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Carcass and Meat Quality of Yankassa Rams Fed Piliostigma Thonningii Essential Oil-Supplemented Diet Texte intégral
2025
Emmanuel Anaso | Emeka S. Fidelis | Al-Hassan M. Salihu
This study evaluated the effects of Piliostigma thonningii essential oil (PTEO) on carcass characteristics, organ weights, and sensory attributes of rams. Twenty-one ram lambs were randomly assigned to three treatment groups (7 rams per group) in a completely randomized design, with comparable initial body weights (10.55 ± 0.60 kg). The feeding trial spanned 90 days. Prior to statistical analysis, data were tested for normality using the Shapiro-Wilk test and for homogeneity of variances using Levene’s test. Both assumptions were satisfied, justifying the use of parametric procedures. Carcass weight at slaughter, hot carcass yield, and dressing percentage exhibited a consistent and significant upward trend in rams supplemented with PTEO (Treatments 2 and 3), with both groups recording markedly higher values (P < 0.05) compared to the control group (T1). Conversely, organ weights (head, limbs, heart, kidneys, lungs, trachea) and ribeye area exhibited no significant differences among treatments. Primal cuts including the neck, rack, loin, flank, foreleg, and hindleg were significantly heavier in rams T3. No significant differences were observed in brisket weights. Cooking loss was highest in the control group but significantly reduced in PTEO-supplemented groups, indicating improved meat quality. Water-holding capacity (WHC) was significantly higher in Treatment 3 compared to the other groups. However, shear force and meat pH at 0, 1, and 24 hours postmortem did not differ significantly among treatments. Similarly, sensory evaluations (colour, flavour, tenderness, texture, juiciness, and overall palatability) showed no significant variation across groups. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with PTEO improved carcass yield and meat quality in rams without compromising organoleptic properties. A supplementation level of 10 ml PTEO/kg diet was identified as optimal for enhancing dressing percentage and carcass traits.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Determination of Some Physicochemical Properties and Evaluation of Sensory Acceptability of Bread Produced Using Ancestor Seed Kavılca (Triticum dicoccum L.) Texte intégral
2025
Ali Kurt | Samet Mısır | Duygu Alp Baltakesmez
This study aims to evaluate the physical, structural and sensory properties of bread produced using the ancestral seed Kavılca (Triticum dicoccum L.) wheat. By the mounting global significance of concepts such as food safety, biodiversity and sustainability, there is an imperative for a re-evaluation of traditional agricultural systems and ancestral seeds in modern food production processes. Kavılca wheat, cultivated in the Ardahan region, is distinguished by its elevated nutritional value, resilience, and cultural significance. In the course of the research project, a comparison was made of breads produced with Kavılca and white flour. The comparison was made in terms of physical properties (baking loss, colour), structural properties (hardness, elasticity), and sensory properties (taste, odor, general acceptance). The results of the study demonstrated that Kavılca bread exhibited distinctive characteristics, including higher elasticity, pronounced crust browning, and a rich fatty acid profile. Furthermore, as the sensory property the overall acceptability of the Kavılca sample was notably higher than the refined wheat sample.The findings of this study indicate that Kavılca wheat may constitute a unique alternative in the production of functional foods and the development of gastronomic products. The study provides a scientifically based contribution to the discussion on the utilisation of traditional seeds in modern kitchens, while also offering an important framework for the protection of biodiversity and the promotion of local production.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Hayvan Beslemede Aromatik Yağların Kullanımı İle İlgili Bibliyometrik Analiz Texte intégral
2025
İrem Toprak | Gülay Demir | Abdullah Özbilgin
