Yield of modern varieties of valuable fodder crop lucerne is quite low - 0.2 - 0.3 t / ha. The reason - lack of cross-pollination due to the lack of insect pollinators. Under these conditions, the highest seed production plants are prone to selfpollinate. The results of the study of 26 new selffertile samples of alfalfa own selection. It was shown that 15 samples for seed yield higher than standard - grade Jaroslavna. The herbage yield of only four samples was lower than in the standard. The dry matter content of all samples was high - 22,1-25,5 %. The results obtained are allowed to select in hotbed of pre-strain testing samples with high levels of self-fertility, seed yield 0,24-0,29 t/ha, herbage for three mowing - 63,2-67,7 t/ha, high dry matters content, which will be used in future breeding process

The recently proposed new phylum name Cryptomycota phyl. nov. is validly published in order to facilitate its use in future discussions ofthe ecology, biology, and phylogenetic relationships ofthe constituent organisms. This name is preferred over the previously tentatively proposed “Rozellida” as new data suggest that the life-style and morphology of Rozella is not representative of the large radiation to which it and other Cryptomycota belong. Furthermore, taxa at higher ranks such as phylum are considered better not based on individual names of included genera, but rather on some special characteristics - in this case the cryptic nature of this group and that they were initially revealed by molecular methods rather than morphological discovery. If the group were later viewed as a member of a different kingdom, the name should be retained to indicate its fungal affinities, as is the practice for other fungal-like protist groups.

Yield of modern varieties of valuable fodder crop lucerne is quite low - 0.2 - 0.3 t / ha. The reason - lack of cross-pollination due to the lack of insect pollinators. Under these conditions, the highest seed production plants are prone to selfpollinate. The results of the study of 26 new selffertile samples of alfalfa own selection. It was shown that 15 samples for seed yield higher than standard - grade Jaroslavna. The herbage yield of only four samples was lower than in the standard. The dry matter content of all samples was high - 22,1-25,5 %. The results obtained are allowed to select in hotbed of pre-strain testing samples with high levels of self-fertility, seed yield 0,24-0,29 t/ha, herbage for three mowing - 63,2-67,7 t/ha, high dry matters content, which will be used in future breeding process

Zoological collections are the main repositories of biodiversity for specific regions or taxa. However, they often lack promotion and consequently remain largely unknown to the general public or even for specialists. Moreover, many of these collections are at risk of deterioration and, in many cases, lack taxonomic review. Founded in 1771, the Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN; Madrid, Spain) is one of the oldest Natural History Museums in the world and one of the most important scientific research institutions in the field of Natural Sciences in Europe. The review conducted in this study resulted in an annotated catalogue of marine Heterotremata crabs, documenting 83 species across 21 families from the MNCN collection. It was found that only 21.9% of the specimens had been correctly identified, while 78.1% were either unidentified, identified only to the family level, or misidentified. This highlights a significant loss of biodiversity information and missed opportunities for identifying new species, as many specimens had been inadequately identified for up to 175 years. The review also expanded the known geographic distribution of several species, with the first-time recordings in regions such as Mauritian, Equatorial Guinean, Moroccan, Ghanaian, and São Tomé and Príncipe waters. The study emphasizes the importance of access to zoological collections and collaboration with specialists to enhance our understanding of biodiversity.

The kernel size of winter rye is a genetically determined characteristic as controlled by a series of multiple alleles and is available for artificial selection. As a result of long-term intensive selection average weight of 100 grains per plant increased from 2.94 to 6.94 g or 2.4 times. The implemented effectiveness of selection by 100 grains weight per plant towards increase was systemic, but it was also uneven. Throughout 42 generations the spans of quick response to directed selection were observed, lasting slowdowns and even reverses of average weight of 100 grains per plant. Prompt increase of the directed selection efficiency corresponded to the changes that induced relatively big impact, and formed a plateau as large kernel size reached high frequency. Variability of rye population at high pressure of the selection by 100 grains weight pert plant occurred predominately at normal distribution and along the display of negative asymmetry following the effect of extreme grades emergence outbreak. The highest average kernel size achieved was followed by further slowdown of 100 grains increase observed, nonetheless a heavy pressure of the selection. 42 generations displayed the greatest impact upon the breeding efficiency by denominated breeding differential (36%), selection intensity (22%), broad sense inheritance ratio (8%), narrow sense inheritance ratio (10%). Predicted and implemented selection efficiency over 42 generations matched in 37% of cases certifying thus an actual forecast of the breeding prediction.

