Sarcophagidae and Calliphoridae are families of Diptera that cover, respectively, about 3,100 and 1,000 species described worldwide. The species of these families have medical and veterinary importance, due to their role as vectors of pathogenic agents. The Diptera fauna is little known in many Brazilian ecosystems, including some phytophysiognomies of the Atlantic Forest. In the present study, two expeditions were carried out, one in the rainy season and the other in the dry season, using four traps baited with fish and exposed for 48 hours in the field in the Parque Natural Municipal Atalaia in the municipality of Macaé. The collected material was sorted and assembled at Instituto de Biodiversidade e Sustentabilidade - NUPEM/UFRJ and transported to Laboratório de Biodiversidade e Sistemática de Diptera - Museu Nacional, UFRJ (MNRJ), for later identification. A total number of 712 specimens of Calliphoridae and 27 of Sarcophagidae were collected. The sampling effort for Sarcophagidae collection was average, since the species accumulation curve continues to rise, unlike the Calliphoridae curve, which remains stable. The study included species considered asynanthropic, as Hemilucilia semidiaphana (Rondani, 1850) (Calliphoridae), but also invasive species, like those of the genus Chrysomya Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 (Calliphoridae). Therefore, the present study contributed to expand knowledge about both families in the Atlantic Forest, in Rio de Janeiro, and emphasized the importance of continuing studies in the region, as many species are asynanthropic, while others are invasive, which can result in the inhibition of the native ones.

A new species of Paratropis is herein described and illustrated, namely: Paratropis minusculus n. sp. based on males, females and immatures from Potaro-Siparuni, Guyana. Male e female of P. minusculus differ from those of all other species of the genus by having six eyes and by spinneret apical segment domed. In addition, we presented the first record of paratropidid species from Guyana, contribute to the knowledge of local biodiversity.

In a global context, few studies have investigated the effects of urbanization on apifauna, as well as the importance of green areas in urban centers for the conservation of local bee fauna. In Brazil, this line of research is still quite recent, with most studies carried out in regions with a predominance of the Atlantic Rainforest phytogeographic domain. For the Brazilian state of Bahia, such research is still scarce and, especially, if we consider the large territorial dimension that this state denotes. In the area that covers the Cerrado, few studies have been carried out that inventory the urban apifauna. In this paper we present a list of bee species recorded in urban areas of the city of Barreiras, Bahia, Brazil, which represent the first apifauna inventory in the Western region of Bahia. Specimens were collected fortnightly from November 2019 to April 2020, using two sampling methods: colored water traps (ARCAs/pantraps) and entomological net, in two remnants of vegetation used as sampling points. A total of 749 specimens were sampled, distributed in four families, 18 tribes, 29 genera, and 45 species. A total of 369 (49.3%) specimens were collected using the entomological net and 380 specimens (50.7%) by using the ARCAs. Our results showed that the area with the highest level of urbanization had bioindicator species of degraded environments, which benefit from urbanization, and despite the urban growth, the fragments found in the matrix can serve as a refuge for bee fauna, as long as they are well planned.

