The problem of the creation of investment attractive enterprises in the agricultural sphere is the main burden of the essential increasing of the food- staff production on the basis of providing the agricultural workers with the appropriate material resources and working capital. The main principles of the investment attractiveness are reviewed and the indexes of investment projects’ development of agricultural enterprises are grounded in the article.

The problem of the creation of investment attractive enterprises in the agricultural sphere is the main burden of the essential increasing of the food- staff production on the basis of providing the agricultural workers with the appropriate material resources and working capital. The main principles of the investment attractiveness are reviewed and the indexes of investment projects’ development of agricultural enterprises are grounded in the article.

Open seeds - difficult (complex) biological system. The same plants gives seeds with different morphological indication (form, size, dyeing, weight 1000 seeds), anatomical and physiological properties. The physiological properties are correlation, state of quiet, influence on the anatomy construction and chemical composition of seeds lettuce Lactuca sativa L.

Open seeds - difficult (complex) biological system. The same plants gives seeds with different morphological indication (form, size, dyeing, weight 1000 seeds), anatomical and physiological properties. The physiological properties are correlation, state of quiet, influence on the anatomy construction and chemical composition of seeds lettuce Lactuca sativa L.

Revealed main point of formation the matrix differences of lettuce seeds characteristics (Lactuca sativa L.), its correlation with other categories of heterogeneity. It’s been shown the ways of decreasing of the matrix differences of lettuce seeds characteristics with the aim to increase sowing quality of seeds.

Revealed main point of formation the matrix differences of lettuce seeds characteristics (Lactuca sativa L.), its correlation with other categories of heterogeneity. It’s been shown the ways of decreasing of the matrix differences of lettuce seeds characteristics with the aim to increase sowing quality of seeds.

Вивчено генетичну колекцію клонових підщеп кісточкових форм на предмет укорінення за метамерністю розміщення живців та термінах їх заготівлі, продуктивності маточних дерев,  зимостійкості кореневої системи, слаборослості.

It’s been shown the ways user impotent nucleotide plant of soybean, agriculture growing in the world last years. Revealed main point of formation nationality plant varieties resource of soybean.

The authors presents the results of the collectional, primary and promotional investigation of the myrobalan plum large-fruited introduced and "tome cultivars under the conditions of the Ukraine's Southern Polissya and Northern Lisosteppe. On the background of the best standard cv <ubans’ka kometa a number of promise cultivars with both red and yellow fruits has been singled out to be introduced in the farm orchards of differ- ant forms of property. These cultivars are characterized with different Opening terms and purpose of fruits use.

The authors presents the results of the collectional, primary and promotional investigation of the myrobalan plum large-fruited introduced and "tome cultivars under the conditions of the Ukraine's Southern Polissya and Northern Lisosteppe. On the background of the best standard cv <ubans’ka kometa a number of promise cultivars with both red and yellow fruits has been singled out to be introduced in the farm orchards of differ- ant forms of property. These cultivars are characterized with different Opening terms and purpose of fruits use.

It’s been shown the ways user impotent nucleotide plant of soybean, agriculture growing in the world last years. Revealed main point of formation nationality plant varieties resource of soybean.

Purpose. To investigate rice blast resistance genes polymorphism by using bioinformatic methods. Methods. Global and local nucleotide alignment, phylogenetic analysis, HyPhy test. Results. For Pib gene, numerous single nucleotide substitutions and deletions of 1–3 bp were established. The phylo­geny of this gene has been studied and homologues have been found both in various rice species and in other cereals. These sequences can encode proteins that «recognize» the phytopathogens effectors, and can also be associated with resistance to phytopathogens. The Pi4 gene is characterized by single nucleotide substitutions, insertions and deletions; the number of non-synonymous substitutions exceeds the number of sy­nonymous ones. The Pi54 gene variability is significantly lower than that of the Pi4 and Pib genes. The predominant types of polymorphism were single nucleotide substitutions and small-sized indels. It was found that non-synonymous substitutions in Pi54, Pi4 and Pib genes were in close proximity, sometimes forming clusters, while some coding regions were either superconservative or contained predominantly synonymous substitutions. On philodendrograms, cultivated rice samples were clustered with samples of ancestral wild-growing species. Conclusions. Evolution of the rice blast resistance genes Pi4, Pib and Pi54 is characterized by diversification selection. Considering that tense coevolution and significant rate of adaptation and creation of new pathogen races are typical for a plant and a parasite, these genes are subjected to intensive selection aimed at increasing diversity for obtaining the resistance to new races of the pathogen.

