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Effect of Different Media on Short Term Storage of Leaping Mullet (Liza saliens (Risso, 1810)) Sperm Texte intégral
2020
Serhat Engin | Muammer Kürşat Fırat | Osman Özden | Cüneyt Suzer | Müge Hekimoğlu | Onurkan Antepli | Şahin Saka
The present study aimed to evaluate the activation characteristics of the leaping mullet spermatozoa and diluted with four different media (D1, D2, D3, D4) for 250 h at 4±2°C. The semen was collected from nine wild fish in Homa Lagoon, İzmir, Turkey in July, during reproductive season. In each trial (n = 9), semen samples were collected and mixed to reduce sperm quality variation to obtain the required gametes for the experiment. The semen was activated with natural seawater (salinity of 34, pH 7.9 and 4±2°C) to determine: motility time, motility rate and viability of sperm. Dilution with inactivation media 1:3 increased motility time of diluted semen than control group. At the end of the experiment, no significant difference was found for the duration of survival in the D2 and D4 groups. The highest survival rate was found in D2 group.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Swot Analysis for Recreational Uses: Niğde Akkaya Dam Texte intégral
2020
Orhun Soydan
The subject of the study is to evaluate the Niğde Akkaya Dam with SWOT analysis and to make recommendations in terms of recreational use. The aim of the study is to identify the strengths and weaknesses, threats and opportunities of the Akkaya dam and to determine its goals and strategies in terms of recreation. In line with this purpose, the socio-economic, cultural and natural features, landscape potential of the area were evaluated using the SWOT, the opportunities that the positive and negative aspects of the area, were presented, and the possible or existing threats were determined. At the same time, the current recreation potential of the dam was determined, and suggestions were developed in line with the data in order to offer alternatives that can be evaluated in terms of sustainable use of the areas. It was determined that pollution occurs in the dam water due to environmental wastes, as a result of this pollution, harmful creatures multiply and bad smells are formed. However, it is accepted that the dam is home to a large number of migratory birds, that it has not lost its naturalness, and that most of the dam is in the university campus. Threats to the dam are; low water level, fishing, duck hunting etc. damage to ecological life due to activities, smell gradually increased. Their opportunities are determined as providing a suitable environment for bird watching, having a suitable infrastructure for ecological research, and being suitable for recreational activities for water. At the end of the study, suggestions were developed in terms of suitability of Akkaya Dam for recreational activities.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Effectiveness of Genetic Parameter Estimation in a Small Flock of Merino Sheep with Shallow Pedigree Texte intégral
2020
Serdar Duru | Mehmet Koyuncu
In this study, the genetic and non-genetic parameters were estimated for growth traits of Karacabey merino sheep. Growth performance data refer to 1863 lambs born between 2016 and 2018. Analyses were carried out by restricted maximum likelihood fitting animal models and disregarding or including maternal genetic or maternal permanent environmental effect. Six different animal model were fitted for all traits, and the most suitable model for each trait was chosen after Akaike information criterion test (AIC). Year of birth, age of dam, type of birth and lamb sex were significant sources of variation on birth weight (BW), average daily gain (ADG), Kleiber ratio (KR), weaning weight (WW) and six month weight (6MW). Direct heritability (h^2) for BW, ADG and 6MW were 0.12, 0.02 and 0.04, respectively, however, for KR and WW were 0.00 model 6 (which the best). The estimates of maternal heritability (m^2) for ADG, KR and WW were 0.12, 0.04 and 0.04, respectively in model 5, also maternal heritability were low for BW and 6MW. Maternal permanent environmental effects (c^2) have high contribution to the explanation growth traits and were estimated between 0.19 and 0.75 for these traits. These results showed that selecting for improved maternal and/or direct effects for Karacabey merino in the herd would generate very slow genetic improvement in growth traits.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Türkiye’de Sığır Eti Üretici Fiyatı Oluşumunda Etkili Olan Faktörler Texte intégral
2020
Yurdakul Saçlı
Türkiye’de Sığır Eti Üretici Fiyatı Oluşumunda Etkili Olan Faktörler Texte intégral
