[Departement_IRSTEA]Ecotechnologies [TR1_IRSTEA]TED [Axe_IRSTEA]TED-SOWASTE | National audience | The objective of the Equivalence Guide is to define rules of good practice with respect to equivalent solutions for landfill mineral barriers. The guide refers primarily to non-hazardous waste landfills. The guide, which was first drafted in 2002, was updated in 2008, by a working group composed of the main organisations working on landfill mineral barriers in France. The update also benefited from feedback from professional partners (consultants, landfill operators, geosynthetic suppliers...). This paper summarizes the main changes with respect to the previous version. | Le « Guide Équivalence » a pour objectif de définir des règles de bonne pratique en matière de recherche de solutions « équivalentes » en étanchéité passive d'installation de stockage de déchets. Les principaux sites concernés par ce guide sont les installations de stockage de déchets non dangereux (ISDND). Ce guide, dont la première version date de 2002, a été réactualisé par un groupe de travail constitué des principaux organismes intervenant sur la thématique des barrières minérales d'ISD en France. Cette réactualisation a également bénéficié d'un retour d'expérience recueilli auprès de la profession (bureaux d'étude, exploitants, fournisseurs de géosynthétiques ). Cet article fait une synthèse des principales modifications par rapport à la version antérieure.

In the context of nonpoint source pollution the regulator can not attribute individually the responsibility of pollution because of informational asymmetry which makes the costs of monitoring of individual emission very high. This grounds a moral hazard problem. We analyse group performance based instruments to regulate this kind of informational problem. In particular, we assess randomand collective fining schemes with respect to their deterrence and efficiency. We show that a collective fine scheme is more deterrent than a random fine scheme. However, the analysis of efficiency is less categorical between these two schemes. The efficiency depends on the number of non-compliant agents. If the number of non-compliant agents is high it is better to implement a collective fine scheme. If the number of non-compliant agents is small it is better to implement a random fine scheme.

Content of arsenic in groundwater form south Banat which are used for water supply of local population was determined. 228 wells were analyzed, and for arsenic determination was used atomic apsorption spectrometry - graphite furnace technique (Perkin Elmer Analyst 700). Arsenic is detected in concentrations over 10 microgram/l in several locations: Pancevo (water supply Filter Stanica, Gradska Suma, OB, and in part of water supply Sibnica), Kovin, Dubovac, Idvor, Veliki Gaj, Glogonj, Sefkerin and part of Sakule. The lowest concentrations of arsenic are detected in the territory of Deliblatska Pescara and municipalities of Vrsac and Bela Crkva.

This study investigates removal efficiency of arsenic species from water on natural and modified sorbent materials. Selective removal of As(III) and As(V) from water was carried out with pure natural materials: bentonite, sepiolite, limonite, pyrolusite and zeolite. Materials most commonly used in water treatment, quartz sand and granular active carbon, were modified by iron coating in order to increase its sorption capacity. For the purpose of comparison, commercial material, granular ferry hydroxide (Everzit As), was investigated under the same conditions. The investigations were performed in batch experiments following the standard experimental methodology. Of all the tested natural materials zeolite exhibited significant sorption capacity: 100 microgram As(III, V)/g. Iron coating increased materials sorption capacity for at least 80%. Iron coated sand and iron coated activated carbon exhibited 340 and 430 microgram As(V)/g respectively.

Water bodies like rivers and lakes are directly affected by the waste water in sewerage systems. Sewage systems provide waste collection and convey wastewater from the population in sanitary safely way and away from material property. DPSIR analytical framework allows the analysis of interactions between sewerage systems and water bodies. Sewer systems describe the different standards that are elements of their functioning including plants and their maintenance, hydrological, hydraulic and other influences. This paper gives analytical framework of Driver, Pressure, State, Impact, Response (DPSIR) in relation to the functioning of the elements considered sewage systems which are described in the Serbian (European) standard - SRPS EN 752 - 2:2007.

In Laboratory for examination of waste waters in Belgrade sewerage system many analysis are being done to indicate the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of waste waters. Biochemical analyses which are being done include two parameters: biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and newly introduced parameter index of phosphate activity (IFA). Determination of IFA is relatively fast biochemical method which can, within few hours, give information of present organic pollution and its results could be applied for categorization of waters. Analyses were conducted during 2008 and according to the results waste waters mainly belong to the 5th category of water, more, the examined waste waters were out of all water describing categories.

The analysis of the frequencies of chromosome breaks and gaps on the pike - Esox lucius L. individuals from different locations collected in two consecutive years, were showed the highest values that were above the level of spontaneous (under the level of 3%) changes. Frequences of changes in fish Esox lucius L. were higher than the level of the presumed critical zone (3.0-3.5%) at locality of Danube by Visnjica and within the zone by Grocka. In consecutice years in river Tamis by Pancevo, both obtained values of chromosomal changes in this fish also were above the critical zone. Physicochemical water analyses were shown high level of organic contamination and concentration of phenols above MDK values for the 1st, 2nd water categories which argued obtained cytogenetic results. The localities obviously has a risk of being permanent or periodical contaminated with genotoxic agents.