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Physiological Evaluation of Apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) Leaves to Air Pollution for Biomonitoring of Atmospheric Quality
2018
zouari, M. | Elloumi, N. | Mezghani, I. | labrousse, P. | Ben Rouina, B. | Ben Abdallah, F. | Ben Ahmed, C.
Industrialization releases significant amounts of various air pollutants such as F, Cd, Pb, particulate matter, etc., which can in turn have a deleterious effect on a variety of biochemical and physiological processes as well as the structural organization within the cells. Responses from plants species to air pollutants is varied with certain species being very sensitive to such pollutants, ending up with well visible and measurable symptoms. Morphological damage is generally visible through lesions on the aerial parts, while biochemical and physiological changes which are invisible can be measured and quantified. This study has been designed to investigate the biochemical and physiological biomarkers of apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) exposed to air pollution. It has been observed that, in comparison to unpolluted sites, lipid peroxidation level has increased in the leaves of apricot trees, grown in polluted areas, whereas photosynthetic capacity (Net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, total chlorophyll, and carotenoids) along with osmotic regulator (proline and soluble sugars) levels have declined. In P. armeniaca leaves, these symptoms can be used as indicators of air pollution stress for its early diagnosis, making them a reliable marker for a particular physiological disorder.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Biomonitoring of Heavy Metals Accumulation with Pseudevernia furfuracea (L.) Zopf in Kırşehir Province, Türkiye
2024
Işık, Volkan | Yıldız, Atila
Today, the problem of air pollution has been highlighted by rapid population growth and urbanisation, along with the development of industry. Over the last fifty years, much attention has been paid to the relationship between lichens and airborne particulate matter (especially heavy metals). The use of living organisms in air pollution studies is now widely accepted in many countries and the results of these biomonitoring studies are very important for future action. The goal of this study was to determine heavy metals in Kırşehir province using the bag technique, a biomonitoring approach, with Pseudevernia furfuracea (L.) Zopf lichen and to develop a pollution map of the city. In November 2002, lichen specimens were obtained from an unpolluted region in the Yapraklı Mountains, Çankırı, and transplanted to 4 distinct places in Kırşehir. After 3 and 6 months of exposure, they were collected in order to analyse heavy metals (Cu, Cd, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) with Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). In addition, chlorophyll-a and chlorophyll-b contents were determined by Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) method. The findings revealed that the heavy metal contents in various stations are the result of industrial, traffic, and heating activities. As a result, P. furfuracea showed excellent bioindicator ability for detecting air pollution.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Assessing the Effect of Environmental Stressors on the Community Structure of Macroinvertebrates and Water Quality of River Ugbalo, Nigeria
2023
Olusegun Olatunji, Emmanuel | Abubokhai Elakhame, Luckey | Catherine Osimen, Ekikhalo | Ovie Edegbene, Augustine
Aquatic macroinvertebrates play significant roles in the benthic zone of the aquatic ecosystem and they have different tolerance level to pollution. Globally, macroinvertebrates are usedas bioindicators in determining the ecological health and water quality status of aquatic ecosystem. Therefore, this study focused on the community structure of benthic macroinvertebrates in River Ugbalo, south-south Nigeria. Macroinvertebrates and physicochemical parameters were sampled in three marked out stations between March 2018 and February 2020. Physicochemical parameters were analyzed following standard procedures, while macroinvertebrates were collected with Kick net and Van Veen grab. Physicochemical parameters showed that the water quality of the three stations sampled were fair considering the values of pH, turbidity, sulphate, nitrate, phosphate, DO, BOD, and EC which were within the World Health Organization and Federal Environmental Protection Agency of Nigeria. Cluster analysis based on Bray- Curtis similarity showed that macroinvertebrates were clustered by stations rather than seasons. A total of 5,580 macroinvertebrates individuals were recorded showing high biodiversity in the river. Diptera was the most abundant Order with 2,488 individuals followed by Odonata with 697 individuals. The least represented Order was Lepidoptera with 13 individuals. The diversity indices showed that Margalef index (5.93), Simpson diversity (0.95), Evenness (0.63), and Shannon-Weiner index (3.30) were highest in Station 1. This research work showed that the water quality of the studied stations was fair and station 3 was the most perturbed station. We recommend the enactment and enforcement of policies that will lead to aquatic ecosystem restoration.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Overall D. melanogaster Cohort Viability as A Pollution Indicator of the Atmospheric Air of Urban Landscapes
2020
Rudenko, S. S. | Leheta, U. V. | Rudenko, V. P. | Kostyshyn, S. S. | Bialyk, V. D.