Objetivando observar a viabilidade de um novo método para amostragem de acridóideos (conhecidos vulgarmente por gafanhotos), bem como a distancia percorrida e número ideal de amostras para amostragem foi proposto o estudo. Os levantamentos foram conduzidos em duas áreas de campo nativo no município de São Sepé, localizado na região Depressão Central no RS. As coletas foram realizadas durante o verão de 2009 com o auxilio de uma rede de coleta adaptada. As distâncias avaliadas foram de 5, 10, 15, 20 e 25m, com oito repetições cada, sendo 40 coletas por área, a amostragem foi ao acaso. As variáveis respostas foram: adultos, ninfas, espécies e número total de insetos. Foram calculadas as estatísticas descritivas, o teste Qui-quadrado a 5% de probabilidade de erro e à relação mediana/pseudo-sigma, aliada a metodologia de reamostragem Jackknife. Foram coletados 969 espécimes distribuídos em 22 espécies, 17 Gêneros, três Famílias distintas Acrididae, Proscopiidae e Romaleidae, e duas Superfamílias (Acridoidea e Eumastacoidea). Evidenciou-se relativa eficiência do método proposto. A distancia percorrida de 25 m aliada ao número de sete amostras mostrou-se ideal para coleta de acridóideos. Ideal Size and Number of Samples to Collect Grasshoppers in the Central Depression in Rio Grande do Sul Abstract. Aiming to observe the viability of a new method for sampling acridoideos (by commonly known locusts) and the ideal distance and number of samples for the study sample was proposed. The surveys were conducted in two areas of native grassland in Sao Sepe, in Central Depression, Rio Grande do Sul State. Samples were collected during the summer of 2009 with the help of a network of collection adapted. The distances were measured 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25m, with eight repetitions each, of which 40 samples per area, sampling was random. The response variables were: adults, nymphs, and total number of species of insects. Descriptive statistics were calculated, Chi-square test and used the median ratio/pseudo-sigma methodology combined with Jackknife resampling. We collected 969 specimens representing 22 species, 17 Genres and three distinct families Acrididae, Proscopiidae and Romaleidae, and also two Superfamilies (Acridoidea and Eumastacoidea). It was evident relative efficiency of the proposed method. The distance traveled of 25 m coupled with the number seven samples proved to be ideal for collecting of grasshoppers.

The calliphorids flies comprise a heterogenous family found in all zoogeographical regions, with over 1,000 species and 150 genera described. The blow flies have a great medical and veterinary importance, and can be use in forensic science, especially in order to estimate the postmortem interval. Despite its wide distribution and importance, the group presents many taxonomic problems, and many conflicting records regarding the number of species in the Neotropical Region. In this paper, we list all species of Calliphoridae found in the Americas south of Mexico, based on reports in the literature between the years 1960 and 2012. There are 29 genera and 99 species recognized distributed in seven subfamilies: Calliphorinae (three genera and eight species), Chrysomyinae (seven genera and 28 species), Luciliinae (one genus and 17 species), Mesembrinellinae (nine genera and 33 species), Polleniinae (one genus and one species), Rhiniinae (one genus and one species), and Toxotarsinae (seven genera and 11 species). An identification key for the species that occur in Brazil is presented. Lista Atualizada de Nomes Válidos de Moscas-Varejeiras (Diptera: Calliphoridae) das Américas ao Sul do México, com uma Chave para as Espécies que Ocorrem no Brasil Resumo. Os califorídeos constituem uma família heterogênea encontrada em todas as regiões zoogeográficas, com mais de 1.000 espécies e 150 gêneros. As moscas-varejeiras possuem grande importância médica e veterinária, e podem ainda ser utilizadas nas ciências forenses, principalmente para estimar o intervalo pós-morte. Apesar da sua vasta distribuição e importância, o grupo apresenta muitos problemas taxonômicos e diversos registros conflitantes no tocante ao número de espécies presentes na região Neotropical. Neste artigo nós listamos todas as espécies de Calliphoridae encontradas nas Américas ao sul do México, baseadas em registros na literatura entre os anos de 1960 e 2012. Existem 29 gêneros e 99 espécies reconhecidas e distribuídas em sete subfamílias: Calliphorinae (três gêneros e oito espécies), Chrysomyinae (sete gêneros e 28 espécies), Luciliinae (um gênero e 17 espécies), Mesembrinellinae (nove gêneros e 33 espécies), Polleniinae (um gênero e uma espécie), Rhiniinae (um gênero e uma espécie) e Toxotarsinae (sete gêneros e 11 espécies). Uma chave de identificação para as espécies que ocorrem no Brasil é apresentada.

