Hemomycoplasmosis caused by Mycoplasma ovis was diagnosed in sheep of Basrah Governorate .The study were conducted on (225) sheep reared in different areas of Basrah governorate . Animals are of different ages and of both sexes. Twenty five clinically healthy sheep were considered as controls .Complete clinical examinations were applied to all animals, and fecal samples screened for parasitic loud. Results revealed that infected sheep show signs of anorexia , anemia with pale or icteric mucous membranes of eyes and vagina , rapid and difficult respiration , enlargement of superficial lymph nodes, rough wool coat and hemoglobinuria, Moreover milk production were decreased in lactating ewes . On clinical examinations statistically significant increase were indicated in body temperature ,respiratory and heart rate of diseased sheep then in controls. Diagnosis of Mycoplasma ovis were leant on examination of stained blood smears with Giemsa ,Since the organism appear as small coccoid or rod shape structures and it could be found as an singular or in chains on the cell membranes of infected erythrocytes of diseased animals , Furthermore the diagnosis were confirmed by indirect Elisa test . Results of hematological examinations show significant decrease in the values of total erythrocytes count ,hemoglobin concentration and packed cell volume indicating macrocytic normochromic type of anemia, However , the rate of sedimentation of red blood cells indicated significant increase in diseased sheep, Moreover , Leucocytosis due to significant increase in lymphocytes number were also registered in infected sheep then in controls , In addition evaluation of acute phase response show significant decrease in haptoglobin values and fibrinogen time in diseased sheep compared with controls . Significant decrease in total protein were detected, However285 values of total and indirect bilirubin, GGT, AST, ALP, and BUN were significantly increased in diseased sheep compared with controls. It had been concluded that Hemomycoplasmosis ovis were infected sheep of Basrah governorate lead to hemolytic anemia and substantial effect might terminated with highly mortalities , Therefore all suspected sheep in the chancy area must screened for microorganism loud

This study aimed to defect and calculate infection rate of Oestrus ovis. in sheep from Ninevah governorate, Iraq.The study examines the presence of oestrus ovis. Larvae in heads sheep collected from march to may 2014. Of 133 heads 72 (54.1%) were infested with oestrus ovis. A total of 142 larvae were encountered in the infested sheep. Thirty five (24.6%) of those larvae were identified as L1, 62 (43.7%) were identified as L2 and 45 (31.7%) were identified as L3, the general mean of intensity of larvae was( 2) larvae/ infested head..The older animals were mostly affected as compared to younger animals. there was no significant difference between the number of infected male and female. sheep with black colored head higher infestation than that of sheep with light colored head

Retinitis is the most important clinical consequences of Toxoplasmosis but the mechanisms used by T. gondii tachyzoites to invade the retina are not yet understood. In the current study, cellular pathogenicity of Toxoplasmosis in a human retinal pigment epithelial cell line (ARPE-19) was investigated. Following in vitro infection of ARPE-19 with T. gondii tachyzoites, cell viability associated with infection was identified by Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay. Intracellular development of T. gondii tachyzoites within ARPE-19 was characterized by acridine orange (AO) staining. Morphological changes associated with infection was assessed by electron microscopy (EM). The results obtained showed that ARPE-19 permit the invasion, growth and development of T. gondii tachyzoites and that infection can cause a metabolic burden on the host cells and multiple morphological changes in the relocation of the host cell organelles (mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi apparatus) around the parasitphorous vacuole