The method of air pollution level evaluation of urban landscapes on the basis of D. melanogaster cohort analysis has been suggested. The method implies the binding to the landscape areas of the city. Within each landscape area traps and cultivators for D. melanogaster have been installed in sanitary-protective zones of various enterprises as well as on the background territory with the least level of anthropogenic load serving as the control. Based on specifically elaborated technique for field conditions, the amount of eggs, third instar larvae, pupae and imago has been calculated. Then, using the computer program ImageJ, the square under the curves of cohort survival has been determined which is considered overall cohort viability (OCVD.m). The previously mentioned indicator considers cohort survival at all stages of ontogenesis. In addition, the expressed in percentage indicator of oppression (IO OCVD.m) in relevance to the control OCVD. m affects the level of air pollution of urban landscapes by emissions of various enterprises. The relevance between these indicators is determined by a four-level scale elaborated specifically for the purpose. The method has been tested based on technogenic landscapes of Chernivtsi, Ukraine. The sensitivity of the suggested indicator for a wide range of pollutants has been proved and its ability to respond to different levels of greening of similar enterprises has been shown.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Algal Indices as a Biomonitoring Tool to Assess Eutrophication in the Urban Ponds: a Case Study
2020
Vishal, R. | Meeta, B.
Eutrophication of the urban water bodies is one the biggest challenge causing severe ecological and economic loss. Urban ponds are more prone to eutrophication due to their small size and polluted catchment areas. Biomonitoring using phytoplankton provides cost-effective estimation of the level of eutrophication. Ten urban ponds in different areas of the Mumbai city were chosen to investigate the phytoplankton community structure, and level of eutrophication. We assessed the 3 algal indices viz. Shannon-Wiener indices, Palmer and Nygard's (Myxophycean and diatom) indices. Linear relationship of these indices was tested against Carlson trophic state indices in order to assess the effectiveness of these indices to measure the degree of eutrophication in urban lakes. All ten lakes were found to be eutrophic, of which two were very low eutrophic (TSI – 53.74-53.95), four were low-mid eutrophic (TSI – 55.18 – 57.5), and four lakes were mid eutrophic (TSI 61.4 – 62.2). Shannon-Wiener indices (r= -0.73) and Myxophycean indices (r= 0.77) showed strong correlation with TSI whereas Diatom indices (r= -0.12) and Palmer’s Algal Pollution Indices (r= - 0.47) showed weak correlation with TSI. Thus study found that Shannon-Wiener indices and Myxophycean indices are reliable and cost effective means to assess the eutrophication of urban ponds in Mumbai.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]137Cs baseline levels in the Mediterranean and Black Sea: A cross-basin survey of the CIESM Mediterranean Mussel Watch programme
2008
Thébault, H. | Baena, A.M., | Andral, B. | Barisic, D. | Albaladejo, J.B. | Bologa, A.S. | Boudjenoun, R. | Delfanti, R. | Egorov, V.N. | El Khoukhi, T. | Florou, H. | Kniewald, G. | Noureddine, A. | Patrascu, V. | Pham, M.K. | Scarpato, A. | Stokozov, N.A. | Topcuoglu, S. | Warnau, M.
