The study results for many years (1972- 2006) of pear gene pool in the All- Russian Research Institute of Horticultural Breeding are given. The cultivars and selections have been singled out for wide dissemination and use in breeding.

The study results for many years (1972- 2006) of pear gene pool in the All- Russian Research Institute of Horticultural Breeding are given. The cultivars and selections have been singled out for wide dissemination and use in breeding.

The best cabbage lettuce varieties for seedling and non seedling planting under the conditions of the open soil were defined. The potential productivity of the varieties under research in the conditions of the open soil were grounded from the scientific point of view. The influence of planting methods on plants productivity, produvtivity and quality of fresh lettuce heads was analyzed.

The article performs the requirements to the preparation and Table characteristics content of the holding Test guidelines examination of new varieties to identify the difference, uniformity and stability. It is pointed that the identification of varieties is carried by the morphological characteristics description as presented in the table. Being standard these characteristics comply with ones requirements. An characteristics explanation with an asterisk (*) is given, their importance for the international harmonization of variety descriptions by States UPOV Members is indicated. The article presents an explanation of the grouping characteristics with documented revealing conditions. As it is commonly determined any characteristic begins with the plants or plants parts identification, which after a colon is followed by the body or its part nomination or by observed peculiarity. The requirements to the formulation of characteristics nomination are performed. It should be clear enough for understanding and without conditions determining. The degree of every characteristic nomination manifestation for its defining and making harmonizing descriptions is set. The corresponding numeric code, which facilitates the entry of data, drafting descriptions and their exchanging is given to each revealing degree. The morphological code configuration of variety phenotype is formed by the codes. It is emphasized that the features are divided into qualitative, quantitative and pseudo qualitative. The presentation order of the features in the table corresponds to the botanical or chronological order. It is noted that the Test guidelines should contain all the features suitable for holding examination at BOC and that there should not be any restrictions on their being included into Methods. Every feature can be used from a complete features list.

Possibility of heterosis effect approbation by using synthetic varieties of winter rye was discussed. Heterosis level of first five generation of rye synthetics did not decrease. Considerable yield decrease of winter rye grain took place in later generations. Concept of synthetic varieties of winter wheat creation in Ukraine is prospective, though it requires scientific, economical and legal improvement.

Possibility of heterosis effect approbation by using synthetic varieties of winter rye was discussed. Heterosis level of first five generation of rye synthetics did not decrease. Considerable yield decrease of winter rye grain took place in later generations. Concept of synthetic varieties of winter wheat creation in Ukraine is prospective, though it requires scientific, economical and legal improvement.

Firstly in Ukraine as the result of resiprocal interbreedings of autotetraploid (2n=4x=32) / diploid (2n=2x=16) and diploid (2n=2x=16) / autotetraploid (2n=4x=32) four sintetic triploid (2n=3x=24) hybrid forms (611-91, 13-93, 14-93, 18-93) have been obtained. Spontaneous triploid nectarinum 166-80 has been shared out from diploid hybrid seedlings population. Tetraploid and triploid nectarinum forms are valuable sources for directoinal selection and making hybrids with the complex of new signs, which are difficult or impossible to receive on diploid level.

Firstly in Ukraine as the result of resiprocal interbreedings of autotetraploid (2n=4x=32) / diploid (2n=2x=16) and diploid (2n=2x=16) / autotetraploid (2n=4x=32) four sintetic triploid (2n=3x=24) hybrid forms (611-91, 13-93, 14-93, 18-93) have been obtained. Spontaneous triploid nectarinum 166-80 has been shared out from diploid hybrid seedlings population. Tetraploid and triploid nectarinum forms are valuable sources for directoinal selection and making hybrids with the complex of new signs, which are difficult or impossible to receive on diploid level.

New donors of short-stem dominant characteristic Gnom 1 (G1), Gnom 2 (G2), Gnom 3 (G3) have been created to the purpose of further increasing the yield of Winter Rye and effective redistribution of assimilation products to the benefits of the grain. Genetic and Statistical analysis of 10 selective characteristics of these donors has been conducted and options to improve them were determined. Application of G1 in the prospective breeding programs G1 on 10 characteristics would not create considerable difficulties. Engagement in the crossing of G2 and G3 donors may create complications in the expression of- productivity characteristics of the ear and plants in the progenies. Crossing used in transgress and combinative breeding is preferable for applying. Application of G3 may be accompanied with technical inconvenience in perfor-ming directed crossing. Application of G3 attracts by the creating conditions for uniting desirable height of plant with the constitutionnal components of Winter Rye productivity.

Мета. Визначити кореляційні зв’язки між урожайністю та показниками якості зерна сортів і селекційних ліній пшениці м’якої озимої. Методи. Дослідження проводили в умовах Миронівського інституту пшениці імені В. М. Ремесла НААН України (МІП) впродовж 2019/20–2021/22 рр. Оцінювали десять нових сортів і чотири селекційні лінії пшениці м’якої озимої миронівської селекції. Показники якості зерна визначали згідно із загальноприйнятими методами в лабораторії якості зерна МІП. Для встановлення кореляційних зв’язків розраховували коефіцієнти кореляції (r) Пірсона. Результати. Між урожайністю та показниками якості зерна пшениці м’якої озимої встановлено різні за напрямом та силою кореляційні зв’язки ( 0,32 < r < 0,61). Зокрема, в роки досліджень одержано вірогідні прямі коефіцієнти кореляції між урожайністю та показником маси 1000 зерен (r = 0,17–0,46). Також за певних гідротермічних умов вирощування виявлено вірогідну прямолінійну залежність (r = 0,13–0,61) урожайності від водопоглинальної здатності борошна, натури, склоподібності зерна, вмісту білка та клейковини. Виділено сорти й селекційні лінії пшениці м’якої озимої, які під час досліджень мали стабільно прямі кореляційні зв’язки між врожайністю та масою 1000 зерен, склоподібністю зерна, вмістом білка, вмістом клейковини, індексом еластичності тіста, силою борошна, пружністю тіста, водопоглинальною здатністю борошна. Висновки. Виокремлені сорти й селекційні лінії пшениці м’якої озимої можуть бути використані в селекційному процесі як джерела поєднання в одному генотипі високої врожайності та певних підвищених показників якості для створення конкурентоспроможних сортів.

Data on the fruits quality of the hybrid peach forms in NBG-NSC is given. Variability, correlation and regression dependence between attributes determining consumption quality of fruits are shown. Forms of peach with high quality of fruits are і dentifled.

Data on the fruits quality of the hybrid peach forms in NBG-NSC is given. Variability, correlation and regression dependence between attributes determining consumption quality of fruits are shown. Forms of peach with high quality of fruits are і dentifled.