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Direct damage to vegetation caused by acid rain and polluted cloud: definition of critical levels for forest trees
1993
Cape, J.N. (Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Bush Estate, Penicuik, Midlothian, EH26 0QB (United Kingdom))
Conifer aphids in an air-polluted environment. I. Aphid density, growth and accumulation of sulphur and nitrogen by Scots pine and Norway spruce seedlings
1993
Holopainen, J.K. | Mustaniemi, A. | Kainulainen, P. | Satka, H. | Oksanen, J. (Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Kuopio, PO Box 1627, SF-70211 Kuopio (Finland))
Direct Effects of Air Pollution on Physiology of Forest Trees in the Western United States
1993
Bytnerowicz, A. (USDA Forest Service, Riverside, CA (USA). Pacific Southwest Research Station)
Physiological processes of western trees are effected by ozone at concentration over 80 ppb, depending on the duration of the exposures and environmental conditions. At a single fascicle level short-term ozone exposures can cause reduction, no change or increase of stomatal conductance and net assimilation rate. Two seasons of exposures at twice level ozone concentrations caused a significant reduction of stomatal conductance and pigment concentrations in foliage.
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