In the present research land use changes modeling in the Urmia city is considered in order to detect changes in agricultural lands. In this regard, Landsat satellite images were used and then the object base processing satellite images was performed by applying the process segmentation and in the next stage, the optimization of scale segmentation and image analysis to its constituent elements, the object basic algorithms according to the physical condition, geometric of each land-use classes were used. During images processing in addition to spectral data, the data in the form of homogeneous, shape and texture (GLCM) were used for land use extraction. The results show that the Urmia city had so many physical expand in the past 31 years so that its area has increased from 7.43% of the total study area in 1363 to 30.75 in 1394. This increase was rectify by the reduction of agricultural lands so that  large amount of agricultural lands have been used for construction purposes which has caused land degradation, particularly fertile lands in this area, particularly within the Shahr chay river, Mahabad road, Sero road, Darya road and the  road of Salmas.

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the Utility operating radius and service on city parks in Ardabil neighborhood, local, regional and urban level, to investigate the relationship between the distribution of these parks with water levels in the city of Ardabil, including Shorabil lake and Balyqlv river and reviews for distribution park. The data and information used by documentary. To analyze the data, the Thyssen polygons to measure the radius of the functional utility, network analysis to assess radius of the service or coverage of parks, and standard deviation ellipses analysis was used to examine the distribution of parks. The results indicate that the function of the radius of the park in the center of the city were favorable and neighboring areas with high water levels in the periphery of the city were unfavorable. In addition, the test also showed that the standard deviation ellipse for distribution parks in the city of Ardabil in the Northeast, Southwest and more in the direction of the river Balyqlv located. Also, investigating the per capita levels of parks in urban areas determined that, the area 2 municipality per capita is highest among municipality areas and the area 4 municipality has lowest per capita among municipalities.   Keywords

This article, with a focus on the change and transformation process of the approaches and trends affecting the new towns policy, scrutinizes the first and second generations of the new towns in reference to the South Korea as a case study. The first generation of new towns development in South Korea is associated with the rapid growth of urbanization, industrialization and subsequently economic increase of this country. Lack of housing and inadequate housing supply, formation and growth of the informal settlements especially in connection with Seoul, and the subsequent centralization in the Seoul metropolitan area are the main and significant urban challenges of South Korea in this period. The second generation of new towns has been planned first with the aim of housing supply as their main function in the capital region. These cities are the result of approach that follow the qualitative, gradual and planned development in the form of small scale but multiple projects compared to the past. Decentralization of Seoul and Seoul metropolitan area, integrated regional development, and ultimately the balance of South Korea’s national territory are the key purposes of this process, in terms of spatial planning.

In the recent decades, the effect of dry climate of Iran is due to expanding desertification in this country. The countryside of Kerman has selected for this survey. For investigating of amount of deserts generation around this city after geometric and radiometric studying، the image of Landsat ETM + 2009 and aerial photos at a scale of 1: 5000, preparing of basic maps of earth and vegetation covers maps. To estimate of the severity level of desertification in Kerman, The indicator of Urban and industrial development based on IMDPA , that including density of roads and mines, amount of green space and changing to pasture and forest land. After that giving score to this parameters did upon its affect for destroying and desertification.Finally, in GIS software, with using analytic functions required based on IMDPA. Land area were classified in terms of desertification. The results show that the effects of desertification land in Kerman city can be classified to three section، critical , medium and low.