Bu çalışmada hayvan besleme ve beslenme hastalıkları ile ilgili daha önce yapılmış çalışmaları incelemek amaçlanmıştır. Bu çalışma hayvan besleme ile yapılmış çalışmaların derlendiği ilk bibliyometrik analizdir. Bunun için Scopus arama motoru kullanılmıştır. İlgili arama motorundan veriler 2023 yılında indirildi. Bu veriler VOSviewer ve biblioshiny paket programları ile analiz edildi. Besleme, aromatik yağlar, ruminant anahtar kelimeleri ile Scopus kullanılarak 1975-2024 yılları arasında 1138 makale incelenmiş incelenen makalelerde 5216 sayıda yazar bulunmaktadır. Bu yazarlardan 31 tanesi tek başına makale yazmıştır. Makalelere yapılan yıllık doküman başına düşen ortalama atıf sayısı 25.52’dir. Ayrıca makalelerin ortalama yaşı 5.3 yıldır. Bu konu ile ilgili en üretken ülke 866 makale ile Çin’dir. En çok yayın yapılan dergi 63 makale ile Animals, en çok yayın yapan üniversite 95 yayın ile Sichvan Tarım Üniversitesi, en çok yayın yapan yazarlar ise 16 makale ile Paengkoum P, Paengkoum S, Purba Rap ve Wang Y isimli yazarlar olmuştur. En çok kullanılan anahtar kelimeler ise ‘essential oil, growth performance ve essential oils’dir. Bu çalışma yalnızca ruminant beslemede aromatik yağlar ile ilgilenen araştırmacılar için değil gelecekteki potansiyel gelişmeler hakkında fikir edinmek isteyen herkes için değerli olduğu düşünülmektedir.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Erzurum İli Horasan İlçesinde Faaliyet Gösteren Sığırcılık İşletmelerinde Sürü Yönetimi ve Verim Özellikleri Texte intégral
2025
Bahri Bayram | Oğuz Fatih Ergün | Ayça Bayram
Bu çalışmada, Erzurum ili Horasan ilçesinde faaliyet gösteren sığırcılık işletmelerinde sürü yönetimi ve verim özelliklerinin tespiti amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla basit tesadüfi örnekleme yöntemi ile 340 adet sığırcılık işletmesi belirlenmiş, belirlenen bu işletmelerde işleme sahipleri ile yüz yüze anket yapılmıştır. Anket sonuçlarına göre, işletmelerin sadece %11,5’inde kayıt tutulduğu belirlenmiştir. Çoğunlukla, olarak suni tohumlama ve doğal aşım metodu birlikte kullanılmakla birlikte (%51,8), suni tohumlama tekniğinin tek başına kullanılma oranı (%2,6) oldukça düşüktür. Doğal aşımda kullanılan boğaların seçiminde dış görünüşe göre seçim kriteri (%47,6) ilk sırayı almaktadır. İlçede mevcut işletmelerde, düveler oldukça geç sayılabilecek bir yaşta tohumlamaya tabi tutuldukları anlaşılmıştır (31,6 ay). Düvelerde aşım kriteri olarak, ağırlık ve yaşın birlikte değerlendirildiği (%44,1), kızgınlık belirtisi olarak ise diğer sığırlara atlama (%45,1) davranışının dikkate alındığı anlaşılmıştır. İşletmelerde en önemli ayıklama nedeni yaşlılık (%72,4) olmuştur. Sağım çoğunlukla seyyar makineler ile yapılmasına rağmen (%50,6), yüksek oranda elle sağımın (%47,6) devam ettiği belirlenmiştir. İşletme sahiplerinden elde edilen bilgiye göre, ineklerin yıllık süt verimi bir tondan (994 kg/inek/yıl) az olduğu belirlenmiştir. İlçede faaliyet gösteren sığırcılık işletmelerinde birçok açıdan sürü yönetiminin iyi yapılmadığı anlaşılmıştır. İşletmelerde sürdürülebilirliğin sağlanması amacıyla, kapasitenin artırılması ve teknolojik altyapının geliştirilmesine yönelik mali ve teknik destekler sağlanmalıdır.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Phytochemical Analysis of Solidago Virgaurea: Quantitative Analysis of Bioactive Compounds By LC-MS/MS, Ascertaining the Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic Profile by Potentiometric Sensors Texte intégral
2025
İlyas Yıldız | Ozgur Eminagaoglu
Solidago virgaurea L. subsp. virgaurea (SVSV) has long been used in traditional medicine for treating urinary tract disorders, nephrolithiasis, and inflammatory-related conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant capacities and phenolic profiles of SVSV extracts. Antioxidant activities were assessed using the FRAP and DPPH assays. Moreover, total phenolic content was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu reagent (FCR). The advanced technique, a potentiometric sensor, was utilized for antioxidant assays and FCR. Phenolic composition in plant extract was determined by LC–MS/MS. Solidago virgaurea methanolic extract exhibited strong antioxidant potential with a FRAP value of 19.07 µmol TE/mg extract and a DPPH radical scavenging activity of 78.8% at 128 ppm. The total phenolic content was found to be 413.82 mg GA/mg extract. Compared to standards, SVSV methanolic extract showed higher DPPH activity (78.80%) than BHT (68.25%), BHA (49.06%), and Trolox (65.25%), and was the same as with gallic acid (78.55%). LC-MS/MS analysis revealed that the major phenolic compounds were trans-cinnamic acid (126.19 µg/g), chlorogenic acid (58.83 µg/g), and vanillin (26.17 µg/g), along with rutin (11.36 µg/g), gentisic acid (11.03 µg/g), and quercetin (2.47 µg/g). These findings demonstrate that SVSV possesses remarkable antioxidant capacity and a diverse phenolic profile, supporting its potential use as a functional food ingredient and natural source of antioxidants.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Preovulatory Follicle Size and Reproductive Parameters in Arabian Mares: A Comprehensive Analysis Texte intégral