2020
Yurdakul Saçlı
İnsan sağlığı açısından başlıca hayvansal protein kaynaklarından olan kırmızı etin yeterli miktarda ve düzenli olarak tüketilmesi elzemdir. Türkiye’deki kişi başı kırmızı et tüketimi dünya ortalamasının oldukça altındadır. Bunun temel nedeni olarak sığır eti fiyatlarının yüksekliği ve sürekli bir artış eğiliminde olması gösterilmektedir. Ayrıca bu artış, enflasyon üzerinde de önemli baskı oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, sığır eti fiyatlarında izlenen artış eğiliminin enflasyon etkisinden arındırılarak üretici açısından değerlendirilmesi ve üretici düzeyinde et fiyatlarındaki artışa etki eden temel faktörlerin tespit edilerek, fiyatlarda istikrarın sağlanmasına yönelik çözüm önerileri geliştirilmesidir. Bu çerçevede, et fiyatlarındaki artışa neden olduğu düşünülen faktörler tespit edilmiş, girdi maliyetleri, ikame-rakip ürün fiyatları ve hayvancılık desteklerinin cari ve reel seyri analiz edilmiş ve sığır eti tüketici ve üretici fiyatları arasındaki ilişki düzeyi tespit edilmiştir. Analiz neticesinde sığır eti fiyatlarındaki artışın temel olarak, et üretiminin yetersiz olması nedeniyle oluşan talebin karşılanamamasından kaynaklandığı ve süt fiyatları ile sığır eti üretici fiyatları arasında kuvvetli bağlantı bulunduğu saptanmıştır. Buna göre, kırmızı et fiyatlarında istikrarın sağlanması için öncelikli olarak et üretiminin artırılması, buna yönelik olarak etçi tip besi hayvancılığının geliştirilmesi ve besi materyalinin yurtiçinde üretimi ile hayvan varlığının yeterli düzeye çıkarılması, pazarlama zincirinin kısaltılarak denetim altına alınması, hayvancılık politikalarının uzun vadeli ve planlı şekilde belirlenmesi ile et ve süt ilişkisi göz ardı edilmeden doğru ve etkin bir destek mekanizması oluşturulması gerekmektedir.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Determinación de la condición fisiológica de la semilla de Capsicum spp y efecto del método de secado para su almacenamiento. Texte intégral
2004
Bonilla, E. | Cardozo, C. I. | García, M. A.
Semillas del género Capsicum se caracterizaron fisiológicamente. Basados en datos de viabilidad y germinación se estimó la tolerancia a la desecación y conservación por lo cual se estableció la condición ortodoxa de las semillas. Sin embargo, se destaca la importancia de la variable vigor, que permitió establecer diferencias entre las especies respecto de su longevidad y deducir que los contenidos de humedad de 10% y 7.5% y temperatura de 10°C admiten mayor capacidad de conservación. Los cuatro métodos de secado (secado artificial, sílica gel, sol y sombra) y los dos sistemas de ambiente controlado no presentaron diferencias significativas en viabilidad. Se detectaron niveles moderados de latencia en las semillas que pudieron interferir en la interpretación de los resultados. Palabras claves: C. annuum, C. frutescens, C. baccatum, viabilidad, germinación. ABSTRACT Determination of physiological status of Capsicum spp seed and efect of the dry method for storage. Capsicum spp seeds was physiologycal characterizated. Based on data of viability and germination to estimate the tolerance to drying and conservation, the orthodox condition of the seeds could be established. Nevertheless, the importance of the variable vigor stands out, that allowed to establish differences between the species with respect to its longevity, It was settled down that 10 and 7.5% of humidity contents and temperature of 10°C allow greater capacity of conservation. The four methods of seed drying and the capacity of conservation under two different controlled environment systems were not significant differences. Moderate levels of the seed dormancy could be interfered the interpretation of the results. Keywords: C. annuum, C. frutescens, C. baccalum, viability, germination
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Effect of Ultrasound on Bioactive Components of Fruit Juices Texte intégral
2020
Burcu Dündar | Erdal Ağçam | Asiye Akyıldız
The demand of consumers to minimally processed, fresh-like foods can be meet with the non-thermal technologies, because of the undesirable effects of conventional thermal process on the quality parameters of fruit juices. Decrease in nutritional value, loss of colour pigments and vitamins, formation of some flavour defects can be reduced with ultrasound applications. Especially the advantage of ultrasound which is protecting or improving the bioactive component content have increased interest in ultrasound in recent years. In this study, the effects of ultrasound applications on bioactive components of fruit juices were reviewed and evaluated separately as the effect on ascorbic acid, anthocyanin, flavonoids and carotenoid contents. The increasing, decreasing or insignificant effects of ultrasound on bioactive content of juices which were observed in researches might be resulted from the differences between juice matrixes as well as ultrasonication parameters. Because of this, investigating ultrasound technology in different juices and optimizing the ultrasonication parameters for each fruit juice are important.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]In Vitro Antibacterial Activities of Various Ethanolic Medicinal Plant Extracts Against Some Human Pathogenic Bacteria Texte intégral
