (PTB), share a high number of antigenic proteins. This characteristics makes the differential diagnosis of the diseases difficult. The interferon gamma (IFN-γ), C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10), matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9), interleukin 22 (IL-22) and thrombospondin 1 (THBS1) bovine genes have already been shown to be accurate transcriptional biomarkers of bTB. In order to improve the diagnosis of bTB and PTB, in the present study we evaluated the risk of false positivity of these bTB biomarkers in cattle with PTB. Material and methods: The transcription of these genes was studied in 13 PTB-infected cattle, using Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP)-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Results: Overall, the levels of IFN-γ, CXCL10, MMP9 and IL-22 transcripts in MAP-stimulated PBMC failed to differentiate animals with PTB from healthy animals. However, as bTB-afflicted cattle do, the MAP-infected group also displayed a lower level of THBS1 transcription than the non-infected animals. Conclusion: The results of this study add new specificity attributes to the levels of transcription of IFN-γ, CXCL10, MMP9 and IL-22 as biomarkers for bTB. | Instituto de Biotecnología | Fil: Klepp, Laura Ines. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO); Argentina | Fil: Klepp, Laura Ines. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina | Fil: Colombatti Olivieri, Maria Alejandra. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular; Argentina | Fil: Colombatti Olivieri, Maria Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina | Fil: Moyano, Roberto Damian. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular; Argentina | Fil: Moyano, Roberto Damian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina | Fil: Romano, Maria Isabel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular; Argentina | Fil: Romano, Maria Isabel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina | Fil: Malovrh, Tadej. University of Ljubljana. Veterinary Faculty. Institute for Microbiology and Parasitology; Eslovenia | Fil: Ocepek, Matjaž. University of Ljubljana. Veterinary Faculty. Institute for Microbiology and Parasitology; Eslovenia | Fil: Blanco, Federico Carlos. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO); Argentina | Fil: Blanco, Federico Carlos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina | Fil: Bigi, Fabiana. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO); Argentina | Fil: Bigi, Fabiana. Consejo Nacional de investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas; Argentina
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Assessment of tuberculosis biomarkers in paratuberculosis-infected cattle Texte intégral
2023
Klepp Laura I. | Colombatti María A. | Moyano Roberto D. | Romano María I. | Malovrh Tadej | Ocepek Matjaž | Blanco Federico C. | Bigi Fabiana
Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, respectively the causative agents of bovine tuberculosis (bTB) and bovine paratuberculosis (PTB), share a high number of antigenic proteins. This characteristics makes the differential diagnosis of the diseases difficult. The interferon gamma (IFN-γ), C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10), matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9), interleukin 22 (IL-22) and thrombospondin 1 (THBS1) bovine genes have already been shown to be accurate transcriptional biomarkers of bTB. In order to improve the diagnosis of bTB and PTB, in the present study we evaluated the risk of false positivity of these bTB biomarkers in cattle with PTB.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Dynamic contrast-enhanced computed tomography in 11 dogs with orofacial tumors. Texte intégral
2023
Mortier, Jérémy | Maddox, Thomas W | Blackwood, Laura | La Fontaine, Matthew D | Busoni, Valeria
