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Degradation Kinetics of an Aged Hydrocarbon-Contaminated Soil
2009
Maletić, Snežana | Dalmacija, Božo | Rončević, Srđan | Agbaba, Jasmina | Petrović, Olgica
This work presents kinetic parameters for the degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons, under field conditions found in a biopile created for the remediation of soil which has been heavily polluted with aged oil and oil derivatives (27,600 mg kg⁻¹ of mineral oil, 41,400 mg kg⁻¹ total hydrocarbons and 3.57 mg kg⁻¹ of total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, (PAH)). The kinetics of the biodegradation process can be described by two equations: [graphic removed] (1) and [graphic removed] (2). According to Eq. 1, biodegradation kinetics constant rates were in the range from 0.58 x 10⁻³ to 1.32 x 10⁻³ day⁻¹ for mineral oil and total hydrocarbons and 6.7 x 10⁻³ to 8.8 x 10⁻³ day⁻¹ for PAHs. According to Eq. 2, biodegradation kinetics constant rates were in the range from 1.6 x 10⁻² to 3.0 x 10⁻² day⁻⁰.⁵ for mineral oil and total hydrocarbons and 0.92 x 10⁻¹ to 1.3 x 10⁻¹ day⁻⁰.⁵ for PAHs.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Ecotoxicological research and related legislation in Serbia
2009
Teodorović, Ivana
Introduction Several hot spots of severe freshwater pollution and sediment contamination (mostly heavy metals, polyaromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorinated biphenyls) have been identified in Serbia as the consequence of outdated environmental legislation, negligible amounts of properly treated waste waters and accidental spills. Discussion Since ecotoxicological methods have never been incorporated into risk assessment procedures, mandatory effluent discharge or ambient water monitoring programmes, ecotoxicological research, based on bioaccumulation studies, conventional ecotoxicological tests and, recently, biomarkers of exposure and effect have been restricted to independent small- to medium-scale studies, conducted, basically, to confirm, underline or oppose the results of chemical-based monitoring and to lament on inadequate environmental regulations/policy and management practice. Although hot and unresolved ecotoxicological problems still remain beyond the reach of ecotoxicological research currently conducted in Serbia, or are tackled only sporadically, it is to be expected that on-going research and institutional capacity building should, hopefully, increase the competence and competitiveness of scientific community and speed up the process of harmonisation of national environmental legislation and policy with European Union.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Gas-particle partitioning of persistent organic pollutants in the Western Balkan countries affected by war conflicts
2009
Radonic, Jelena | Sekulic, Maja Turk | Vojinović-Miloradov, Mirjana | Čupr, Pavel | Klánová, Jana
Background, aim, and scope Bombing and destruction of the industrial and military targets accompanied by complete or incomplete combustion during the war conflict and NATO operation in former Yugoslavia caused the emission of persistent organic pollutants into the atmosphere, water, and soil. A total of 129 ambient air samples from 24 background, urban, and industrial sites, including hot spots, were collected to assess a gas-particle partitioning behavior of various persistent organic pollutants. Materials and methods High volume sampling technique was applied with quartz filters that collect the atmospheric particles and polyurethane foam filters (PUF) that retain the gaseous compounds. Three to ten samples were taken at each site. GFs and PUFs were analyzed separately for their content of polychlorinated biphenyls, organochlorine pesticides, and polyaromatic hydrocarbons. Results Gas phase and particle phase concentrations of selected persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in all samples were converted into the particle-bound fractions [Greek Phi symbol]. These fractions were found to be highly variable, but generally highest in Bosnia and Herzegovina due to the elevated levels of total suspended material in ambient air. Discussion Experimental values of particle-associated fraction were compared to the Junge-Pankow model. Interestingly, a model for urban/industrial environments provided a better prediction of partitioning behavior than a model for background and rural background sites. That is probably because the total amount of atmospheric particles is higher in the Balkan region than found in the previously published studies. Conclusions Even though it has been stated in previous