2020
Samir K. Ali | Ghorbat S. Ali | Berivan Abdulrahman Abdullah
In Vitro Antibacterial Activities of Various Ethanolic Medicinal Plant Extracts Against Some Human Pathogenic Bacteria Texte intégral
2020
Samir K. Ali | Ghorbat S. Ali | Berivan Abdulrahman Abdullah
The widespread use of antibiotics often causes increase in the bacterial drugs resistance and causes many side effects in humans. Medical plants have antimicrobial effects against most pathogenic bacteria and can serve as harmless replacement to antibiotics. The aim of this study was to assess the antibacterial effect of five medicinal plant prevailed in Kurdistan region namely; Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia (L.) D.Don), Nigella (Nigella sativa L.), Allium (Allium hirtifolium Boiss.), Carrot (Daucus carota L.), and Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) against pathogenic Gram positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus), and pathogenic Gram negative bacteria (Salmonella typhi and Escherichia coli). The evaluation of antibacterial activity for these plant extracts was carried out using agar-well diffusion method. Results showed that minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of A. hirtifolium against tested bacterial isolates were (25 mg/mL), the lowest MIC values for S. aureus were (25 mg/mL) observed with C. cassia, N. sativa and F. vulgare ethanolic extracts and the lowest MIC of D. carota against bacterial isolates were (50 mg/mL), Also, it was observed that S. aureus was more sensitive than S. typhi and E. coli to plant extracts. The ethanol plant extracts had potential antibacterial activities. However, further studies are required to identify the active compounds which could be used for the preparation of new antimicrobial agents and control the bacterial infectious diseases.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Análisis de la heterosis y de la habilidad combinatoria entre diferentes cultivares de tomate, Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. a partir de un cruzamiento dialélico Texte intégral
1989
Martínez P., Beatríz Adriana | Sanint P., Rodrigo | Vallejo Cabrera, Franco Alirio
An analysis of heterosis and combining ability of traits related with per plant production was carried out using a diallele crossing between different tomate cultivars, Lycopersicon esculentum Mill (six parent and 15 F1 hybrids from as possible crossing in one direction), according to the methodology proposed by Griffing (1956), selecting experimental method 2, and model 1. In the genetic variation of all traits related to per plant production, except in first class fruit trait, the general combining ability (gen non addite action) effects participate jointly and in highly significant manner. Hybrids Motelle x Angela I 5100, Motelle x Zambao y Licapal21 x Zambao, exhibited high s c a effects for the trait per plant production. Former effects related to high heterobeltyosis make these hybrids promising for later marketing. | Se realizó el análisis de la heterosis y de la habilidad combinatoria entre 21 cultivares de tomate, para el carácter producción por planta y sus componentes a partir de un cruzamiento dialélico (6 progenitores, 15 híbridos F1, sin incluir los recíprocos): utilizando el método experimental 2, modelo I propuesto por Griffing (1956). Se encontraron diferencias altamente significativas para los efectos de hcg y de hce para todos los caracteres a excepción del carácter producción de frutos de primera (frutos de más de 180 g). Los híbridos Motelle x Ángela I 5100, Motelle x Zambao y Licapal 21 x Zambao presentaron altos efectos de h c e para el carácter producción por planta. Los anteriores efectos asociados con altas heterobeltiosis hacen que estos híbridos sean promisorios para una posterior comercialización.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Determination of Yield and Some Fruit Quality Characteristics of the Festival and Camarosa Strawberry Cultivars Grown in Aydın/Sultanhisar Conditions Texte intégral
2020
Seda Erdoğan Bayram