2025
Beste Çil | Kumsal Orkun | Mustafa Oğuzhan Şahin | Ali Alparslan Sayım
Preovulatory Follicle Size and Reproductive Parameters in Arabian Mares: A Comprehensive Analysis Texte intégral
2025
Beste Çil | Kumsal Orkun | Mustafa Oğuzhan Şahin | Ali Alparslan Sayım
While the size of the preovulatory follicle is a crucial marker of reproductive potential in mares, its connection to reproductive parameters, especially in Arabian mares, remains uncertain. This study examined the association between preovulatory follicle size and various reproductive parameters in 301 Arabian mares, monitored ultrasonographically over four years and 563 estrous cycles. The mares were categorized into four age groups: 3–8, 9–13, 14–17, and 18 years and older. The preovulatory follicle diameter across consecutive cycles and the size of follicles leading to pregnancy post-ovulation were analyzed in relation to the ovulation side, age, parity, ovulatory cycle, and parous state. The mean preovulatory follicle size was 46.3±4.34 mm (range: 39–60 mm), with no significant difference between the pregnancy and non-pregnancy cycles (p=0.490). Parity was not correlated with overall follicle size (r=-0.013, p=0.757) or follicle size during the pregnancy cycles (r=-0.060, p=0.303). However, preovulatory follicle diameter varied significantly across ovulatory cycles (p=0.040), with the second cycle having the smallest mean follicle size (45.45±0.35 mm) compared to the first (46.5±0.23 mm) and third (46.95±0.53 mm) cycles. Additionally, parous mares had significantly larger follicles (46.40±0.19 mm) than maiden mares (45.25±0.57 mm, p=0.050), while age group (p=0.796) and ovulation side (p=0.558) had no significant effect on follicle size. Follicle size remained consistent between pregnancy and non-pregnancy cycles across different age groups, consecutive cycles, parity states, and ovulation sides. These findings suggest that although follicle size varies across ovulatory cycles and parous states, it does not significantly affect pregnancy outcomes in Arabian mares. This insight could help refine breeding strategies by emphasizing the role of factors other than follicle size in optimizing reproductive success.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Design and Experimental Evaluation of a Minimal-Damage Cotton Topping Device Texte intégral
2024
Yang Xu | Changjie Han | Shilong Qiu | Jia You | Jing Zhang | Yan Luo | Bin Hu
Cotton topping is a crucial aspect of cotton production, inhibiting apical dominance in cotton plants. Existing cotton topping machinery often results in over-topping. To address this challenge, the characteristics of manual topping operations were emulated by incorporating bionic principles to analyze the motions involved. Studying the artificial topping action and the trajectory of hand movements led to the design of a bionic topping manipulator and a trajectory-generating mechanism, serving as the core component of the cotton topping device. A flat-bottomed follower disc cam mechanism was used to facilitate the automatic opening and closing of the manipulator. The cam&rsquo:s working area was divided, its contour curve selected, and the manipulator&rsquo:s pulling spring&rsquo:s action point and length determined. Subsequently, parametric equations for the motion trajectory of the bionic topping manipulator were established. Building on the topping mechanism&rsquo:s working principle, a mechanical model was developed to analyze the swing of cotton plants. The model demonstrates that the displacement at the free end of the stalk was primarily influenced by its length. A lifter was then designed to reduce plant swing amplitude and orderly distribute its top position. The designed prototype of a single-row cotton bionic topping device was tested and verified through orthogonal tests, using operating speed, rotational speed, and topping depth as test factors. The topping rate and over-topping rate served as the indices for testing. The results indicated an average topping rate of 78.67% and an over-topping rate of 8%. This was achieved at a 0.3 m/s operating speed, a 40 r/min rotational speed, and a 110 mm topping depth. Cotton topping devices demonstrated greater effectiveness in minimizing damage to cotton plants, and future research should focus on enhancing topping rates even further. This study provides a theoretical foundation and test data to support the design of cotton topping machinery, guiding future mechanical improvements and agricultural practices.