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Two new species of Arisemus (Diptera: Psychodidae) from the Northeast Atlantic Forest, Brazil Texte intégral
2021
Naiara Vilarinho | Maíra Xavier Araújo | Freddy Bravo | Claudiney Biral dos Santos
Arisemus atlanticus Vilarinho, Araújo, Bravo & dos Santos sp. nov. and Arisemus benignoi Vilarinho, Araújo & Bravo sp. nov. are described from the Central Corridor of the Atlantic Forest. Currently, thirty-three species of the genus has been described from the Neotropical Region and only one from Brazil.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Anopheline species (Diptera: Culicidae) from the Maracá Ecological Station, Roraima State, Brazil Texte intégral
2021
Vera Margarete Scarpassa | José Ferreira Saraiva
Anopheline species were sampled in different ecotones at Maracá Ecological Station and in Cantá municipality, both in Roraima State, Brazil, in June 2016. Nine species were recorded. Six species belong to the subgenus Nyssorhynchus and three species to the subgenus Anopheles. The most abundant species collected were Anopheles triannulatus s.l., Anopheles nuneztovari s.l. and Anopheles oswaldoi species B. The remaining species had frequencies lower than 10%. While A. triannulatus s.l. was the most frequent and the most widely distributed species in the studied area, Anopheles darlingi Root, the main malaria vector in the Brazilian Amazon region, was captured in two different ecotones and in low frequency. Our findings suggest that the risk of malaria outbreaks at Maracá Ecological Station may be low. This study also describes the first record of Anopheles costai Fonseca & Ramos in Maracá Ecological Station, Roraima State, increasing the distribution range of this taxon.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Effectiveness of two sampling methods for social wasps in different ecosystems Texte intégral
2021
Mateus Aparecido Clemente | Roger Guevara | Hugo Ribeiro Moleiro | Orlando Tobias Silveira | Marcos Magalhães de Souza | Edilberto Giannotti
There are different methodologies used to make an inventory of social wasps. In general, these methods are divided into active search and passive collections. Each method has a different performance, depending on the environment in which the collection is being carried out. Thus, the choice for the proper methodology according to the study area will impact the success of sampled species. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of sampling methodologies for social wasps (active search and bait traps) in different phytophysiognomies (Regenerating Cerrado, “Cerradão”, Restored Forest, Semideciduous Forest and Riparian Forest) in the state of São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil. The active search sampled a greater number of species, with the exception of the Regenerating Cerrado. Regarding abundance, the active search was also more efficient, except in “Cerradão”, where there was no difference between the methods, and in Regenerating Cerrado, where the traps sampled a higher number of individuals. The fact that none of the methods collected all the sampled species indicates that it is appropriate to use more than one collection method in order to obtain a sampling closer to the true richness of the studied sites.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Effects of Nitrogenous Fertilization and some Insecticides on the Natural Enemies of Transgenic Bt Cotton Pests Texte intégral
2021
Mamoun Fadlelmawla | Azhari Abdelbagi | Abd Elaziz Ishag | Ahmed Hammad | Jang-Hyun Hur
Field assessment of integrated management of BT cotton pests was carried out in two consecutive seasons; 2016/2017 and 2017/2018 in the experimental research farm of the Kassala University, Sudan. Four insecticides (imidacloprid, abamectin, profenofos, and lufenuron) from different chemical groups and with a different mode of action and three levels (43.81 kgha-1, 87.62 kgha-1, and 131.43 kgha-1) of soil-applied nitrogen were tested in the IPM package. Insecticides were applied at the recommended doses. A total of 7 weekly counts of prevailing natural enemies [Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) and Aenasius bambawalei Hayat] were carried out for 4 weeks before spraying and 3 weeks post spraying starting the 3rd week from spraying. Results indicated that nitrogen level exerted no significant effects on the populations of prevailing natural enemies; C. carnea and A. bambawalei. Based on average post spray counts and percentage reduction over the control, all insecticide treatments significantly reduced the population of the natural enemies. Imidacloprid and profenofos exerted the highest reduction of C. carnea population followed by abamectin and lufenuron (56.03, 48.25, 07.78 and 06.61% respectively) in the first season, while profenofos, imidacloprid, lufenuron, and abamectin induced the highest reductions (55.94, 45.05, 17.57 and 17.33% respectively) in the second season. On the other hand, reductions in A. bambawalei population (abundant in season 1 only) followed the order; imidacloprid, lufenuron, abmectin, and profenofos (03.95, 02.63, 202.63, and 01.32%, respectively). Interactions between nitrogen fertilization and insecticide were not significant as measured by the population of prevailing natural enemies.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]High diversity of bees detected in guarana crop and natural habitat due to the use of combined sampling methods Texte intégral