The aim of this study was to determine the yield and various quality characteristics of two different strawberry cultivars (Fragaria x ananassa var. Festival and Camarosa), grown in the ecological conditions of Sultanhisar, Aydın, Turkey. The study was conducted over two years, in ten randomly selected open grown plantations for each of the two cultivars. When the fruits reached harvest maturity, they were harvested and their yield values, mean fruit weight, fruit diameter, fruit length, fruit firmness, colour, pH, titrable acidity, water-soluble dry matter, vitamin C content, total antioxidant capacity and total phenolics were determined. According to the results obtained, yield values fell in the second year of the study, but mean fruit weight, diameter and length increased. Similarly, the fruit firmness of both varieties was considerably greater in the second year, and these differences between the years were found to be statistically significant. While the highest antioxidant capacity and phenolic content were obtained from the Festival cultivar, the highest vitamin C content was found in the Camarosa cultivar. The changes of total antioxidant capacity and the amount of total phenolics according to years of both varieties were found to be statistically significant.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Organic Agriculture in Turkey Texte intégral
2020
Serpil Tıraşcı | Ümmügülsüm Erdoğan | Vecihi Aksakal
Turkey as well as in the developing world science, technology and the changing rural development and manufacturing approach accordingly with industry, has changed the shape of the realization of agricultural activities. As a result of new production methods, environmental and human health deteriorated and scientists have turned to organic agriculture. Organic farming practices, which started in the 1980s in our country, have improved significantly with the publication of the organic farming regulation in 1994 and the regulation was last regulated in 2018. Our country with conditions favourable for organic agriculture in terms of soil and water resources, climate, variety of products, this study was prepared in order to see how organic agriculture has progressed over the years and at what stage it is today. In 1990, 8 organic products were produced in Turkey with 313 farmers in an area of 1,037 ha. According to the latest data 73,563 farmers have grown 2,371,612 tons of organic products in 626,885 ha organic agriculture area. In addition, the organic product range produced was increased to 213. When we look at the export situation, it is seen that the total export amount is 111,690,675 tons and a significant amount of this export amount is 41.633,896 tons of wheat and wheat products. Looking at the import data, it is known that the total import amount is 175,865,85 tons and the most imported product is soybeans (non-seed) (99,446 tons). Although a significant increase in organic agriculture production has been observed compared to previous years, it is anticipated that this increase may increase even further considering Turkey's agricultural potential.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Anthocyanin Stability Profile of Mango Powder: Temperature, pH, Light, Solvent and Sugar Content Effects Texte intégral
2020
Shireen Akther | Farhana Sultana | Md. Rahim Badsha | Jakia Sultana Jothi | Md. Abdul Alim
Anthocyanin Stability Profile of Mango Powder: Temperature, pH, Light, Solvent and Sugar Content Effects Texte intégral
2020
Shireen Akther | Farhana Sultana | Md. Rahim Badsha | Jakia Sultana Jothi | Md. Abdul Alim
Anthocyanins, a major natural food colorant rich in mango powder, need considerable protection during processing and storage for better retention due to colour instability. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the stability of the anthocyanin’s extracts obtained from cabinet dried mango powder under different factors which could disrupted the anthocyanin pigments during processing. The factors are processing temperature and time (30°C, 60°C and 80°C for 10, 20 and 30 minutes each, respectively), storage conditions (room temperature, refrigerator temperature and freezing temperature), pH (2, 3, 4, 7 and 10), oxygen, influence of light, different extraction solvent (methanol, absolute ethanol, acidified ethanol (1%), and 50% KMS -Ethanol), sugar level (20%, 40%, and 60%). The intensity of the extracted colour was measured at wavelength 520 nm using UV-VIS spectrophotometer. The results can elucidate the increasing heating temperature and time, sugar content, and exposure to light is able to spoil the anthocyanin molecule. There was a proportional effect of pH and oxygen. The anthocyanin stability was found better in pH=10, acidified ethanol (1%) as extracting solvents, absence of light as processing condition and refrigeration temperature as storage temperature. Hence, these findings could be useful in the food industry to choose a proper processing condition for development of mango powders-based products for satisfying the consumer perception by retaining anthocyanin pigment.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Germinación asimbiótica de semillas y desarrollo in vitro de plántulas de Cattleya mendelii Dombrain (Orchidaceae) Texte intégral