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Can Inbreeding Increase Viability? A Case Study on An Infectious Outbreak in An Inbred Pigeon Flock Texte intégral
2025
Hakan Erdem | Türker Savaş
Can Inbreeding Increase Viability? A Case Study on An Infectious Outbreak in An Inbred Pigeon Flock Texte intégral
2025
Hakan Erdem | Türker Savaş
Inbreeding increases homozygosity, resulting in a loss of alleles and lower genetic variation than the parental population. In a small population, this low genetic variation and homozygosity can quickly lead to adverse effects. This study was conducted on a flock of pigeons with 32 adult pigeons. A disease characterized by dyspnea, anorexia, vomiting and sudden death has occurred in birds. Mortality and morbidity were recorded during the outbreak. The inbreeding coefficient was determined in the flock, with pedigree records going back 12 years. Although not significant, the inbreeding coefficient of dead birds are lower than that of symptomatic or healthy birds. It is also seen that there is no statistical significance in terms of inbreeding depression in morbidity or mortality status. The result indicated that inbreeding depression in morbidity and mortality was not observed in this particular disease case.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]The Load Cycle Amplitude Model: An Efficient Time-Domain Extrapolation Technique for Non-Stationary Loads in Agricultural Machinery Texte intégral
2024
Zihan Yang | Xuke Liu | Zhenghe Song | Hanting Liu
In traditional time-domain extrapolation methods, the peak over threshold (POT) model is unable to accurately identify large load cycles in the load time history, resulting in distorted extrapolation results, particularly when addressing non-stationary loads. To address this problem, this paper proposes a time-domain extrapolation method based on the load cycle amplitude (LCA) model. The core of the method involves using load cycle amplitude features extracted from the measured loads as the basis for modelling, rather than extreme turning points based on threshold extraction. This approach prevents the load&rsquo:s time-domain characteristics from compromising the accuracy of the extrapolation results. The case analysis results demonstrate that the extrapolation method based on the LCA model achieves more reliable results with both non-stationary and stationary loads. Furthermore, the streamlined modelling process results in reductions of 10.63% and 20.84% in the average computing time for the algorithm when addressing stress and vibration loads, respectively. The LCA model proposed in this paper further facilitates the integration of time-domain extrapolation methods into reliability analysis software.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Geleneksel Gıdaların Sosyolojik Boyutu Texte intégral
2025
Fikret Nafi Çoksöyler | Sevda Aktoklu
Yerel geleneksel yemekler bölgelerin tarihsel, coğrafi ve kültürel özelliklerini yansıtırken, bireylerin yeme alışkanlıkları ise sosyal ve ekonomik yapıya dair ipuçları sunar. Günümüzde, küresel endüstriyel gıda üretimi ve dağıtımı karşısında geleneksel gıda üretimi ciddi bir rekabet gücü kaybı yaşamaktadır. Geleneksel tarımsal ürünlerin üreticisi olan çiftçiler, yok olma tehlikesiyle karşı karşıyadır. Bu durum hem geleneksel ürünlerin kaybı hem de yeme-içme kültürümüzün önemli bir kısmının yok olması anlamına gelmektedir. Avrupa Birliği (AB) bu kaybın önlenmesi ve sorunun tüm boyutları ile değerlendirilip çözümü için kısa adı TRUEFOOD olan büyük bir proje yürütmüştür. Bu proje kapsamında AB, geleneksel gıdaların küresel rekabet koşullarında korunmasını sağlarken, üretim süreçlerinin çağın gerektirdiği gıda güvenliği standartlarına uyumlu hâle getirilmesini hedeflemiştir. Türkiye’de