This study was conducted to determine the effect of zinc on the productive performances, carcass yield and blood profiles of broilers. Experiment was done for a period of 35 days with a number of 60, day old broiler chicks. Birds were divided into four dietary treatment groups with 3 replications each having 5 birds per replication. The dietary treatment groups were; T0 (basal diet; no zinc), T1 (basal diet + 50 mg zinc/kg feed), T2 (basal diet + 100 mg zinc/kg feed), T3 (basal diet + 150 mg zinc/kg feed). Results revealed that body weight and body weight gain were significantly increased in the zinc supplemented group compared to the control group. Higher feed intake and better FE were also observed in the zinc supplemented group than the control group and the best performance was observed in the group fed 150mg zinc/kg feed (T3). Carcass yield was significantly higher in the groups fed dietary zinc. Net profit was slightly higher in the T3 group but not significantly (P.0.05) differed with the control group. However, T1 and T2 showed less profit even than the control group. Blood profile of the experimental birds including Hb, PCV, and ESR did not significantly differ among the groups. The results indicate that the addition of zinc in the broiler diet improves productive performances, carcass yield and increases net profit without affecting the health status of broiler. So, zinc can be used as an effective and useful micronutrient to improve the performances of broiler.

In this study, an image processing algorithm and classification unit were developed to classify the fruits according to their size and color characteristics. For this purpose, a total of 300 fruits (50 fruit samples from each of the Starkrimson Delicious and Golden Delicious apple varieties, Washington Navel and Valencia Midknight orange varieties, Ekmek and Eşme quince varieties) were used in the experiments. The size and color values measured with a caliper and a spectrophotometer were entered in the developed image processing algorithm to determine the success rates of classifying the fruits. The integration of image processing algorithm with the classification unit classified 88%, 100%, 96%, 82%, 86%, respectively. On the other hand, the size and color values read in fruits with the image processing algorithm were evaluated using predictive techniques used in data mining. For this purpose, K Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Decision Tree (DT), Naive Bayes classification and Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network (MLP) algorithms were used. Algorithms were run with 10-fold cross validation method. In the training of artificial classifiers, the success was 93.6% for KNN, 90.3% for DT, 88.3% for Naive Bayes, 92.6% for MLP and 94.3% for RF.

This research was carried out to investigate the fattening performance and slaughter and carcass characteristics of Hair goat and Saanen × Hair goat (G1) crossbred kids in different fattening systems. Thirty Hair goats and 30 Saanen × Hair goat (G1) crossbred singleton male kids 2.5-3 months old and weaned were used. The kids were fattened in three different systems: intensive, semi-intensive, and extensive. Marginal value analysis was applied to determine the optimum feeding periods of the kids. In order to determine the slaughter and carcass characteristics, all the kids fattened were taken to slaughter after determining their live weight at the end of the fattening. Live weight gains after the intensive, semi-intensive, and extensive fattening were 17.83 kg, 19.39 kg, and 18.29 kg in the Hair goat kids and 17.88 kg, 18.24 kg, and 17.32 kg in the Saanen × Hair goat (G1) crossbred kids, respectively. In the same order, the average concentrate feed consumed by kids for 1 kg live weight gain was 7.55 kg, 7.28 kg, 7.00 kg and 7.07 kg. Hot carcass weights after the intensive, semi-intensive, and extensive fattening were 13.58, 14.06, and 13.02 kg in the Hair goat kids and 14.21, 15.03, and 14.06 kg in the Saanen × Hair goat (G1) crossbred kids. The Saanen × Hair goat (G1) crossbred goats increased more in live weight than the Hair goat kids and the semi-intensive fattened goats increased more in live weight than the intensive and extensive fed goats. Moreover, the optimum fattening times generally varied between the groups, but not between genotypes within the group.

Nutrient elements, one of the major factors shaping plant development, are the major components of plants, and, after being taken from the soil, they are present in different organs of plant at different concentrations. The speciation of nutrient elements within plant body is vital importance for determining the contribution to plant development, knowing the transfer between organs within the body of organs, clearly understanding the factors influencing plant development, and shaping the plant development. In the present study, the change of the concentrations of K and Mg (macronutrient elements) and Cu (micronutrient elements) by species and organ in woody species Prunus cerasifera, Platanus orientalis, Acer negundo, Fraxinus excelsior, Catalpa bignonioides, Aesculus hippocastanum, and Tilia platypyllos. As a result, it was found that the changes of elements by species were statistically significant in all the organs, and, in general, the highest concentrations were observed in leaves. The study results revealed that the concentrations of these elements might significantly vary between the organs in the same species, which varies significantly by the species.

Fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) is one of the most important Diptera families, some species damage fruits, and cause millions of dollars in every years. In this study, adult fruit fly materials were collected from Gaziantep province between 2010 and 2021 from possible host plants using insect net. Obtained materials were examined, and were determined that 15 species. All species recorded for the first time from Gaziantep province. In addition, Goniurellia tridens (Hendel, 1910) recorded as a new record from Turkey. With these contributions, Gaziantep fruit fly fauna increased to 44 species. In the article, examined materials, current list of Gaziantep fruit fly fauna and adult and wing figures of Goniurellia tridens (Hendel, 1910) were given.

