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Global climatic changes: modelling the potential responses of agro-ecosystems with special reference to crop protection.
1995
Goudriaan J. | Zadoks J.C.
The potential role of temperate forests as sinks for CO(2): examples from the German environmental policy against global warming.
1992
Gregor H.D.
Effect of increased carbon dioxide and ozone on leaf spot pathogens of birch
2002
Syrjala, L. | Poteri, M. (Finnish Forest Research Institute, Suonenjoki (Finland). Suonenjoki Research Station)
Both CO2 and ozone increased the diseased leaf area of clone V5952 in Exp. 1 in the year 2000. The size of spots increased most under ozone fumigation, and the number of spots under ozone and CO2 + O3 fumigations. In clone K1659 all fumigation treatments decreased or had no effect on the DLA, or the number and size of the leaf spots. Also the number of fallen leaves under fumigation treatments was higher in clone V5952 than in clone K1659. Analysis of the year 2001 monitoring results is currently going on
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Effects of elevated CO2 and O3 on stem wood chemistry in trembling aspen, paper birch and sugar maple
2002
Anttonen, S. (Finnish Forest Research Institute, Suonenjoki (Finland). Suonenjoki Research Station) | Kostianen, K. | Vapaavuori, E. | Isebrands, J. G. | McDonald, E. | Sober, J. | Karnosky, D. F.
Global environmental change, including increasing atmospheric CO2 and tropospheric O3 is likely to impact forest growth and wood properties. Increase in CO2 enhances photosynthesis, growth and productivity. On the contrary, O3 is detrimental to forest vitality and yield. At present reports of long-term studies on the effects of combined exposures of CO2 and O3 on stem wood chemistry of deciduous trees are lacking. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of CO2 and O3, singly or in combination, on stem wood chemistry of four-year old saplings of trembling asspen (Populus tremuloides) clones differing in ozone tolerance, paper birch (Betula papyrifera) and sugar maple (Acer saccharum)
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Soil nutrients in a mature natural mixed forest exposed to elevated CO2
2002
Bucher-Wallin, I. K. | Schleppi, P. | Hagedorn, F. | Bucher, J. B. (Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf (Switzerland))
Elevated CO2 was shown to influence the nutritional status of exposed ecosystems. In an earlier experiment in model ecosystems in open-top chambers with young spruce and beech, the nitrate concentration of the soil solution was dramatically reduced after 4 years exposure to elevated CO2. This phenomenon was mainly interpreted as an immobilization of nitrogen in the soil. To test if such effects occur also in mature, undisturbed natural forests, we used facilities of the Swiss Canopy Crane project. Here in a mixed 120 years old forest the crowns of 30-35 m high broadleaved trees are fumigated with CO2 during the growing season since spring 2001. According to the results the soil is probably not yet much influenced by the fumigation of the tree crowns, and it is too early to estimate whether the observed nutrient effects are due to the CO2 treatment or to the natural variability of the soil
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Effects of carbon dioxide and ozone on growth and biomass allocation in Pinus ponderosa
2002
Olszyk, D. (US EPA, St. Corvallis, (USA). Western Ecology Division) | Johnson, M. | Tingey, D. | King, G. | Storm, M. | Plocher, M.
The future productivity of forests will be affected by combinations of anthropogenic stresses including elevated atmospheric CO2 and O3. Because the productivity of forests, will be in part, determined by the growth of young trees, we evaluated the responses of Pinus ponderosa seedlings to ambient or elevated CO2 and/or high O3. Shoot growth and whole plant biomass were evaluated for seedlings growing under the CO2 and O3 treatments for 3 years in sun-lit mesocosms with ambient temperature and humidity. This study indicated the potential for CO2 but not O3 effects on Pinus ponderosa seedlings under realistic field conditions as used in this study
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Effect of increasing ozone and carbon dioxide on photosynthetic and related biochemical properties of two silver birch clones during three years of exposure
2002
Riikonen, J. (Finnish Forest Research Institute, Suonenjoki (Finland). Suonenjoki Research Station) | Holopainen, T. | Oksanen, E. | Vapaavuori, E.
Under elevated CO2 photosynthesis was 15-50% higher than in chamber controls depending on the weather conditions of the growing seasons. When measured at 360 ppm CO2 both elevated CO2 and elevated CO2 + O3 treatments decreased net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance and also transpiration, indicating downregulation of photosynthesis at elevated CO2
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Nutrient concentrations in the foliage of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst.) plants of a model ecosystem in response to long-term exposure to atmospheric CO2 enrichment and increased N deposition
2002
Landolt, W. | Egli, P. | Pezzotta, D. | Bucher, J. B. (Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf (Switzerland))
The biological effects of both elevated CO2 and N deposition on model ecosystem were investigated in the Birmensdorf open-top chamber facility. Each of the 16 chambers was divided into two compartments with a ground area of 3 msub2 and filled with natural unfertilized forest soils from two sites (one acidic, the other calcareous). Elevated CO2 significantly increased O and Zn concentrations in beech leaves and those of Zn in spruce needles on the calcareous soils. Enhanced N deposition also led to a dilution of nutrients and increased N contents
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]The role of roots and mycorrhizas in C-sequestration under elevated CO2 (popface)
2002
Lukac, M. | Godbold, D.L. (University of Wales, Bangor (United Kingdom). SAFS)
The need to assess the role of terrestrial ecosystems in the global C cycle and the potential change of this role as the atmospheric concentration of CO2 increases attracted considerable scientific attention over the recent decade. In order to assess ecosystem responses as a whole and to evaluate the potential role of forests and tree communities as a carbon sinks, the below-ground response to increasing levels of CO2 must be addressed
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