The calliphorids flies comprise a heterogenous family found in all zoogeographical regions, with over 1,000 species and 150 genera described. The blow flies have a great medical and veterinary importance, and can be use in forensic science, especially in order to estimate the postmortem interval. Despite its wide distribution and importance, the group presents many taxonomic problems, and many conflicting records regarding the number of species in the Neotropical Region. In this paper, we list all species of Calliphoridae found in the Americas south of Mexico, based on reports in the literature between the years 1960 and 2012. There are 29 genera and 99 species recognized distributed in seven subfamilies: Calliphorinae (three genera and eight species), Chrysomyinae (seven genera and 28 species), Luciliinae (one genus and 17 species), Mesembrinellinae (nine genera and 33 species), Polleniinae (one genus and one species), Rhiniinae (one genus and one species), and Toxotarsinae (seven genera and 11 species). An identification key for the species that occur in Brazil is presented.

Objetivando observar a viabilidade de um novo método para amostragem de acridóideos (conhecidos vulgarmente por gafanhotos), bem como a distancia percorrida e número ideal de amostras para amostragem foi proposto o estudo. Os levantamentos foram conduzidos em duas áreas de campo nativo no município de São Sepé, localizado na região Depressão Central no RS. As coletas foram realizadas durante o verão de 2009 com o auxilio de uma rede de coleta adaptada. As distâncias avaliadas foram de 5, 10, 15, 20 e 25m, com oito repetições cada, sendo 40 coletas por área, a amostragem foi ao acaso. As variáveis respostas foram: adultos, ninfas, espécies e número total de insetos. Foram calculadas as estatísticas descritivas, o teste Qui-quadrado a 5% de probabilidade de erro e à relação mediana/pseudo-sigma, aliada a metodologia de reamostragem Jackknife. Foram coletados 969 espécimes distribuídos em 22 espécies, 17 Gêneros, três Famílias distintas Acrididae, Proscopiidae e Romaleidae, e duas Superfamílias (Acridoidea e Eumastacoidea). Evidenciou-se relativa eficiência do método proposto. A distancia percorrida de 25 m aliada ao número de sete amostras mostrou-se ideal para coleta de acridóideos. Ideal Size and Number of Samples to Collect Grasshoppers in the Central Depression in Rio Grande do Sul Abstract. Aiming to observe the viability of a new method for sampling acridoideos (by commonly known locusts) and the ideal distance and number of samples for the study sample was proposed. The surveys were conducted in two areas of native grassland in Sao Sepe, in Central Depression, Rio Grande do Sul State. Samples were collected during the summer of 2009 with the help of a network of collection adapted. The distances were measured 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25m, with eight repetitions each, of which 40 samples per area, sampling was random. The response variables were: adults, nymphs, and total number of species of insects. Descriptive statistics were calculated, Chi-square test and used the median ratio/pseudo-sigma methodology combined with Jackknife resampling. We collected 969 specimens representing 22 species, 17 Genres and three distinct families Acrididae, Proscopiidae and Romaleidae, and also two Superfamilies (Acridoidea and Eumastacoidea). It was evident relative efficiency of the proposed method. The distance traveled of 25 m coupled with the number seven samples proved to be ideal for collecting of grasshoppers.