For a long time, many cultures around the world have used Tribulus terrestris L. in the prevention and treatment of various diseases. In this study, the antioxidant activity and total phenolic and flavonoid content of extracts obtained with various solvents from T. terrestris plant collected from different localities in Kahramanmaraş were investigated. In addition, the fixed oil content of the extracts was examined by GC-MS analysis and as a result, 26 different fatty acids were determined. The main fatty acid components of plant extracts are linoleic acid, oleic acid and palmitic acid. The total phenolic substance value of plant extracts varies between 2.20-18-77 mg g-1, total flavonoid amount varies between 0.06-0.50 mg g-1, FRAP value varies between 6.16-23.50 µg g-1 and DPPH value varies between 1.54-10.54 µg mL-1. It was observed that the solvents used in extraction affected the bioactivity values rather than the locations. Although the absorbance values of the extracts obtained with hexane were high, low extract yield affected the results. The highest values in all characters examined were obtained from ethanolic extracts.

Sustainable agriculture bases on certain ecological principles in both of crop production and livestocks. Legume-cereal intercropping in sustainable agricultural cropping system is the most applied in the intercropping systems in the World. Legume-cereal intercropping have many benefits such soil conservation, weed control, animal feed and effective land use, greater yield and quality in low-input agricultural system. Land use efficiently is available to evaluate the advantages of intercrop in sustainable agriculture to meet food demand due to increase in population. Amount of N2 fixed by intercropped legume is less compared to mono crop legume due to competition with cereal. However, proportion of total N derived from fixation (Ndfa %) in legume intercropped with cereal was greater than mono crop legume. N-transfer from the legume to neighbouring plant may be possible, but it can be affected by a lot of factors. The principal aim of present study is to define advantages of cereal-grain legume intercrops in sustainable agriculture.

Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen frequently isolated from food that causes different public health problems. In recent years, antibiotic resistance of pathogens has become an important problem affecting human health. For this reason, it is crucial to develop an alternative to antibiotics. Thus, the antibacterial effects of herbal extracts and essential oils are frequently investigated. In this article, the antibacterial activity of extracts obtained from 16 different herbs using ethanol, chloroform, acetone, and distilled water was evaluated against L. monocytogenes strains. The extract showing the highest antibacterial effect against L. monocytogenes was St. John’s Wort extracted in ethanol (31.72 ±0.52 mm). In addition, Myrtus leaf extracted in ethanol (27.2 ±0.52 mm) and St. John’s Wort extracted in acetone (25.6 ±0.52 mm) showed a high antibacterial effect against L. monocytogenes compared to other extracts. In the study, the solvent ethanol in which St. John’s Wort and Myrtus leaf were extracted showed the highest antibacterial activity. In contrast, the solvent that rosemary extract showed the highest antibacterial effect was acetone. However, the most antibacterial herb extracted in distilled water was peppermint (7.03 ±0.52 mm). The extracts of marjoram and yarrow did not show any antibacterial effect in any solvent used in the study. In conclusion, more studies are needed to determine the antibacterial effects of herbal extracts against pathogens in foods and their use.

In this study, the antioxidant activity values of infusions at different temperatures of the commercially sold rosehip tea bag. To determine the effect of different infusion temperatures on antioxidant activity, 7 different temperatures (0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90°C) also including cold infusions temperatures were selected. Infusions of the rosehip tea bags were prepared with packaged drinking water for 5 minutes (recommended time in tea bag packaging) at these temperatures. Antioxidant activity values of the infused extracts were determined by antioxidant activity determination methods: TPC (Total Phenolic Compound), CUPRAC (Cu (II) Ion Reducing Antioxidant Capacity), FRAP (Iron (III) Ion Reducing Antioxidant Power) and ABTS•+ (2.2-azinobis- (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid)) radical scavenging assay. According to the results obtained by the antioxidant determination methods, the highest and lowest activity values for TPC, FRAP and ABTS were measured at 90°C and 0°C, respectively, and a positive correlation was found between temperature and antioxidant activity values. Contrary to the activity values determined in these methods, in the CUPRAC method, the highest and the lowest activity value was measured at 45°C and 90 °C, respectively. As determined in the CUPRAC method, infusions of rosehip tea at low temperatures may provide an advantage in terms of the solubility of some phenolics that can be denatured at high temperatures. In addition, rosehip tea infusions at lower temperatures will contribute to lower energy costs.

Bovine and caprine mastitis is a dreadful bacterial disease that drastically lowers milk production, and presently it is spreading as an endemic pathogen throughout the world, including Bangladesh. Moreover, mastitis is the main impediment to Bangladesh’s tremendously rising milk-related industry and general livestock economy. Therefore, the aim of this study is to demonstrate the overall prevalence of clinical and sub-clinical mastitis in both dairy cows and goats. It is the foremost meta-analysis study regarding mastitis prevalence in Bangladesh and the study gathered the articles from the electronic database on the topic bovine and caprine mastitis published between January 2005 and November 2020. Finally, 33 articles were selected for estimating the overall prevalence rate of mastitis in ruminant (cow and goat) via random effect model estimation. Analyzing the result, the study found 43.0% (95% Cl: 37.0 - 50.0%) and 31.0% (95% Cl: 15.0 - 47.0%) prevalence rate in dairy cattle and goat. Statistically, the occurrence rate in Bangladesh is significantly higher than other countries. Although many studies showed the seroprevalence across different districts, this study demonstrates the aggregate incidence rates across Bangladesh as a whole. This paper may also serve as a reference point for the implementation of any control strategy of mastitis in Bangladesh.