In this study, it was aimed to reveal some viruses that are a problem in tomato production areas in the Ereğli district of Konya, where tomato production is common. For this reason, in the 2019 production season, leaf samples were taken from 160 tomato plants showing symptoms similar to virus disease symptoms such as mosaic, deformations, yellowing, blight on the leaves and stunted plants. Possible infections of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Tomato spotted-wilt virus (TSWV) and Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) on these leaves were tested by serological-based DAS-ELISA (Double Antibody Sandwich- Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay) method. According to DAS-ELISA results, it was determined that 66.25% of the samples were infected with at least one of these three viruses. In addition, TSWV was detected as the most common virus with a 48.75% relative infection rate in the samples, followed by ToMV (28.75%) and CMV (26.25%). Mixed infections of the viruses were also detected in the leaf samples tested. CMV + TSWV double infection was detected in 22 samples, ToMV + TSWV double infection was detected in 14 samples, and CMV + ToMV + TSWV triple infection was detected in 12 plant samples.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of solid and liquid vermicompost on yield and nutrient uptake of tomato plant. The study was carried out with three replications according to the experimental pattern of randomized plots in the plastic pots with the capacity of 3 kg under the greenhouse conditions of Plant and Animal Production Department of Cumhuriyet University. In the study, chemical fertilization was applied for comparison with solid and liquid vermicompost. Vermicompost doses were applied as 0%, 10%, 20%, 30% and 40%. In the study, tomato yield and nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu) concentrations were determined. The results have shown that 10% solid vermicompost increased dry matter production of tomato plant with 8,92 g pot-1. This application was followed with 7,04 g pot-1 dry matter production in 20% solid vermicompost application. The highest increase in P (0,27% P) and K (9,01%) concentration of tomato plant was determined in 40% solid vermicompost. However, the highest N concentration was determined with chemical fertilization (4,06%). Generally, it was determined that the solid vermicompost higher effect on the yield and nutrient uptake of tomato plant than liquid vermicompost.

Çalışmada ülkemizde en çok yetiştirilen sebzeler arasında yer alan domates bitkisi araştırmanın konusu olarak seçilmiştir. Domates üretiminde Çukurova yöresi son yıllarda giderek artan bir üretim potansiyeline sahiptir. Dolayısıyla çalışma alanı olarak Çukurova yöresi seçilmiştir. Çalışmada araştırma alanındaki illere ait uzun yıllık sıcaklık ve yağış değerleri çalışmanın materyalini oluşturmuştur. Çalışmada Büyüme Derece-Gün (BDG) yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Domates bitkisinin gelişim evreleri için denge sıcaklıkları seçilmiş, gelişim dönemlerindeki denge sıcaklık değerlerine göre BDG değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Hesaplanan bu değerler irdelenerek araştırma alanındaki illerin yetiştiricilik açısından uygunluğu belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışmadan elde edilen veriler doğrultusunda Mersin ilinin ön plana çıktığı kanısına varılmıştır. Bitkisel üretim alanlarının önceden belirlenmesi ve bu alanlara göre üretim yapılması verimi olumlu yönde etkileyecektir. Dolayısıyla üreticinin gelirinin artması ülke ekonomisine de olumlu yönde katkı sağlayacaktır. Ayrıca, domates bitkisinin gelişim evreleri için seçilen temel sıcaklık değerlerine göre çoklu doğrusal olmayan regresyon denklemleri geliştirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, geliştirilen bu denklemler kullanılarak domates bitkisinin BDG değerlerini etkileyen değişkenler sayesinde domatesin gelişimi hakkında önceden bilgi sahibi olunacağı kanısına varılmıştır.

This study was conducted in order to determine the effect of the mechanical properties such as maximum force at the skin rupture point, energy at the skin rupture point and the skin firmness on color maturity of tomato by supervised learning algorithms of data mining. In the present study, a total of 88 tomato samples were used, and color measurements for each tomato in 4 different equatorial regions were performed and a total of 352 color measurement units were used. In the classification processes performed according to these mechanical properties, K-Star, Random Forest and Decision Tree (C4.5) algorithms of data mining were utilized, and in the comparison of comprising classification models, Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean absolute error (MAE), Root relative squared error (RRSE) and Relative absolute error (RAE) values, which are some of the criteria of error variance, were considered to be low, while the classification accuracy rate was considered to be high. As a result of the comparison made, the classification model formed according to K-Star instance-based algorithm [MAE: 0.004, RMSE: 0.006, %RAE: 1.73, %RRSE: 1.70] has been found to be a better classifier compared to the others. With the classification made according to K-Star algorithm, the maximum force at the skin rupture point on the degree of maturity of tomato and the skin firmness were found to be green, light red, and their effects are non-significant during the color conversion periods, and found significant during other periods while the energy at the skin rupture point is only pink and has been to be significant during the color conversion stages and non-significant during other stages.