peer reviewed | [en] OBJECTIVE: Treatment of orofacial tumors in dogs is associated with high morbidity and reliable prognostic factors are lacking. Dynamic contrast-enhanced computed tomography (DCECT) can be used to assess tumor perfusion. The objectives of this study were to describe the perfusion parameters of different types of orofacial tumors and to describe the changes in perfusion parameters during radiotherapy (RT) in a subset of them. ANIMALS: 11 dogs with orofacial tumors prospectively recruited. CLINICAL PRESENTATION AND PROCEDURES: All dogs had baseline DCECT to assess blood volume (BV), blood flow (BF), and transit time (TT). Five dogs had repeat DCECT during megavoltage RT. RESULTS: 5 squamous cell carcinomas, 3 sarcomas, 1 melanoma, 1 histiocytic sarcoma, and 1 acanthomatous ameloblastoma were included. Blood volume and BF were higher in squamous cell carcinomas than in sarcomas, although no statistical analysis was performed. At repeat DCECT, 4 dogs showed a reduction in the size of their tumor during RT. Among these dogs, 3 showed an increase in BV and BF and 1 a decrease in these parameters between the baseline and the follow-up DCECT. The only dog whose tumor increased in size between the first and the second DCECT showed a decrease in BV and BF. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Perfusion parameters derived from DCECT were described in a series of dogs with various types of orofacial tumors. The results suggest that epithelial tumors could have higher BV and BF than mesenchymal tumors, although larger sample sizes are needed to support these preliminary findings.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Rams sexually activated in spring by light treatment stimulate social and sexual activities in non-activated rams Texte intégral
2023
Palacios, Carlos | Martínez-López, Alam, A | Campos-Marmolejo, Silvia, A | Plaza, Javier | Keller, Matthieu | Chemineau, Philippe | Delgadillo, Jose, A | Abecia, José, A | Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Ambientales ; Partenaires INRAE | Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, UNAM ; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México = National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) | Physiologie de la reproduction et des comportements [Nouzilly] (PRC) ; Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation [Saumur] (IFCE)-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro (UAAAN) | Instituto Universitario en investigación en Ciencias Ambientales de Aragón (IUCA) ; Universidad de Zaragoza = University of Zaragoza [Saragossa University] = Université de Saragosse
International audience | Twelve rams were used to confirm whether rams sexually activated in spring by light treatment increase social and sexual activities of non-treated rams in the presence of ewes. Males were divided into 2 groups: light-treated rams (group L, n = 6), which were exposed to artificial long days (16 h light) for 2 months (1 Nov-31 Dec), or non-exposed, control rams (group C, n = 6), exposed to the natural pho-toperiod. At the end of the long-day period, light-treated rams were returned to the natural photoperiod, groups isolated from each other. In mid-Feb, 3 rams from each group were put together such that 4 ex-perimental groups were created: the remaining light-treated rams (L, n = 3), the remaining control rams (C, n = 3), and the other treated (L-mixed n = 3) and non-treated (C-mixed, n = 3) rams, exposed to 30, 30, and 60 ewes, respectively, in 3 separate paddocks. To identify each ram, large (30-cm-high) numbers were painted on the sides and rump of the males with washable sheep spray paint. Behaviors were doc-umented by 4 video cameras using 6 30-minute segments from 1600 to 1800 h the following day (27 hours). C rams presented the lowest proportion of activities ( P < 0.01), and C-mixed rams exhibited pro-portions similar to L and L-mixed rams. C rams exhibited the fewest fight attempts ( P < 0.001), fighting ( P < 0.05), pushing ( P < 0.001), and sniffing another ram. The groups differed significantly ( P < 0.001) in pushing, pawing, flehmen, and attempt mounting, and C rams had the fewest interactions. In conclusion, rams exposed to 2 months of long days at late-autumn early-winter increased social and sexual activities of unexposed rams. These observations can be explained by a "ram-to-ram effect", which can enhance the endocrine activity of rams in sexual rest if they are joined with rams who have been made sexually active by a photoperiodic treatment. These findings suggest that socio-sexual interactions could be used to restrict out-of-season reproduction in this species.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Transplacental transmission of equine piroplasmosis Texte intégral