studies that less than 5% of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are bound to the particles, up to 67% of PCBs were particle associated at several sampling sites in this study. PCB-contaminated soils are probably still one of the strong sources of particles to the atmosphere. Recommendations and perspectives Information on the particle-bound fractions of POPs is important not only for prediction of their fate but also for an estimation of risks they can pose to the environment as well as to humans. When assessing such hazards, it has to be considered that modeled values of the particle-bound fractions can be seriously underestimated at sites with elevated levels of suspended atmospheric matter or at sites with heavily contaminated soils.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Domestic and international regulations of concentration level of arsenic in drinking water taken from spring Sakinac (Avala) [Serbia] | Domaca i medjunarodna regulativa u pogledu sadrzaja arsena u vodi za pice na primeru izvora Sakinac (Avala) [Srbija]
2009
Poznanovic, M., Geoloski institut Republike Srbije Geoinstitut, Beograd (Serbia) | Popovic, Lj., Geoloski institut Republike Srbije Geoinstitut, Beograd (Serbia) | Manojlovic, D., Univerzitet u Beogradu, Beograd (Serbia). Hemijski fakultet
Arsenic is inorganic spread out in nature. Toxicity of arsenic is different, depending on its form. However, current international and Serbian legislation in drinking water regulate maximum allowed concentration of 0.010 mg/l (of total arsenic), regardless of its form. Concentration of total arsenic in water of springs of mountain Avala (Serbia) is higher than 0.010 mg/l. This paper present determination of inorganic arsenic in drinking water of spring Sakinac (Avala), also determination which form is more represented, relation of As(III) and As(V) and implementation of legislation. We used stripping voltametry method and gain value of total arsenic-62.87 microgram/l, in which 3.97 microgram/l is As(III) and residue of 58.90 microgram/l is As(V). It is obvious that value of 62.87 microgram/l is higher than MAL, but the most abundant arsenic form is less toxic, so the question is whether the water from spring Sakinac can or cannot be used.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Effects of the pre-ozonation and coagulation on natural organic matter and arsenic content in water | Efekti procesa predozonizacije i koagulacije na sadrzaj prirodnih organskih materija i arsena u vodi
2009
Tubic, A. | Agbaba, J. | Dalmacija, B., Prirodno-matematicki fakultet, Novi Sad (Serbia) | Djurin, Z., JKP Vodovod i kanalizacija, Zrenjanin (Serbia) | Roncevic, S. | Maletic, S., Prirodno-matematicki fakultet, Novi Sad (Serbia)
Groundwater from the middle Banat region (Serbia) which is used as a drinking water supply for Zrenjanin town contains a high amount of natural organic matter and a high content of arsenic. In this study a pilot-scale system was used to investigate the influence of different ozone doses (0.4-0.9 mg O3/mg DOC) during a pre-ozonation process on NOM removal by coagulation. Ferric chloride coagulant was chosen at a dose of 100 g/cubic meter, as a traditional coagulant which can also help in arsenic removal. The obtained results indicate that an ozone dose of 0.4 mg O3/mg DOC has the best influence on structural changes of NOM. The coagulation process with ferric chloride as coagulant had a significant influence on the arsenic content of the water, with the measured values in the water after coagulation in all three investigated treatment trains being below 10 microgram/l, which is the standard MCL in Serbian legislation.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Analytical framework of DPSIR Driver, Pressure, State, Impact, Response for surface water bodies in relation to the sewer system | Analiticki okvir DPSIR (vodeca sila, pritisak, stanje, uticaj, odgovor) za povrsinska vodna tela u odnosu na kanalizacione sisteme
2009
Milojkovic, I., Institut za vodoprivredu Jaroslav Cerni, Beograd (Serbia)
Water bodies like rivers and lakes are directly affected by the waste water in sewerage systems. Sewage systems provide waste collection and convey wastewater from the population in sanitary safely way and away from material property. DPSIR analytical framework allows the analysis of interactions between sewerage systems and water bodies. Sewer systems describe the different standards that are elements of their functioning including plants and their maintenance, hydrological, hydraulic and other influences. This paper gives analytical framework of Driver, Pressure, State, Impact, Response (DPSIR) in relation to the functioning of the elements considered sewage systems which are described in the Serbian (European) standard - SRPS EN 752 - 2:2007.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Inplementation [i.e. implementation] of IFA parameter in descripting the state of waste water quality in Belgrade sewerage | Uvodnjenje parametra IFA u opisu stanja kvaliteta otpadne vode u beogradskoj kanalizaciji