Use of sewage sludge in agriculture is an alternative disposal technique for this waste. Accordingly, the effects of using the sludge obtained from Sivas Waste Water Treatment Plant in different doses (0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5% (w/w) and chemical fertilization) on the yield and nutrient concentration of tomato plants were investigated. The study was carried out with three replications according to the experimental pattern of randomized plots in the plastic pots with the capacity of 3 kg under the greenhouse conditions of Plant and Animal Production Department of Sivas Cumhuriyet University. It has been determined that the weight of the plants roots, stems and green components dry matter increases due to the increasing sewage sludge application and the highest efficiency is in the sewage sludge application of 5%. In addition, it has been determined that the concentrations of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) which are among the macro nutrients, tend to increase depending on the increasing dose of the sewage sludge. The concentrations of copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn) which are among the micro nutrients, increased with the increasing amount of sludge. In this context, it is thought that the sludge can be used in plant breeding, provided that it falls within the boundaries of the legal legislation.

Tomato is one of the most important vegetable crop which is widely grown in the world. Economic yield loses due to several insect species has been reported on tomato production. In recent years, a new pest Lasioptera sp, which causes significant damage in tomato production area has emerged. The pest has first been reported in tomato production areas of Mersin district in 2012 after it has been reported in Greece. This pest belongs to the family Cecidomyiidae and is causing damage in the stems and on the fruits of tomato. The larva feeds inside of the stem, so this makes management of the pest difficult. There are no adequate studies on integrated pest management on this pest. This report clearly showed that detailed studies on the biology and management of this pest in the tomato production should be done.

Bu çalışmada, topraksız tarım koşullarında farklı tuz stresi ve kalsiyum dozlarının domateste verim ve kalite üzerine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada üç farklı tuz dozu (2, 4 ve 6 dS/m) ve dört farklı kalsiyum dozu (0, 50, 100 ve 200 ppm) modifiye edilmiş Hoagland besin solüsyonu ile birlikte bitkilere uygulanmıştır. Standart Hoagland çözeltisi 2 dS/m olarak hazırlanmış ve yüksek tuz konsantrasyonları için (4 ve 6 dS/m) NaCl kullanılmıştır. Yüksek tuzluluk (4 ve 6) pazarlanabilir verimde düşüşe neden olurken, yüksek kalsiyum dozları (100 ve 200 ppm) tuzluluğun verim üzerindeki etkisini önemli ölçüde azaltmıştır. En yüksek tuz konsantrasyonunda (6 dS/m) kalsiyumun 100 ppm'den 200 ppm'e yükselmesi pazarlanabilir verimi 122,51 ton/ha'dan 199,74 ton/ha'a çıkarmıştır. Yaprak klorofil içeriği (SPAD) tuz konsantrasyonundan etkilenmezken, artan kalsiyum dozları klorofil içeriğinde artışa neden olmuştur. Özellikle yüksek tuz stresi altında (6 dS/m) kalsiyumun klorofil artışına etkisi daha belirgin olmuştur. Meyvede elektriksel iletkenlik, suda çözünebilir kuru madde miktarı (Brix) ve titre edilebilir asit miktarı tuzluluk arttıkça artarken, pH azalmıştır. Yüksek tuzlulukta kalsiyum arttıkça Brix ve titre edilebilir asit miktarı azalmıştır. Sonuç olarak, besin solüsyonunun tuz konsantrasyonunun yüksek olması pazarlanabilir ve toplam verimde önemli düzeyde düşüşe neden olurken, tuz stresi altında yüksek kalsiyum uygulaması verim kaybını azaltmıştır. Tuz stresi x kalsiyum interaksiyonu meyve kalite parametrelerini önemli düzeyde etkilemiştir.