2023
Hermans, Lisa-Marie | Leblond, Agnès | Josson, Anne | Bonsergent, Claire | Malandrin, Laurence | VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS) | Unité Mixte de Recherche d'Épidémiologie des maladies Animales et zoonotiques (UMR EPIA) ; VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | Biologie, Epidémiologie et analyse de risque en Santé Animale (BIOEPAR) ; École nationale vétérinaire, agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
2/3 | International audience
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Survivability of Lactobacillus plantarum in nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt) flesh extract and its effect on the performance of broiler chicken Texte intégral
2023
Sapsuha, Yusri | Hasan, Said | Nur, Amran
Survivability of Lactobacillus plantarum in nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt) flesh extract and its effect on the performance of broiler chicken Texte intégral
2023
Sapsuha, Yusri | Hasan, Said | Nur, Amran
Objective: This study aimed to see if increasing the concentration of nutmeg flesh extract in vitro could increase the growth of Lactobacillus plantarum bacteria and if it had any effect on broiler chicken performance. Materials and Methods: Different concentrations of nutmeg flesh extract (5, 10, 15, and 20/100 ml distilled water) were combined with 10 ml L. plantarum (bacterial concentration 1 × 109 cfu/ ml) to produce synbiotics. A total of 250 unsexed Lohmann broiler chickens were reared together from 0 to 7 days of age in the in vivo study. Beginning on day 8, synbiotics nutmeg flesh extract and L. plantarum were added to the ration in amounts of 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 ml/kg for T1, T2, T3, and T4, respectively, while no synbiotics were added to the control diet (T0). Results: The levels of nutmeg flesh extract had a significant (p < 0.05) effect on L. plantarum growth. In the survival test against gastric acid, bile salts, and temperature, the addition of nutmeg flesh extract (20/100 ml distilled water) significantly (p < 0.05) maintained the population of L. plantarum. In vivo studies showed that the T1,T2,T3, and T4 groups gained more body weight (p < 0.05) than the T0 group during the rearing period but had no effect (p > 0.05) on the internal organ weight and carcass of broiler chickens. Conclusions: Nutmeg flesh extract could stimulate the growth of L. plantarum bacteria, and using it as a synbiotic could improve broiler chicken performance. J. Adv. Vet. Anim. Res., 10(1): 42–50, March 2023 http://doi.org/10.5455/javar.2023.j650
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Survivability of Lactobacillus plantarum in nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt) flesh extract and its effect on the performance of broiler chicken Texte intégral
2023
Yusri Sapsuha | Said Hasan | Amran Nur
Objective: This study aimed to see if increasing the concentration of nutmeg flesh extract in vitro could increase the growth of Lactobacillus plantarum bacteria and if it had any effect on broiler chicken performance. Materials and Methods: Different concentrations of nutmeg flesh extract (5, 10, 15, and 20/100 ml distilled water) were combined with 10 ml L. plantarum (bacterial concentration 1 × 109 cfu/ ml) to produce synbiotics. A total of 250 unsexed Lohmann broiler chickens were reared together from 0 to 7 days of age in the in vivo study. Beginning on day 8, synbiotics nutmeg flesh extract and L. plantarum were added to the ration in amounts of 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 ml/kg for T1, T2, T3, and T4, respectively, while no synbiotics were added to the control diet (T0). Results: The levels of nutmeg flesh extract had a significant (p < 0.05) effect on L. plantarum growth. In the survival test against gastric acid, bile salts, and temperature, the addition of nut¬meg flesh extract (20/100 ml distilled water) significantly (p < 0.05) maintained the population of L. plantarum. In vivo studies showed that the T1,T2,T3, and T4 groups gained more body weight (p < 0.05) than the T0 group during the rearing period but had no effect (p > 0.05) on the internal organ weight and carcass of broiler chickens. Conclusions: Nutmeg flesh extract could stimulate the growth of L. plantarum bacteria, and using it as a synbiotic could improve broiler chicken performance. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2023; 10(1.000): 42-50]