The common mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis was selected as unique biomonitor species to implement a regional monitoring programme, the CIESM Mediterranean Mussel Watch (MMW), in the Mediterranean and Black Seas. As of today, and upon standardization of the methodological approach, the MMW Network has been able to quantify 137Cs levels in mussels from 60 coastal stations and to produce the first distribution map of this artificial radionuclide at the scale of the entire Mediterranean and Black Seas. While measured 137Cs levels were found to be very low (usually <1 Bq kg-1 wet wt) 137Cs activity concentrations in the Black Sea and North Aegean Sea were up to two orders of magnitude higher than those in the western Mediterranean Basin. Such effects, far from representing a threat to human populations or the environment, reflect a persistent signature of the Chernobyl fallout in this area. © 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Spatial distribution of PAH concentrations and stable isotope signatures (δ13C, δ15N) in mosses from three European areas - Characterization by multivariate analysis
2014
Foan, Louise | Leblond, Sébastien | Thöni, Lotti | Raynaud, Christine | Santamaria, Jesus Miguel | Sebilo, Mathieu | Simon, Valérie | Chimie Agro-Industrielle (CAI) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole nationale supérieure des ingénieurs en arts chimiques et technologiques (ENSIACET) ; Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP) ; Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT) | Origine, structure et évolution de la biodiversité (OSEB) ; Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | FUB - Research Group for Environmental Monitoring (SWITZERLAND) ; FUB - Research Group for Environmental Monitoring (SWITZERLAND) | Laboratorio Integrado de Calidad Ambiental - LICA (Pamplona, Spain) ; Universidad de Navarra [Pamplona] (UNAV) | Biogéochimie et écologie des milieux continentaux (Bioemco) ; École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) ; Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) | France by the Agence de l'Environnement et de la Maitrise de l'Energie (ADEME) ; Spain by the Foundation of the University of Navarra (FUNA) ; CAN Foundation ; Switzerland by the Federal Office for the Environment (FOEN) ;Communaute de Travail des Pyrenees/Communidad de Trabajo de los Pirineos (CTP)
International audience | Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations and N, C stable isotope signatures were determined in mosses Hypnum cupressiforme Hedw. from 61 sites of 3 European regions: Île-de-France (France); Navarra (Spain); the Swiss Plateau and Basel area (Switzerland). Total PAH concentrations of 100-700 ng g-1, as well as δ13C values of -32 to -29‰ and δ15N values of -11 to -3‰ were measured. Pearson correlation tests revealed opposite trends between high molecular weight PAH (4-6 aromatic rings) content and δ13C values. Partial Least Square regressions explained the very significant correlations (r > 0.91, p < 0.001) between high molecular weight PAH concentrations by local urban land use (<10 km) and environmental factors such as elevation and pluviometry. Finally, specific correlations between heavy metal and PAH concentrations were attributed to industrial emissions in Switzerland and road traffic emissions in Spain.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Biomonitoring of air polluants with plants : considerations for the future
2004
De Temmerman, Ludwig | Bell, Nigel | Garrec, Jean-Pierre, | Klumpp, Andreas | Krause, Georg | Tonneijck, Alfred
Biomonitoring of air polluants with plants : considerations for the future
2004
de Temmerman, Ludwig | Bell, Nigel | Garrec, Jean-Pierre, J.-P. | Klumpp, Andreas | Krause, Georg | Tonneijck, Alfred | Sciensano [Bruxelles] ; Pasteur Network (Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur) | Imperial College London | Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières [devient SILVA en 2018] (EEF) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL) | Institute for Landscape and Plant Ecology ; University of Hohenheim | Landesumweltamt Nordrhein Westfalen ; Partenaires INRAE | Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR)
International audience
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Spatial variations in trace element concentrations of the sea urchin, Paracentrotus lividus, a first reference study in the Mediterranean Sea
2018
Ternengo, Sonia | Marengo, Michel | El Idrissi, Ouafa | Yepka, Joseph | Pasqualini, Vanina | Gobert, Sylvie | FOCUS - Freshwater and OCeanic science Unit of reSearch - ULiège
peer reviewed | A study on Trace Elements (TE) from sea urchin gonads has been conducted in the western Mediterranean Sea. Contamination data were used to determine a Trace Method Pollution Index (TEPI). TE concentrations varied considerably depending on the location of the sampling stations. The results showed that five trace elements (Zn, Fe, As, Al, Cu) are ubiquitous. The geographical area considered (Corsica) represents an important range of environmental conditions and types of pressure that can be found in the western Mediterranean Sea. TEPI was used to classify the studied sites according to their degree of contamination and allowed reliable comparison of TE contamination between local and international sites. TE contamination of the western Mediterranean Seadisplayed a north-to-south gradient, from the Italian coasts down through the insular Corsican coasts to the north African littoral. Due to the increasing environmental pressure on the Mediterranean Sea, a regular monitoring of TE levels in marine organisms is necessary to prevent any further environmental deterioration.
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