This study was conducted to investigate whether different types of Infectious Bronchitis Virus vaccines can affect the cilia of tracheal epithelium of broiler birds, in comparison with Newcastle Disease and Avian Influenza Vaccines. as positive control. Sixty one-day-old broiler birds of both sexes were used in this experiment. The bird were randomly divided in to six groups of ten birds each. Each group was placed in a separated pin.One of these groups,Group 6 was acted as negative control,whereas the other 5groups were vaccinated with ND, AI and 3 type of IB vaccines. Age, dose and route of administration of different type of vaccines were conducted according to the manufactures directions. Group 1 was vaccinated with ND vaccine at seventh & seventeenth day of age , group 2 was vaccinated with AIV vaccine at first & twenty one day of age , these 2 groups were acted as positive control .Group 3,4,5, were vaccinated at first&tenth day of age with different types of IB vaccines . BIVAC1 was used for group 3, IBMA5 was used for vaccination of group 4, whereas IB-H120 vaccine was administrated to group 5 . Four days post vaccination; all groups were observed for clinical signs. All experimental birds were killed and tracheal rings were examined for ciliostasis and Carboniferous Pigment Granules test. The result indicated that group ND vaccineswas 95%, while that of group AI vaccines was 93% whereas the results of these 3 types of vaccines were 21%, 33%, 20% for BIVAC1, IBMA5 &IBH120 respectively, while the control was 100% .

Cross-sectional study carried in areas surrounding Baghdad province (Dora , Nahrawan, Tajy and Abu Graib )respectively. During June -December 2016, for detection of cattle Babesiosis. One hundred fifty (150) clinically healthy local cattle breeds of different ages, and from both sex were examined by routine blood smear examination, molecular detection of Babesiosis by Conventional polymerase chain reaction PCR and by ELISA test. Results revealed that the infective species of Babesia during this study were B.bovis and B.bigemina that had detected in 14 cases ( 9.33%) by traditional blood smear examination, compared with 15 cases ( 10% )with Babesia bovis by conventional PCR technique and 100 cases (66.6%)with Babesia bigemina were detected by using ELISA technique .It has been concluded that infection with Babesia.bovis and Babesia bigemina were more prominent and no other species were detected

Camel milk has proved as the closer to human milk than other livestock milk. This study intended to examine the physicochemical properties of dromedary camel’s milk. Thirty milk samples collected from 2 dromedary camel herds in Badiat Alsamawah/ Al Muthanna governorate/ Iraq. The physical and chemical analysis was done on each milk sample and data were reported and analyzed. The variations were seen in the physical and chemical properties of fresh camel milk. The pH, specific gravity and freezing point were ranged between 6.1 and 6.5 (6.3133± 0.154), 1.0123 - 1.0615 (1.0282±0.0098), and (-) 0.439 – (-)1.361 (-0.6132±0.1928) respectively. The percentages of total fat, SNF (Solid Not Fat), Protein and lactose were ranged between 1.59 - 13.9 (4.1343±2.88), 1.59 - 20.36 (9.428±2.8833), 7.15 – 2.74 (3.576±1.1087) and 11.74 - 4.15 (5.3406±1.6513) respectively. In conclusion, some physical and biochemical values of fresh dromedary milk were determined in this study. Moreover, the effect of food and environment on the milk quality was also approved. The authors recommend another future study that correlates between the nature of food and the quality of camel milk during the different lactation period.

Coagulase negative Staphylococci are the most prevalent cause of bovine subclinical mastitis. The current study were designed to study their occurrence, antibiogram and their ability to form biofilms. A total number of 95 CNS isolates were recovered from 400 lactating. S. xylosus (36.84%), S. chromogenes (12.63%), S. epidermidis (10.53%), S. saprophyticus (8.42%), S. haemolyticus (7.38%) were the most common recovered species. Disk diffusion method against 14 antimicrobials discs was used to detect their antibiogram. 100% were sensitive to Imipenem, 96.84% were sensitive to Enrofloxacin, 85.26% to Chlramphenicol and 84.21% to Vancomycin. But, 95.79% were resistant to Ampicillin, 77.9% resistant to Cefoxitin, 35.8% resistant to Cefuroxime, 32.63% resistant to Amoxycillin and 18.95% resistant to Clindamycin. Cultivation on Congo Red Agar (CRA) was carried out to detect biofilm formation. 47.37% were positive and S. epidermidis was the most biofilm positive species on CRA by the percentage of 70%. Haemolysins were studied by cultivating CNS on sheep blood agar. 25.26% were β-haemolytic, 71.57% (n=68) were γ-haemolytic and 3.15% were α- haemolytic.