2009
Komadinic, T. | Kostic, B. | Petrovic, D., JKP Vodovod i kanalizacija, Beograd (Serbia)
In Laboratory for examination of waste waters in Belgrade sewerage system many analysis are being done to indicate the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of waste waters. Biochemical analyses which are being done include two parameters: biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and newly introduced parameter index of phosphate activity (IFA). Determination of IFA is relatively fast biochemical method which can, within few hours, give information of present organic pollution and its results could be applied for categorization of waters. Analyses were conducted during 2008 and according to the results waste waters mainly belong to the 5th category of water, more, the examined waste waters were out of all water describing categories.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Detection of a genotoxic agents presence by chromosomal analysis in fish from contaminated waters | Utvrdjivanje prisustva genotoksicnih agenasa analizom hromozoma riba iz zagadjenih voda
2009
Fister, S. | Cibulic, V. | Surcinski-Mikovilovic, V., Univerzitet Union, Beograd (Serbia)
The analysis of the frequencies of chromosome breaks and gaps on the pike - Esox lucius L. individuals from different locations collected in two consecutive years, were showed the highest values that were above the level of spontaneous (under the level of 3%) changes. Frequences of changes in fish Esox lucius L. were higher than the level of the presumed critical zone (3.0-3.5%) at locality of Danube by Visnjica and within the zone by Grocka. In consecutice years in river Tamis by Pancevo, both obtained values of chromosomal changes in this fish also were above the critical zone. Physicochemical water analyses were shown high level of organic contamination and concentration of phenols above MDK values for the 1st, 2nd water categories which argued obtained cytogenetic results. The localities obviously has a risk of being permanent or periodical contaminated with genotoxic agents.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Characterization of surface water and groundwater at Belgrade area using stable isotopes | Karakterizacija povrsinskih i podzemnih voda u okolini Beograda koriscenjem stabilnih izotopa
2009
Miljevic, N. | Obradovic, V. | Arezanovic-Eminovic, T. | Boreli-Zdravkovic, Dj., Institut za vodoprivredu Jaroslav Cerni, Beograd (Serbia) | Golobocanin, D., Institut za nuklearne nauke Vinca, Beograd (Serbia) | Ogrinc, N., Institut Jozef Stefan, Ljubljana (Slovenia)
The stable isotope content of hydrogen (2H/1H), carbon (13C/12C), nitrogen (15N/14N), and oxygen (18O/16O) in surface water (the Sava river and channels) and groundwater (Ranney wells) were determined in Belgrade (Serbia) during July 2008. Detailed evaporation calculation has estimated that fraction of water loss to be between 10 and 20% in the channels using the local meteoric water line and the local evaporation line. Carbon-13 content in dissolved inorganic carbon is distinguished between surface water and groundwater indicating different evolution pathways of carbon. Based on carbon and nitrogen isotopic composition and C/N ratios, sources of inorganic carbon and of organic matter in analyzed waters are discussed.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Available water resources potential of karst spring waters of Carpatho-Balkan region of east Serbia | Raspolozivi vodni potencijal karstnih izdanskih voda Karpato balkanskog luka u istocnoj Srbiji
2009
Ristic, V., Univerzitet u Beogradu, Beograd (Serbia). Rudarsko-geoloski fakultet | Prohaska, S., Institut za vodoprivredu Jaroslav Cerni, Beograd (Serbia) | Majkic, B., Institut za vodoprivredu Jaroslav Cerni, Beograd (Serbia)
The paper shows available water resources potential of karsts spring waters of Carpatho-Balkan region of east Serbia. Basic elements of water balance are also given, as well as quantitative indicators of low flows. Karsts spring yield is compared to the domicile waters of Serbia. We can also read certain comments and see an estimation maximum usage of these karsts waters.
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