This study was aimed to detect the presence of Escherichia coli in frozen meat. A total of200 samples were collected from Basrah markets in the period extending from September2015 to March 2016. These samples were composed of 50 frozen fish samples, 50 frozenburger samples, 50 frozen chicken samples and(50) worker's hands swabs. Differenttechniques were used in this study to evaluate the presence of Escherichia coli whichcontaminate the frozen meat, these techniques included the traditional bacteriological assays,commercial identification kit (API 20 E) and molecular techniques (PCR). Results of thesetechniques indicated 25 (12.5%) samples were positive to Escherichia coli , as identified byAPI 20 E system. The results of 25 isolates of Escherichia coli which confirmed by PCR,These isolates were subjected to PCR [sta gene, stb gene, lt gene and uspA gene]. The resultsPCR confirmed only 16 of these isolates contain sta gene and 5 of these isolates contain uspAgene ,While isolates do not contain the gene stb or lt genes.

The study was carried out in Al-Najaf province to evaluate the effects of FMDdisease on sixty pregnant cow at 3rd trimester time and on its fetuses , during June ,July and August of 2014 .The animals were divided into three groups (20 cows for each) according togestation period A , B and C on seven, eight and nine month of gestationrespectively. The cows were given antipyretic , systemic antibiotic and local treatmentfor mouth and hoofs lesions .Results showed 15% , 20% and 30% of cows were aborted in seven , eight andnine month of gestation respectively . None of fetuses were found dead in group A ,whereas 3% and 15% were dead in group B and C respectively .

New study for classification Chrysomya bezziana (OWS); order diptera by using GcMS (gas chromatography) as development method used first time in Iraq for taxonomy and separation of fly body compound at same little time, with paragraph show pick of quantity for each element in the quticul of adult fly. Cold method used for separation compound by add 20ml f Hexsan to 20ml of a methanol in 50ml tube and shack carefully. Good Result been in this new method as it is first record of separation and classification chemically method with diagraph for All compounds of Cuticles’% for each one with its chemicals traction at little time low than one hour and low price and low effort to Classified A species of ( OWS) Chrysomya bezziana

The study carried out in order to investigation the prevalence of gastro -intestinal protozoa in feces of buffaloes in Babylon governorate (Iraq) during the period between November 2014 to May 2015.Atotal of 200 fecal samples of buffaloes ( 50calves , 60 males and 90 females) ,the highest prevalence rate with Eimeria spp. was in calves (36%) ,males (8.3%) females (10%) followed by closed rate with Cryptosporidium spp. which was recorded (16%) in calves , (13.3%) in males, and (4.4%) in females ,the prevalence rate was reported with Giaridia duodenalis in calves (20%) and (11.6% ,8.8%) in males and females respectivly. According to the age and sex , calves and males were showed highly infection rates with protozoa.

Granulomas are masses of tissue reaction resulted as well from of infection, inflammation or presence of foreign bodies. The present study was conducted to investigate the gross and histopathological features of granulomas of unknown etiology.Twenty seven cases of granulomas were collected from the lung of sheep and goats. The gross lesions of granulomas were small to large nodules, white to gray in color, and hard in palpation. Histopathologically, all granulomas were undergone caseous necrosis which surrounded by inflammatory zone and most importantly presence of multinucleated giant cells. This study differentiates the granulomas from other lung lesions based on gross and histopathological finding.

This study was conducted in Basrah at period from September- 2012 throughout August- 2013.Blood samples were collected from 480 sheep in different ages and both genders. Haematological parameters were estimated and the result revealed that; the sheep included in this study have lower haematological parameters than the standard ones. Young animals in this study suffering from macrocytic normochromic anaemia

The intent of this study were to explain the normal anatomy of Iraqi sheep eye by using the ultrasonography. Ocular ultrasonographic inspection were achieved on 15 young sheep (8-12 months) from local breed. ultrasonographic images were obtained with a 7.5 MHz linear probe in the sagittal plane. The results of this study showed that the Axial Globe Length (AGL) was (20.05 mm), Anterior Chamber Depth (ACD) was (1.85 mm), Vitreous Chamber Depth (VCD) was (9.82 mm), Scleroretinal Rim Thickness (SRT) was (1.07 mm), Lens Thickness (LT) was (8.95 mm) and Corneal Thickness (CT) was (1.14 mm) respectively. The values of the dimensions of the normal eye components which obtained from this study by using ultrasonography give excellent guide to practitioners in the evaluation of ocular diseases in sheep.

The study carried to isolation and identification some bacterial causes of lung abscesses in the sheep in Najaf province by Orientation chromagar. Forty two lung abscess were collected fromdied (10) and slaughtered sheep(32). The result of bacterial isolation appeared 32 bacterial isolates included 18 (56.2%) Gram positive bacteria and 14(43.7%) Gram negative bacteria according morphology and color of colony and confirmed by classical biochemical test .The Staphylococcus aureus were predominant bacteria 15(46.8%) , Escherichia coli 9 (28.1 %), Klebsiella pneumonia 5 (15.6 %) and Staphylococcus saprophyticus 3 (9.3%).

The present study is to identify the chemical composition of bay leaves (Laurusnobilis L.) protein, oil, ash and carbohydrate which were (7.62, 8.5, 3.63, 50.83)% respectively.This paper reports the concentration of many minerals calcium, phosphorus, potassium, iron, copper magnesium, manganese, and zink. calcium and magnesium have the highest concentration(377,550 mg /g) respectively, vitamins concentration also determined riboflavin, ascorbic acid which were (45.33, 2, 0.90 mg/g) respectively. Bay oil.Was extracted from bay leaves(L.nobilis)with petroleum ether using Soxhlet apparatus. Bay oil showed high value in unsaturated fatty acids 55% include oleic,linoleic,linolenic, and saturated fatty acids 45% include laureic, merestic, palmetic, stearic. The present study describe the reducing power and antioxidant activity for alcoholic extracts of bay leaves.rates of antioxidant activity and reducing power increases as the concentrate of bay leaves extract increasedwhich were (173.81%) and (75.61%) respectively at 5% concentration.

The present study was designed to identify Anaplasma spp. in sheep in middle of Iraq, since 632 local sheep breeds were randomly selected from (Baghdad, Babylon, Wasit, Najaf and Karbala) to examine. Results indicated that different Anaplasma spp. were identified: Anaplasma marginale 75 (11.86%) positive cases, Anaplasma centrale 45 (7.12%) positive cases and Anaplasma ovis 19 (3.01%) positive cases; as well as there were many cases of mixed infection distributed as A. marginale and A. centrale 15 (2.37%) cases, A. marginale and A. ovis 9 (1.42%), A. centrale and A. ovis 4 (0.63%) cases and there were 4 (0.63%) cases carried mixed infection with A. marginale , A. centrale and A. ovis. Results were also showed that infected animals show different clinical manifestation such as fever, change in pulse and respiratory rate, loss of appetite, emaciation, change in hematological parameters, further more anemia were of types macrocytic hypochromic which more predominant type followed by microcytic hypochromic and normocytic hypochromic respectively.