The kernel size of winter rye is a genetically determined characteristic as controlled by a series of multiple alleles and is available for artificial selection. As a result of long-term intensive selection average weight of 100 grains per plant increased from 2.94 to 6.94 g or 2.4 times. The implemented effectiveness of selection by 100 grains weight per plant towards increase was systemic, but it was also uneven. Throughout 42 generations the spans of quick response to directed selection were observed, lasting slowdowns and even reverses of average weight of 100 grains per plant. Prompt increase of the directed selection efficiency corresponded to the changes that induced relatively big impact, and formed a plateau as large kernel size reached high frequency. Variability of rye population at high pressure of the selection by 100 grains weight pert plant occurred predominately at normal distribution and along the display of negative asymmetry following the effect of extreme grades emergence outbreak. The highest average kernel size achieved was followed by further slowdown of 100 grains increase observed, nonetheless a heavy pressure of the selection. 42 generations displayed the greatest impact upon the breeding efficiency by denominated breeding differential (36%), selection intensity (22%), broad sense inheritance ratio (8%), narrow sense inheritance ratio (10%). Predicted and implemented selection efficiency over 42 generations matched in 37% of cases certifying thus an actual forecast of the breeding prediction.

The nomenclature and the system of genus Ribes s.l., application of indigenous and introduced plant names, from which such commercial small fruit crops as gooseberry, black and red currant have been formed, is considered. Scientifi c names based on Ukrainian generic name Porichky are streamlined. Ukrainian names for 64 taxa at the rank of species and variety were given. For hybrids nothotaxa ×Ribelaria Mezhenskyj, nothosubg. nov. (= subg. Ribes × subg. Grossularia) and ×Сalocalyx Mezhenskyj, nothosect. nov. (= sect. Calobotrya × sect. Symplocalyx) were defi ned.

The nomenclature and the system of genus Ribes s.l., application of indigenous and introduced plant names, from which such commercial small fruit crops as gooseberry, black and red currant have been formed, is considered. Scientifi c names based on Ukrainian generic name Porichky are streamlined. Ukrainian names for 64 taxa at the rank of species and variety were given. For hybrids nothotaxa ×Ribelaria Mezhenskyj, nothosubg. nov. (= subg. Ribes × subg. Grossularia) and ×Сalocalyx Mezhenskyj, nothosect. nov. (= sect. Calobotrya × sect. Symplocalyx) were defi ned.

Elements of energy-saving technology of table beet seed production (variety type of Bordeau) in the Eastern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine were improved, they include method of irrigation (drip irrigation, HB 70–65%), fertilizing (locally N 15 P 30 K 60 + N 15), fertigation (stage of 3–4 true leaves, bundle ripeness, the beginning of stooling and flowering), the use of standard mother roots 61–100 mm in diameter along with mother rootsstecklings 41–60 mm in diameter that increase average yields according to the size up to 1,89 t/ha. It is found that the application of micronutrient mixture of Zn + B + Mo in one term and mixture of Zn + B in two terms was the most effective.

Elements of energy-saving technology of table beet seed production (variety type of Bordeau) in the Eastern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine were improved, they include method of irrigation (drip irrigation, HB 70–65%), fertilizing (locally N 15 P 30 K 60 + N 15 ), fertigation (stage of 3–4 true leaves, bundle ripeness, the beginning of stooling and flowering), the use of standard mother roots 61–100 mm in diameter along with mother rootsstecklings 41–60 mm in diameter that increase average yields according to the size up to 1,89 t/ha. It is found that the application of micronutrient mixture of Zn + B + Mo in one term and mixture of Zn + B in two terms was the most effective.