Questions of winter wheat cultivation in rice crop rotations, which further to make the most efficient use of soil, increase of fertility and receive an additional yield per unit of crop area are studied in the article. The results of ecological variety test of winter wheat in rice check conditions have represented. The varieties with the best adaptive properties, yield and high qualitative indices of grain are park out. The conclusions about expediency of burther study improvements guestions of winter wheat ecological variety test are made with the purpose of selection varieties the most adapted to specific rice checks contions.

Purpose. Investigate the drought tolerance of woody vines of Ampelopsis Michx and Parthenocissus Planch. genera introduced in the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine on the specificity of leaf surface anatomical and morphological structure, peculiarities of water regime of the leaves and characteristics of physicochemical processes inside their tissues during wilting. Methods. Field surveys, morphometric, physiological, statistical. Results. The drought resistance of woody vines of the Ampelopsis and Parthenocissus genera of the Vitaceae family collection at the M. M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden collection site “Climbing plants” was studied. According to visual observations, during periods with a low level of moisture supply, there was no damage to leaves, turgor did not decrease. The main differences in the structure of the abaxial epidermal surface of woody vine leaves of the Ampelopsis and Parthenocissus genera are in the form of epidermal cells and a number of stomata. The electrical conductivity of the leaves of all the studied plants decreased stably during wilting (on average, by 0.12–0.19 mcS in two hours of wilting). The leaf water loss as a result of wilting was 10.05–25.63%. In conditions of insufficient moisture supply water deficit of leaves was at the level of 6.16–8.87%. Conclusions. According to the value of average long-term assessment of actual drought tolerance, the studied plants have a high degree of drought tolerance. The stomatal apparatus of woody vines of the genus Ampelopsis is distinguished by a greater manifestation of signs of xeromorphism than members of the genus Parthenocissus. High adaptability of the studied plants to growing conditions was revealed. High level of water holding capacity of the leaves was determined. It was revealed that in the period with low moisture provision the water stress in the leaves was low. The studied representatives are distinguished by a high degree of drought resistance due to the presence of signs of xeromorphism in the anatomical and morphological structure of the leaf surface, as well as the peculiarities of water regime and physicochemical processes inside leaf tissues, which makes it possible to use them extensively in the conditions of introduction. | Мета. Дослідити посухостійкість інтродукованих у Правобережний Лісостеп України деревних ліан родів Ampelopsis Michx. і Parthenocissus Planch. за специфікою анатомо-морфологічної будови листкової поверхні, особливостями водного режиму листків та показниками фізико-хімічних процесів усередині їх тканин у процесі зів’янення. Методи. Польові, морфометричні, фізіологічні, статистичні. Результати. Досліджено посухостійкість деревних ліан родів Ampelopsis і Parthenocissus колекції родини Vitaceaeекспозиційно-колекційної ділянки «Вит­кі рослини» Національного ботанічного саду ім. М. М. Гришка НАН. За візуальними спостереженнями, у періоди з низьким рівнем вологозабезпечення, пошкодження листків зафіксовано не було, тургор не знижувався. Основні відмінності будови абаксіальної поверхні епідерми листків деревних ліан родів Ampelopsis і Parthenocissus полягають у формі епідермальних клітин та кількості продихів. Електропровідність листків усіх досліджуваних рослин у процесі в’янення зменшувалася стабільно (у середньому на 0,12–0,19 mcS за дві години зів’янення). Утрата води листям у результаті зів’янення становить 10,05–25,63%. В умовах недостатнього вологозабезпечення водний дефіцит листків перебуває на рівні 6,16–8,87%. Висновки. Згідно з величиною середньої багаторічної оцінки фактичної посухостійкості, дос­ліджувані рослини мають високий ступінь посухостійкості. Продиховий апарат деревних ліан роду Ampelopsis відрізняється більшою виразністю ознак ксероморфності порівняно з представниками роду Parthenocissus. Установлено високу адаптованість досліджуваних рослин до умов вирощування. Визначено високий рівень водоутримувальної здатності листків. Виявлено, що в період з низькою вологозабезпеченістю дефіцит води в листках перебуває на низькому рівні. Досліджувані представники відзначаються високим ступенем посухостійкості завдяки наявності ознак ксероморфізму в анатомо-морфологічній будові листкової поверхні, а також особливостям водного режиму та фізико-хімічних процесів усередині тканин листків, що дає можливість їх широкого використання в умовах інтродукції. | Цель. Исследовать засухоустойчивость интродуцированных в Правобережной Лесостепи Украины древесных лиан родов Ampelopsis Michx. и Parthenocissus Planch. по специфике анатомо-морфологического строения листовой поверхности, особенностям водного режима листьев и показателям физико-химических процессов внутри их тканей. Методы. Полевые, морфометрические, физиологические, статистические. Результаты. Исследована засухоустойчивость древесных лиан родов Ampelopsis и Parthenocissus коллекции семейства Vitaceae экспозиционно-коллекционного участка «Вьющиеся растения» Национального ботанического сада имени Н. Н. Гришко НАН Украины. По визуальным наблюдениям, в периоды с низким уровнем влагообеспеченности, повреждения листьев растений зафиксировано не было, тургор не снижался. Отличия в строении абаксиальной поверхности эпидермиса листьев древесных лиан родов Ampelopsis и Parthenocissus заключаются в форме эпидермальных клеток и количестве устьиц. Электропроводность листьев в процессе увядания уменьшалась стабильно (в среднем на 0,12–0,19 mcS за 2 часа увядания). Потеря воды листьями в результате увядания составляет 10,05–25,63%. В условиях недостаточной влагообеспеченности вод­ный дефицит листьев находился на уровне 6,16–8,87%. Выводы. Согласно величине средней многолетней оценки фактической засухоустойчивости, растения обладают высокой степенью засухоустойчивости. Устьичный аппарат древесных лиан рода Ampelopsis отличается большей выраженностью признаков ксероморфности по сравнению с представителями рода Parthenocissus. Установлено, что растения хорошо адаптированы к условиям выращивания. Определено высокий уровень водоудерживающей способности листьев. Выявлено, что в период с низким уровнем влагообеспеченности, дефицит воды в листьях находился на низком уровне. Исследуемые представители обладают высокой степенью засухоустойчивости благодаря наличию признаков ксероморфизма в анатомо-морфологическом строении листовой поверхности, а также особенностям водного режима и физико-химических процессов внутри тканей листьев, что дает возможность их широкого использования в условиях интродукции.

