Şekerpancarı üretiminde verim ve kalite için azot (N) ve bor (B) gübrelemesi önemlidir. Fakat fazla azotlu (N) gübreler kalite parametreleri üzerinde olumsuz etkilere neden olmaktadır. Hayvan yemi olarak kullanılan şeker pancarı yapraklarında nitrat birikiminin artması da olumsuz etkilenen kalite parametrelerinden birisidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, şeker pancarına farklı dozda azot ve bor uygulamasının bitki yapraklarında nitrat birikimi üzerine etkisini incelemektir. Çalışma, Kahramanmaraş ili Elbistan İlçesinde 2017 yılında B içeriği 0,56 mg kg-1 olan bir arazide yürütülmüştür. Deneme tesadüf blokları faktöriyel deneme desenine göre 3 tekerrürlü olarak kurulmuştur. Denemede 5 farklı N dozu (0, 9,18, 27, 36 kg N da-1) ve 4 farklı B dozu (0, 200, 400, 600 g B da-1) uygulanmıştır. Araştırmada temmuz, ağustos, eylül ve ekim aylarında yaprak örnekleri alınmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre N dozu arttıkça yaprakların nitrat içeriği istatistiksel olarak önemli derecede artmıştır. Bor uygulamasının yaprakların nitrat içeriği üzerine etkisi önemli bulunmamıştır. Hasat dönemine doğru yaprakların nitrat içeriği istatistiksel olarak önemli düzeyde azalmıştır. Sonuç olarak hasat sonrası şekerpancarı yapraklarının hayvan yemi olarak kullanması, nitrat bakımından hayvanlar için bir risk oluşturmamaktadır.

The aim of this study was to investigate some chemical characteristics and residual nitrite and nitrate levels of sucuk and salami samples collected from retail outlets of major supermarkets in Adana province. A total of 36 sucuk samples (12 brands; 7 national and 5 local producers) and 30 salami samples (10 brands; Macar salamis) were purchased from local markets. Sucuk and salami samples were analyzed for pH value, moisture content, water activity and nitrite and nitrate contents. The average pH values of sucuk samples ranged between 4.69 and 6.56 indicating a higher variation while the average pH values of salami samples ranged between 6.05 and 6.43. Likewise, the average moisture contents of sucuk samples were between 33.56% and 46.78% whereas the average moisture contents of salami samples ranged between 62.09% and 67.91% indicating a relatively lower variation. Water activity values of the sucuk samples were between 0.932 and 0.861 while the average aw values of the salami samples ranged between 0.916 and 0.940. Among the sucuk samples analyzed in the present study mean nitrite and nitrate contents ranged from 58.65 mg/kg to 216.63 mg/kg and 34.86 mg/kg to 161.08 mg/kg, respectively. While relatively lower nitrite (14.30 mg/kg - 35.96 mg/kg) and no nitrate contents were observed in salami samples, the data indicated that a higher variation of both nitrite and nitrate contents were still present in sucuk samples in the local markets requiring more studies and inspections to lower the variation related to dietary exposure to nitrite and nitrite from these types of products.

This study investigates the adsorption and desorption capacities of corn cob biochars produced at three different pyrolysis temperatures. Adsorption experiments were conducted using ammonium (NH4+) and nitrate (NO3-) solutions at concentrations 5, 10, 25, 50, and 100 mg L-1. Results indicated that CC300 biochar exhibited the highest NH4+ adsorption efficiency at lower concentrations, adsorbing 88.67% of NH4+ at 5 mg L-1. However, its adsorption capacity decreased with increasing NH4+ concentration. CC400 biochar demonstrated a balanced adsorption capacity for both NH4+ and NO3-, with 83.71% NH4+ adsorption and 87.17% NO3- adsorption at 5 mg L-1. CC500 biochar showed the highest NO3- adsorption capacity, reaching 90.05% at 5 mg L-1, but was less effective in NH4+ adsorption, particularly at lower concentrations. Desorption analysis revealed that CC300 and CC500 biochars retained NH4+ and NO3- effectively, with relatively low desorption rates. In contrast, CC400 biochar exhibited higher desorption rates, indicating a controlled nutrient release potential. The study highlights the significant influence of pyrolysis temperature on the adsorption and desorption characteristics of biochar and its suitability for specific nutrient management applications. These findings contribute to the optimization of biochar production and its effective utilization in sustainable agriculture and environmental protection.