The effect of sowing time on realization of the natural productivity potential of modern soft winter wheat varieties was studied. It is established that the use of current agricultural technologies in a context of climate change has caused shift of calendar sowing terms to the second half of the optimal terms comparing with earlier cultivated varieties. In subzones of Kirovohrad and Bila Tserkva state variety testing stations the highest yield of winter wheat is formed in case of sowing on September 20–30, but the optimum for Kirovohrad station fall on September 30, Bila Tserkva station – on September 20 and 30. Sowing in earlier or later time leads to decreasing yields, especially of Vynnychanka, Smuhlyanka, Zolotokolosa and Tripilska varieties. Bogdana and Kuialnyk varieties are the most adaptive to sowing time under agroecological conditions of Kirovohrad state variety testing station.

The effect of sowing time on realization of the natural productivity potential of modern soft winter wheat varieties was studied. It is established that the use of current agricultural technologies in a context of climate change has caused shift of calendar sowing terms to the second half of the optimal terms comparing with earlier cultivated varieties. In subzones of Kirovohrad and Bila Tserkva state variety testing stations the highest yield of winter wheat is formed in case of sowing on September 20–30, but the optimum for Kirovohrad station fall on September 30, Bila Tserkva station – on September 20 and 30. Sowing in earlier or later time leads to decreasing yields, especially of Vynnychanka, Smuhlyanka, Zolotokolosa and Tripilska varieties. Bogdana and Kuialnyk varieties are the most adaptive to sowing time under agroecological conditions of Kirovohrad state variety testing station.

The article presents the results of the laboratory investigation of the influence of high temperatures on water regime of red currant in Institute of Fruit Selection. It shows the dependence of water loss by leaves on the phenophase of plant development. High water loss by leaves occurs during the phase of ripening berries (July). Low water loss is noted during the active growth of shoots (June). Red currant genotypes: «Valentinovka», «Bayna» have a high percent of water loss in June and July. Genotypes «Shedraya», «Gollandskay krasnay», «Orlovchanka», «Dar Orla», «Selyanochka», «Osipovskay», «Belka» and «Jonker van Tets» have a low percent of loss water. The loss of water at the temperature shock is the important protective mechanism from over heat and death of plants. The results of the investigation of a degree of water restoration by red currant leaves in the periods of berry ripening and active growth of shoots are given. The most part of genotypes of red currant leaves have a high percent (>50%) of water restoration. Genotypes «Selyanochka» ,«Orlovchanka», «Dana», «Shedraya», «Belka» have a more 100% of water restoration. On the ground of the obtained results the following genotypes: «Belka», «Selyanochka», «Gollandskay krasnay», «Shedraya», «Orlovchanka», «Dar Orla», «Osipovskay» and «Jonker van Tets» are mostly heat resistant.

The article presents the results of the laboratory investigation of the influence of high temperatures on water regime of red currant in Institute of Fruit Selection. It shows the dependence of water loss by leaves on the phenophase of plant development. High water loss by leaves occurs during the phase of ripening berries (July). Low water loss is noted during the active growth of shoots (June). Red currant genotypes: «Valentinovka», «Bayna» have a high percent of water loss in June and July. Genotypes «Shedraya», «Gollandskay krasnay», «Orlovchanka», «Dar Orla», «Selyanochka», «Osipovskay», «Belka» and «Jonker van Tets» have a low percent of loss water. The loss of water at the temperature shock is the important protective mechanism from over heat and death of plants. The results of the investigation of a degree of water restoration by red currant leaves in the periods of berry ripening and active growth of shoots are given. The most part of genotypes of red currant leaves have a high percent (>50%) of water restoration. Genotypes «Selyanochka» ,«Orlovchanka», «Dana», «Shedraya», «Belka» have a more 100% of water restoration. On the ground of the obtained results the following genotypes: «Belka», «Selyanochka», «Gollandskay krasnay», «Shedraya», «Orlovchanka», «Dar Orla», «Osipovskay» and «Jonker van Tets» are mostly heat resistant.