2021
Cristiane Krug | Juliana Hipólito | Karine Schoeninger | Matheus Montefusco | Flávia Batista Gomes | Marcio Luiz de Oliveira | Thiago Mahlmann
High diversity of bees detected in guarana crop and natural habitat due to the use of combined sampling methods Texte intégral
2021
Cristiane Krug | Juliana Hipólito | Karine Schoeninger | Matheus Montefusco | Flávia Batista Gomes | Marcio Luiz de Oliveira | Thiago Mahlmann
Bees are the main pollinators of native and agricultural plants. Identifying and knowing these insects responsible for the environmental service of pollination is essential for the maintenance and management of pollination in agricultural systems, especially in a high diversity biome as the Amazon rainforest. Some crops in this region are dependent of benefited by wild pollinators, especially native plants like guarana. To address methodological aspects of monitoring bee diversity, samplings were carried out in an agricultural environment (guarana crop, Paullinia cupana) surrounded by Amazon natural habitat at Manaus, Amazonas State. We used three combined methods (two passive traps: Malaise and yellow pan-traps, and one active: hand nets) in different periods, with the same number of samplings (12 each). In total, 4,143 native bees belonging to 171 species were sampled; 117 species (1,926 individuals) were collected with Malaise trap, 15 (91 individuals) with pan-traps, and 114 (2,126 individuals) through active sampling. Only seven species were common to all methods, 60 species on two methods and 104 species were unique to one sampling method (50 with Malaise, two with pan-traps, and 52 with hand nets). We reinforce the need for complementary sampling to known bee diversity as the best strategy here was the joint use of active samples and Malaise traps. Recently the concern with Amazon preservation has aroused worldwide interest, a fact that shreds of evidence the need for studies of biodiversity and taxonomy in several areas, since very little is known of this vast region.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]High diversity of bees detected in guarana crop and natural habitat due to the use of combined sampling methods. Texte intégral
2021
KRUG, C. | HIPÓLITO, J. | SCHOENINGER, K. | MONTEFUSCO, M. | GOMES, F. B. | OLIVEIRA, M. L. de | MAHLMANN, T.
Influence of the height of multilure traps in the collection of Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae) Texte intégral
2021
José Gabriel Gonçalves Ribeiro | Nyeppson de Sousa Soares | Walter Mesquita Filho | Mayara Ribeiro de Araujo | Roberto Antonio Zucchi | Marcoandre Savaris
The Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) is a polyphagous pest adapted to tropical and subtropical climates, which are responsible for the highest share of fruit production. Fruit fly surveys are frequently done by installing traps at heights easily reached by the collector, between 1.5 and 2.5 meters. This study aims to inform fruit fly monitoring strategies by assessing two trap heights (around 2 m and 10 m) in four environments (agricultural and forest) at the “Luiz de Queiroz” Campus, Piracicaba, São Paulo state, Brazil. Each collection environment was considered a block, and eight multilure traps were installed at each of the two heights on four plants per block. A generalized linear model was used for non-normal data with negative binomial distribution to compare the abundance of C. capitata between trap heights and areas. The higher traps, positioned at around 10 m, collected significantly more specimens of C. capitata than those at approximately 2 m in height. The Mediterranean fruit fly was more frequent in the cultivated environments and areas with human activity than in natural areas.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Record of tritrophic relationship between Syagrus coronata (Martius) Beccari (Arecaceae), Pachymerus nucleorum Fabricius (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae) and Heterospilus sp. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in the State of Alagoas, northeastern Brazil Texte intégral
2021
Jefferson Duarte de Melo | Suianne Oliveira dos Santos Cajé | Iracilda Maria de Moura Lima