Carabidae são Coleoptera com a maioria de suas espécies apresentando hábito alimentar predatório. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi estudar a diversidade e abundância da família Carabidae (Coleoptera) em áreas de fragmento florestal e em áreas de reflorestamento de mata ciliar, evidenciando a importância deste grupo como indicador da biodiversidade em relação ao sucesso do reflorestamento. Os besouros foram amostrados por meio de armadilhas de solo pitfall, em fragmentos florestais e reflorestamentos de mata ciliar em três municípios do estado do Paraná. A abundância de Carabidae foi maior nos reflorestamentos de mata ciliar. A espécie Odontochila nodicornis (Dejean) foi, significativamente, a mais abundante e encontrada em todas as áreas estudadas. Houve similaridade da riqueza de carabídeos encontrada no fragmento florestal remanescente com a riqueza constatadas nos reflorestamentos, mesmo naqueles onde as coletas foram realizadas distante 3 Km do fragmento ou nas áreas de reflorestamento que não apresentavam conexão com o fragmento remanescente. Tetracha brasiliensis (Kirby) foi coletado quase que exclusivamente no reflorestamento sem conexão com o fragmento. Utilizando-se o teste de Kruskal-Wallis, não se constatou atratividade pelas diferentes iscas, no entanto verificou-se diferença significativa entre o número coletado nas armadilhas com iscas, quando comparado com o controle. A maior concentração de carabídeos coletados foi no período de dezembro a fevereiro, estação correspondente ao verão para a região estudada. A similaridade da riqueza de carabídeos encontrada entre os fragmentos de floresta e os reflorestamentos de mata ciliar, pode sugerir sucesso do método de reflorestamento, estando avançando para condições de característica primária. Diversity of Carabidae (Coleoptera) Samples in Areas of Riparian Reforestation and Forest Fragment, in the State of Paraná Abstract. Carabidae are Coleoptera whose most species have a predatory eating habit. The purpose of this paper was to study the diversity and abundance of Carabidae (Coleoptera) family in forest fragment areas and in reforestation areas of riparian vegetation, evidencing the importance of this group as a biodiversity indicator regarding the reforestation success. Beetles were sampled using soil pitfall traps in forest fragments and reforestation of riparian vegetation in three municipalities the state of Parana. The abundance of Carabidae was higher in riparian reforestation. The species Odontochila nodicornis (Dejean) was the most significantly abundant and found in all studied areas. There was a similarity in richness of Carabidae found in the remaining forest fragment, being the wealth found in reforestation, even where samples were collected 3km away from the fragment or in reforestation areas that did not have any connection with the remaining fragment. Tetracha brasiliensis (Kirby) was almost exclusively collected in reforestation unrelated to the fragment. Using the Kruskal-Wallis test, it was not noted any attraction of different baits, but there was a significant difference between the collection number in baited traps compared with the control. The highest concentration of Carabidae was collected from December to February, period corresponding to the summer season for the studied region. The similarity on the richness of Carabidae found between forest fragments and reforestation of riparian vegetation may suggest the reforestation method success, being able to advance to the primary characteristic.

The Cerrado and Atlantic Forest biomes are global biodiversity hotspots. However, these environments still face large knowledge gaps concerning fauna inventory studies, such as those on harvestmen. Our study aimed to sample harvestmen species in a transition area between the Atlantic Forest and Cerrado, contributing to future biodiversity assessments and conservation efforts in Brazil. The surveys were conducted in the municipality of Luminárias, southern Minas Gerais state, between May 2023 and March 2024. We collected 185 individuals from six species and three morphospecies with a wide geographical distribution, but whose conservation status has not been assessed, which may affect their protection. Additionally, loss of native vegetation may lead to reductions in their populations. Our study supports current literature, which suggests the need for more inventories and the creation of a Conservation Unit in the Luminárias region.

The Neotropical genus of stingless bees Melipona Illiger, 1806 is exclusive to Tropical America and has its greatest diversity in South America, with about 74 described species. In Bahia, there is an occurrence record for 12 species of Melipona, distributed in four subgenera. Among the Melipona (Melikerria) that occur in Bahia, we highlight Melipona (Melikerria) quinquefasciata Lepeletier, 1836. Although widely distributed in Brazil, its underground nesting habit associated with its preference for high altitude areas, make the species extremely vulnerable. This work sought to describe nests and map the occurrence of this species for the State of Bahia, since its record is limited to areas of Chapada Diamantina. Knowledge about the biogeography of the species is extremely important, strengthening its sustainable creation that respects the area of ​​occurrence of the species, as well as seeking alternatives and public policies for sustainable conservation, since its area of ​​occurrence is extremely vulnerable to the expansion of the agricultural frontier in the State.