The results obtained during observations of the growing season of pea collection varieties in different years in terms of interphase periods are presented. The dependence of the growing season length for varieties of various maturity groups on the duration of certain phases of plant growth (seedling, flowering, ripening), ambient environment (temperature, humidity, daylight hours), processing (seed preparation, line production maintenance) and genetic factors (sequential node of the first inflorescence formation) are shown. According to the study results the varieties-sources of «growing season length» characteristic were specified that have been used as components for breeding in the selection process when creating new domestic varieties.

The results obtained during observations of the growing season of pea collection varieties in different years in terms of interphase periods are presented. The dependence of the growing season length for varieties of various maturity groups on the duration of certain phases of plant growth (seedling, flowering, ripening),  ambient environment (temperature, humidity, daylight hours), processing (seed preparation, line production maintenance) and genetic factors (sequential node of the first inflorescence formation) are shown. According to the study   results the varieties-sources of «growing season length» characteristic were specified that have been used as components for breeding in the selection process when creating new domestic varieties.

The article quotes data on fruits biochemical composition for 101 varieties of peach from Nikita Botanical Garden collection. 88 varieties have been singled out according to the composition of bioactive substances. Among those varieties the North China and Iran ecological and geographical groups prevail (52.3% and 37.5%, respectively).

The article quotes data on fruits biochemical composition for 101 varieties of peach from Nikita Botanical Garden collection. 88 varieties have been singled out according to the composition of bioactive substances. Among those varieties the North China and Iran ecological and geographical groups prevail (52.3% and 37.5%, respectively).

The results of evaluation and selection of breeding material of mixed germ-plasm corn for early ripeness among self-pollinated families S4 by the length of the «sprouting–flowering of 50% of ears» period are given. A signifi cant infl uence of weather conditions during the years of study on the length of this indicator was determined. Response of studied corn test-crosses on growing conditions are described. Self-pollinated families DK22282111, DK28211111, DK21511111, DK20192321, DK26143111 were singled out which had a high tolerance to growing conditions and stable «sprouting–flowering of 50% of ears» period.

The results of evaluation and selection of breeding material of mixed germ-plasm corn for early ripeness among self-pollinated families S4 by the length of the «sprouting–flowering of 50% of ears» period are given. A signifi cant infl uence of weather conditions during the years of study on the length of this indicator was determined. Response of studied corn test-crosses on growing conditions are described. Self-pollinated families DK22282111, DK28211111, DK21511111, DK20192321, DK26143111 were singled out which had a high tolerance to growing conditions and stable «sprouting–flowering of 50% of ears» period.

When creating Triticum aestivum L. varieties in V. M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat, intervarietal crossing was used as the basis for classical method of hybridization. Parental pairs were selected according to environmental and geographical principles. Crossing of lines selected by certain adaptive characteristics among themselves and with the local breeding varieties are widely used. The method of induced mutagenesis is one of the main factor of the evolutionary process which increases hundreds of times the frequency of altered forms occurrence. Thermal mutagenesis – selection of winter forms from spring varieties – is based on low temperature effect on spring wheat varieties (it was developed by V. M. Remeslo, the member of the Academy of Sciences). Method of intervarietal selection in winter wheat breeding provides creation of new varieties of this crop through mass selection of the best plants from local populations. At present, 10 varieties of winter wheat are included into the State Register of Plant Varieties Suitable for Dissemination in Ukraine, one variety – into the State Register of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation, seven varieties are passing state quality testing in these countries.

When creating Triticum aestivum L. varieties in V. M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat, intervarietal crossing was used as the basis for classical method of hybridization. Parental pairs were selected according to environmental and geographical principles. Crossing of lines selected by certain adaptive characteristics among themselves and with the local breeding varieties are widely used. The method of induced mutagenesis is one of the main factor of the evolutionary process which increases hundreds of times the frequency of altered forms occurrence. Thermal mutagenesis – selection of winter forms from spring varieties – is based on low temperature effect on spring wheat varieties (it was developed by V. M. Remeslo, the member of the Academy of Sciences). Method of intervarietal selection in winter wheat breeding provides creation of new varieties of this crop through mass selection of the best plants from local populations. At present, 10 varieties of winter wheat are included into the State Register of Plant Varieties Suitable for Dissemination in Ukraine, one variety – into the State Register of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation, seven varieties are passing state quality testing in these countries.