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Gastrodia elata rhizoma ameliorates thioacetamide-induced liver injury in dogs Texte intégral
2023
Yoon, Hye Bin | Cho, Jeong Hwi | Kim, Jung Soo | Kim, Jun Hee | Oh, Hong Geun | Kim, Chang Su | Song, Young Eun | Adam, Gareeballah Osman | Park, Yang Gyu
Gastrodia elata rhizoma ameliorates thioacetamide-induced liver injury in dogs Texte intégral
2023
Yoon, Hye Bin | Cho, Jeong Hwi | Kim, Jung Soo | Kim, Jun Hee | Oh, Hong Geun | Kim, Chang Su | Song, Young Eun | Adam, Gareeballah Osman | Park, Yang Gyu
Objective: The study aimed to investigate the hepatoprotective effects of Gastrodia elata rhizome (GR) on thioacetamide (TAA)-induced liver injury in dogs. We evaluated serum biochemical and hematological parameters, with emphasis on alanine transaminase (ALT), alanine phosphates (ALP), and nitric oxide (NO) levels, in dogs with TAA-induced liver injury. Materials and Methods: The animals were divided into a control group (Con), TAA group, Silymarin group (Sil, 50 mg/kg), Gastrodia rhizome low dose (GRL) (low) + TAA, GRH (high) + TAA, and GR high-dose group (GRH) control group. GRL and GRH were given daily at 50 and 100 mg/kg, respectively. TAA was given on days 1, 4, and 7 at a dose of 300 mg/kg. Results: GR significantly reduced liver injury in treated animals, as indicated by lowered levels of ALT (about 32% at day 21 in both GRL + TAA and GRH + TAA groups), ALP (about 17% and 21% at day 21 in both GRL + TAA, GRH + TAA groups, respectively), and NO (about 36% at day 21 in both GRL + TAA, GRH + TAA groups) compared to the TAA control group. Hematological parameters showed mild changes during the experiment. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis revealed gastrodin, a major component of the GR extract, constitutes 2.6% of the extract. Conclusion: The GR demonstrated significant hepatoprotective effects against TAA-induced liver injury in dogs. The study provides evidence for the potential therapeutic use of GR in the management of liver diseases. J. Adv. Vet. Anim. Res., 10(2): 144–150, June 2023 http://doi.org/10.5455/javar.2023.j663
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Gastrodia elata rhizoma ameliorates thioacetamide-induced liver injury in dogs Texte intégral
2023
Hye-Bin Yoon | Jeong-Hwi Cho | Jung-Soo Kim | Jun-Hee Kim | Hong-Geun Oh | Chang-Su Kim | Young-Eun Song | Gareeballah Osman Adam | Yang-Gyu Park
Objective: The study aimed to investigate the hepatoprotective effects of Gastrodia elata rhi¬zome (GR) on thioacetamide (TAA)-induced liver injury in dogs. We evaluated serum biochemical and hematological parameters, with emphasis on alanine transaminase (ALT), alanine phosphates (ALP), and nitric oxide (NO) levels, in dogs with TAA-induced liver injury. Materials and Methods: The animals were divided into a control group (Con), TAA group, Silymarin group (Sil, 50 mg/kg), Gastrodia rhizome low dose (GRL) (low) + TAA, GRH (high) + TAA, and GR high-dose group (GRH) control group. GRL and GRH were given daily at 50 and 100 mg/kg, respectively. TAA was given on days 1, 4, and 7 at a dose of 300 mg/kg. Results: GR significantly reduced liver injury in treated animals, as indicated by lowered levels of ALT (about 32% at day 21 in both GRL + TAA and GRH + TAA groups), ALP (about 17% and 21% at day 21 in both GRL + TAA, GRH + TAA groups, respectively), and NO (about 36% at day 21 in both GRL + TAA, GRH + TAA groups) compared to the TAA control group. Hematological parameters showed mild changes during the experiment. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis revealed gastrodin, a major component of the GR extract, constitutes 2.6% of the extract. Conclusion: The GR demonstrated significant hepatoprotective effects against TAA-induced liver injury in dogs. The study provides evidence for the potential therapeutic use of GR in the man¬agement of liver diseases. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2023; 10(2.000): 144-150]
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