Highly digestible high-lysine (HDHL) sorghum-wheat composites have previously been shown to produce better composite dough and bread compared to normal sorghum-wheat composites. This study aimed to test whether improved HDHL lines can provide further enhanced functionality through the effects of transglutaminase (TG) enzyme to improve dough rheological properties. Sorghum-wheat composite doughs were made using HDHL and normal sorghum flours at substitution levels of 10, 20, and 30%, with and without 0.15% TG. Rheological properties of dough were tested using a mechanical spectrometer at 0.05% strain amplitude (within the linear viscoelastic region) over a 0.01- 50 rad/sec frequency range. A more elastic system was observed in HDHL sorghum-wheat composites above 10% substitution levels compared to normal sorghum-wheat composite dough. Addition of TG to HDHL sorghum-wheat composites resulted in a decrease in phase angle values at all substitution level, indicating that TG increased the dough elasticity. However, TG did not change viscoelastic properties of normal sorghum-wheat composites. Bread from HDHL sorghum-wheat composites had significantly higher (P

Seeds of two citrus partners, Citrus reshni and C. jambhiri, preserved under two different temperatures-environmental temperature and temperature from 80 to 10 C were planted in an acid soil at 1.100 meters above sea level. In transplanting to bags, seedlings of these partners were inoculated with micorrhizal strains in a natural soil and in non-infected soil. A relationship among foliar area and the maximen length product by the maximum width in the leaves was established. The greatest emergency percentage was obtained during thirty days of storage; at temperatures from 8° to 10°C, the seed was better preserved. In C. reshni species Acaulospora longulata +Entrophospora colombiana exceeded Glomus manihotis and the control in both types of soil, in C. jambhiri in natural soil inoculation was effective. R2 over 99 % were found for linear regression among the foliar area and the length and width of the leaves. The accurate foliar area in Citrus partners in their first stages of growth was estimated through small samples. | En un suelo ácido, a 1.100 msnm, se sembraron semillas de dos patrones de cítricos Citrus reshni y C. jambhiri conservadas en dos temperaturas 8 .10 0C y ambiente, almacenadas por diferentes tiempos. Plántulas de estos patrones se inocularon, al momento del trasplante a bolsas, con cepas micorrizógenas en suelo natural y suelo desinfestado. Se estableció una relación entre área foliar y el producto largo máximo por ancho máximo de las hojas. Con 30 días de almacenamiento se obtuvo el mayor porcentaje de emergencia, en temperaturas de 8-10° C se conservó más la semilla. En C. reshni las especies Acaulospora longulata + Entrophospora colombiana superaron a Glomus manihotis y al testigo en los dos tipos de suelo; en C. jambhiri en suelo natural la inoculación fue efectiva. Se encontraron coeficientes de determinación R2 mayores de 99% para ecuaciones de regresión lineal entre área foliar y largo x ancho de las hojas, y con muestras pequeñas se pudo estimar con exactitud el área foliar de patrones de cítricos en estado de vivero.