The research of 122 breeding lines of winter wheat to adaptability have been carried out for three years at three points. Samples for ecological variety testing were determined which have both high and average stability and plasticity, high average yield and are promising for qualified examination. The environments are analyzed for differentiating ability. Environments were selected which allow to identify genotypes for yield potential and adaptive ability. It is established that the parameters of adaptive ability and stability of winter wheat samples obtained during cultivation both in various geographical locations and at one point during some years were closely correlated. This confirms the hypothesis that the genotype estimate for adaptive ability in one location is reliable. The connection level was average only for the variance of genotype–environment interaction. However, this parameter is not principal therefore this connection level does not restrict significantly the use of the method in general.

The research of 122 breeding lines of winter wheat to adaptability have been carried out for three years at three points. Samples for ecological variety testing were determined which have both high and average stability and plasticity, high average yield and are promising for qualified examination. The environments are analyzed for differentiating ability. Environments were selected which allow to identify genotypes for yield potential and adaptive ability. It is established that the parameters of adaptive ability and stability of winter wheat samples obtained during cultivation both in various geographical locations and at one point during some years were closely correlated. This confirms the hypothesis that the genotype estimate for adaptive ability in one location is reliable. The connection level was average only for the variance of genotype–environment interaction. However, this parameter is not principal therefore this connection level does not restrict significantly the use of the method in general.

State and prospects of growing for Triticale crop at the territory of leading states of the world are highlighted across space and time. Observing the trend of changes in planting acreage and the product yield of wheat and rye hybrids, their popularity in agrarian and industrial fields of a whole range of countries in Asia, Northern and Southern America, Australia, a Ukrainian manufacturer is invited to consider and reasonably assess this crop and thus list in the composition of planted acreage the national nowadays varieties of triticale as an essential or strategic system component.

State and prospects of growing for Triticale crop at the territory of leading states of the world are highlighted across space and time. Observing the trend of changes in planting acreage and the product yield of wheat and rye hybrids, their popularity in agrarian and industrial fields of a whole range of countries in Asia, Northern and Southern America, Australia, a Ukrainian manufacturer is invited to consider and reasonably assess this crop and thus list in the composition of planted acreage the national nowadays varieties of triticale as an essential or strategic system component.

Scientifically validated items of growing technology disclosed for cos lettuce marketable products in the conditions of Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Impact of environmental factors onto growth and development of Lactuca sativa var. longifolia L. plants. Sowing terms established for the seed of cos lettuce at field-seeded growing. Development parameters are quoted for plant productivity indices and marketable product indices for cos lettuce of national and foreign breeding. According to VCU characteristics a  typical model has been designed for the cos lettuce indices of suitability for dissemination in Ukraine.

Scientifically validated items of growing technology disclosed for cos lettuce marketable products in the conditions of Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Impact of environmental factors onto growth and development of Lactuca sativa var. longifolia L. plants. Sowing terms established for the seed of cos lettuce at field-seeded growing. Development parameters are quoted for plant productivity indices and marketable product indices for cos lettuce of national and foreign breeding. According to VCU characteristics a typical model has been designed for the cos lettuce indices of suitability for dissemination in Ukraine.

Assumption is made that identification of valuable genotypes is possible in specific stability points of phase-parametric systems, that is, when the effect of dynamism acquires gradient and discrete anisotropic composition by way of converting the phenotype variability in the temporal and parametric and characteristic specific vector-spaced system. Devices have been suggested (electronic board for the characteristics spectral expression, 3D configuration of a characteristic variation series) for displaying the location sample parametric pool in the general statistic range of quantitative characteristics. A characteristic has been detected (number of seeds in a pod) that carry the traits inherent in pseudo-qualitative and oligogenic characteristic. According to findings of the study, characteristics are identified that conform to various directions of economical use

Assumption is made that identification of valuable genotypes is possible in specific stability points of phase-parametric systems, that is, when the effect of dynamism acquires gradient and discrete anisotropic composition by way of converting the phenotype variability in the temporal and parametric and characteristic specific vector-spaced system. Devices have been suggested (electronic board for the characteristics spectral expression, 3D configuration of a characteristic variation series) for displaying the location sample parametric pool in the general statistic range of quantitative characteristics. A characteristic has been detected (number of seeds in a pod) that carry the traits inherent in pseudo-qualitative and oligogenic characteristic. According to findings of the study, characteristics are identified that conform to various directions of economical use