Some conservation units in Brazil border urban areas, like the Catolé and Fernão Velho Environmental Protection Area (EPA) in the State of Alagoas. In urban areas, there is the habit of cultivating plants for landscape purposes, and Syagrus coronata (Martius) Beccari (Arecaceae), “Licuri” or “Ouricuri”, is a palm tree commonly used in ornamentation; a native species from Caatinga and Atlantic Forest biomes widely explored through time. Some insects have part of their development associated with plants, and Pachymerus nucleorum Fabricius (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae) has a close connection with some Arecaceae. Females usually lay eggs on the surface of fallen fruits and the immatures feed on the seed under the drupe endocarp; the larvae, even protected by the hard surface could be preyed by skilled parasitoid wasps. Here, the record of a tritrophic relationship between S. coronata, P. nucleorum, and a wasp of the genus Heterospilus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in an urbanized region of Alagoas, close to a remnant of Atlantic Forest of the Catolé and Fernão Velho EPA is communicated. Fruits were collected from the soil surface under the canopy of Licuri palms in the “Universidade Federal de Alagoas” A. C. Simões Campus and transported for laboratory monitoring. Either adults of Heterospilus parasitoid wasps and P. nucleorum beetles from some fruits were recorded. The specimens of S. coronata had seeds preyed upon by P. nucleorum close to a remnant of the Atlantic Forest. The record of a tritrophic relationship involving Heterospilus seems to indicate the tenacity of natural biological control.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Spatio-temporal distribution of preimaginal black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) in streams of a sub-basin of the Uruguay river basin, southern Brazil Texte intégral
2021
Patricia Maria Limberger | David Augusto Reynalte Tataje | Darlan Novicki | Luiz Carlos Marmilicz Junior | Milton Norberto Strieder
Adult females of most black flies species (Diptera, Simuliidae) exhibit a blood-sucking habit. Immature stages develop in water courses and are important in the ecology of lotic environments. We aim to understand the distribution of immature simuliids in the hydrographic sub-basin of the Comandaí river, in Northwest of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. For that purpose, simuliids were sampled in three stretches (source, intermediate and mouth) of nine streams, distributed along the three main regions of the sub-basin. Evaluations of the influence of abiotic factors in different spatial and temporal scales were made. Sampling was carried out in two seasons: between September and November 2016 (spring), and between April and July 2017 (autumn). In total, 17,146 individuals were sampled (larvae of last instars and pupae), which resulted in the identification of eleven Simuliidae species. The most abundant species were Simulium pertinax Kollar (77.55%), followed by Simulium incrustatum Lutz (14.56%) and Simulium subpallidum Lutz (2.35%). Regarding the identification of indicator species, S. pertinax, Simulium jujuyense Paterson & Shannon, S. subpallidum and Simulium orbitale Lutz stood out in mouth stretches, and Simulium rubrithorax Lutz in source stretches. Environmental variables such as conductivity, altitude, canopy cover and stream width were interpreted as important conditioning factors for the distribution of simuliid immature stages. In general, we concluded that Simuliidae are more abundant during spring in the study area, mainly downstream. This information may contribute to the implementation of efficient measures to control species of health importance in southern Brazil.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]Historical record on the Brazilian hawkmoths (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) deposited in the Entomological Collection of the Museu de História Natural da Bahia (MHNBA) in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil Texte intégral
2021
Ramon Lima Ramos | Daniele Santos Lopes | Caroline Tito Garcia | Matheus Eduardo Trindade-Santos | Favízia Freitas de Oliveira
In this article we present the historical records of the Brazilian hawkmoths deposited in the Entomological Collection of the Museu de História Natural da Bahia (MHNBA-UFBA), including the historical Lepidoptera collection donated by Dr. Pedro de Araújo to the MHNBA-UFBA. The Sphingidae collection is composed of 243 specimens and represents 24 genera and 66 species. The historical collection consists of specimens captured between the years 1924 and 1934, and we also included to the collection specimens that were captured more recently, between 1982 and 2014. The subfamily Macroglossinae presented the greatest species richness and Smerinthinae the presented the least species richness. Of all of specimens in the collection, 151 came from São Paulo State (Brazil), 41 from Santa Catarina State, 50 from Bahia State and only one from Pernambuco State. Three topotypes were identified in the collection, namely: Eumorpha translineatus (Rothschild, 1895), Xylophanes crenulata Vaglia & Haxaire, 2009 and Xylophanes alineae Haxaire & Mielke, 2018.
Afficher plus [+] Moins [-]A new species of Euplocania Enderlein (Psocodea, ‘Psocoptera’, Ptiloneuridae), from the Atlantic Rainforest, Brazil Texte intégral
2021
Alberto Moreira da Silva-Neto
A new species of Euplocania belonging in the Marginata species group, collected in an area of the Atlantic Rainforest in Brazilian states of Bahia is described and illustrated. It differs from all the other species in the Marginata species group in details of the hypandrium and phallosome. This is the first record of a species in the Marginata species group for the Atlantic Rainforest biome and the first record of a Euplocania species for Brazilian states of Bahia.
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