The use of regression analysis for estimation of inbred lines is a breeding - oriented method, as it indicates scientifically grounded stages of the further breeding studying of these lines and a strategy of their use. Admissible levels of inbred depression of agriculturally valuable characters are limited in lines of the Verkhnyachka and Lgov geneplasms by two - three generations of self - pollinations, which testifies to the necessity "to keep" the characters of sufficient basis. Linearity of changes of values of the characters with the advancing of inbreeding shows the absence of epistasis or the weakness of their effects which makes suitable the use of an additive-dominant model for determining breeding-genetical value of inbred lines with the aim of their purposeful hybridization for obtaining genetically determined heterosis in F1.

The use of regression analysis for estimation of inbred lines is a breeding - oriented method, as it indicates scientifically grounded stages of the further breeding studying of these lines and a strategy of their use. Admissible levels of inbred depression of agriculturally valuable characters are limited in lines of the Verkhnyachka and Lgov geneplasms by two - three generations of self - pollinations, which testifies to the necessity "to keep" the characters of sufficient basis. Linearity of changes of values of the characters with the advancing of inbreeding shows the absence of epistasis or the weakness of their effects which makes suitable the use of an additive-dominant model for determining breeding-genetical value of inbred lines with the aim of their purposeful hybridization for obtaining genetically determined heterosis in F1.