2012
Salazar-Mercado, Seir Antonio(Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y del Medio Ambiente 1Departamento Administrativo de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (Colciencias))
Cattleya mendelii es una orquídea endémica de Colombia de gran valor ornamental que se encuentra en peligro de extinción a causa de la recolección masiva y a la destrucción de sus hábitats naturales por la acción antrópica. El cultivo in vitro es una alternativa para la conservación de esta especie o su comercialización. En esta investigación se evaluaron la germinación asimbiótica y el desarrollo de plántulas de las semillas de orquídeas de la especie C. mendelii, en diferentes medios de cultivos in vitro. Inicialmente se recolectaron cápsulas maduras; posteriormente, se determinó la viabilidad de las semillas con la prueba de Tetrazolio. En forma paralela, las semillas se desinfectaron y sembraron con el método de jeringuilla para evaluar el efecto de cinco medios de cultivo en el desarrollo de C. mendelii después de dieciséis semanas de cultivo. Se encontró que la viabilidad de las semillas fue del 93%. El mejor porcentaje de germinación se halló en el medio de cultivo Murashige-Skoog más agua de coco (MS + AC) con diferencias significativas (P < 0.05, Tukey) con respecto a los demás medios de cultivo. En este estudio se demostró que los medios de cultivos MS suplementados con agua de coco y jugo de piña fueron más eficientes en la germinación asimbiótica y en el desarrollo de plántulas en la orquídea C. mendelii con respecto a los otros medios de cultivo, lo cual los convierte en una opción en la reducción de los costos generados por la utilización de las fitohormonas. | Cattleya mendelii is an endemic orchid species from Colombia, which has a great ornamental value which is in danger of extinction due to massive collection and their natural habitat's destruction by human activities. In vitro culture is an alternative to preserve this species and/or carry out its marketing. In this study the asymbiotic germination and seedling development of seeds of C. mendelii, in several in vitro culture media were evaluated. Mature capsules were collected. Seed viability with tetrazolium test was done; seeds were disinfected at the same time and planted by the syringe method to evaluate the effect of five growth culture media on the development of C. mendelii after 16 weeks of cultivation. It was found that seed viability was 93%, the highest percentage of germination was found in the culture medium Murashige-Skoog plus coconut water (MS+AC) with significant differences compared to other culture media (P < 0.05, Tukey). This study showed that MS medium supplemented with coconut water and pineapple juice, were more efficient in asymbiotic germination and seedling development of C. mendelii orchids compared with other culture media. It could be an option to reduce the costs generated by using phytohormones.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Geographical Indications and Designations of Origin linked Agricultural Products: Current Statistics from Turkey Texte intégral
2020
Didar Ucuncuoglu
Geographical indications and designation of origins is an industrial property right describing a product originated from any region or attributable to any region due to its quality, reputation or other characteristics. Particularly, the geographical indications (GI) provide information about the raw material or final products’ geographical roots to consumers and characterize the degree of its quality. Two types of GI were defined: Protected Designations of Origin (PDO) and Protected Geographical Indication (PGI). On the other hand, the products that cannot be registered as a designation of origin or geographical indication could be registered as Traditional Speciality Guaranteed (TSG) products specialty guaranteed if it can be proven that the product is on the traditional market for at least 30 years. The main goal of this research is to examine Turkey’s current status about labelled geographic agricultural material with a comparative statistic overview.
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