ise bu sürece parelel olarak başlatılan ve yaklaşık 20 yıldır düzenlenen Geleneksel Gıdalar Sempozyumu (GGS) serisi ile geleneksel gıdalarımız kayıt altına alınmaya çalışılmaktadır. Ayrıca çeşitli kurumlar AB’de olduğu gibi Coğrafi İşaret (Cİ) tescilleri ile “geleneksel gıdaları” korumaya çalışmaktadır. GGS serisinde sunulan birçok makalede, geleneksel gıdaların sadece ham madde ve üretim teknolojilerinden ibaret olmadığı; bununla birlikte toplumsal kimlik ifadesi, dini ritüel, dayanışmayı teşvik eden bir olgu ve bireylerin hatıralarını yansıtan bir bütün olduğu görülmektedir. Serinin gelecek sempozyumlarında ise “geleneksel gıdalarımızın” kayıt altına alınmasında onların hikâyelerinin ve sosyolojik boyutlarının birlikte inceleneceği bir gelenek oluşturulmasının kültürümüzün devamlılığı açısından büyük yararlar sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Growing Degree Day Climatology in Aydın, Türkiye Texte intégral
2025
Ercan Yeşilırmak
Plants need to accumalate heat to complete a particular or whole growth period. This accumalation depends on temperature thresholds above or below which plant growth ceases, and on air temperature. It can be speculated that more heat accumulation is available for plants due to rapid warming within three or four decades. This study presents more recent heat accumulation for plants, quantified using a useful index called growing degree day (GDD), for five locations (Söke, Kuşadası, Aydın, Sultanhisar and Nazilli) in Aydın, Türkiye, during the latest climatic normal period from 1991 to 2020. GDD values were calculated both in monthly basis from March through October, and in daily basis from March 1st to October 31st. Monthly GDD averages, as expected, showed a pattern that increased from March to July or August, then decreased thereafter till October. Range and standart deviation showed approximately an opposite pattern, suggesting higher uncertainity in relatively colder months. The results are expected to provide farmers or agricultural practitioners with the latest averages of GDD to predict plant growth and development.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Exploring the Antioxidant and Neuroprotective Potential of Muscari armeniacum: Phenolic Profiling and Enzyme Inhibition Texte intégral
2025
Fevzi Topal | Firat Yılmaz | Meryem Topal | Ahmed Menevşeoğlu
This study aimed to investigate the antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory properties of Muscari armeniacum, a plant native to Türkiye, which is known for its bioactive compound content. Ethanol extracts of Muscari armeniacum were prepared and analyzed using a variety of bioanalytical methods to assess its potential health-promoting properties. The antioxidant capacity was evaluated through Fe³⁺-Fe²⁺ reduction capacity, CUPRAC, DPPH, and ABTS radical scavenging activities. Additionally, the total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the extracts were determined, as these compounds are critical indicators of antioxidant potential. The antioxidant activity of Muscari armeniacum was compared with five standard antioxidants commonly used for benchmarking: BHA, α-tocopherol, BHT, trolox, and ascorbic acid. The extract demonstrated a high flavonoid content (23.24 µg QE/mg extract) and a significant amount of phenolics (14.38 µg GAE/mg extract), with the flavonoid content being particularly noteworthy. In addition to its antioxidant properties, the enzymatic activity assays revealed that the extract significantly inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) enzymes, which are associated with neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s. The IC₅₀ values were determined to be 54.14 mg/mL (R² = 0.9695) for AChE and 58.73 mg/mL (R² = 0.9609) for BChE, indicating moderate enzyme inhibition. These results suggest that Muscari armeniacum could serve as a valuable source of bioactive compounds with significant antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities. Its potential applications in the treatment of oxidative stress-related diseases and neurodegenerative disorders make it a promising candidate for further pharmacological studies. This research underscores the importance of exploring native plants for their medicinal and therapeutic potential, contributing to the development of alternative treatments for challenging health conditions.
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